Native American Heritage Sites (National Park Service)

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File:Navajo Council.jpg
Béésh bąąh dah siʼání (Navajo Nation Council Chamber)

Native American heritage sites are sites specifically created in many National Park Sites in the United States to commemorate the contribution of the Native American cultures. The term ‘Native American’ includes all cultural groups that predate the arrival of either western European or East coast explorers and settlers. In this sense, Native Alaskans of both arctic and sub-arctic cultures are included with the American Indians of the continental United States. Native Hawaiians are included as the traditional cultures of the islands.

Many sites were created specifically to preserve the remains of cultures that no longer exist, such as Mesa Verde National Park or Russell Cave National Monument. Some tell the story of a vibrant culture that continues to contribute to the American culture, as with Canyon de Chelly National Monument. Yet others commemorate American Indian cultures that contributed to the development of an area, as Cape Cod National Seashore, or were a part of greater events in American history, such as Pea Ridge National Military Park. The largest number preserve the historical contributions of the Native Cultures throughout time; included in these are Devils Tower National Monument, Pipestone National Monument, and Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park.

Parks

Park State Tribal Affiliation(s)[1][2]
Agate Fossil Beds National Monument NE Lakota
Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument TX Pueblo
Arkansas Post National Memorial AR Quapaw, Osage, Caddo
Aztec Ruins National Monument NM Ancestral Pueblo
Badlands National Park SD Lakota
Bandelier National Monument NM Ancestral Pueblo
Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site CO Southern Cheyenne, Southern Arapaho, Kiowa, Comanche
Big Bend National Park TX Jumano, Comanche, Kiowa, Apache
Big Hole National Battlefield MT Nez Perce
Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area MT & WY Crow
Big Thicket National Preserve TX Alabama-Coushatta, Caddo, Atakapa
Buffalo National River AR Paleo-Indians, Archaic, Woodland/Mississippian
Cabrillo National Monument CA Kumeyaay
Canaveral National Seashore FL Timucuan
Canyon de Chelly National Monument AZ Ancestral Pueblo, Navajo
Cape Cod National Seashore MA Wampanoag
Capitol Reef National Park UT Ancestral Pueblo, Fremont culture
Casa Grande Ruins National Monument AZ Hohokam
Castillo de San Marcos National Monument FL Seminole
Chaco Culture National Historical Park NM Ancestral Pueblo, Pueblo, Navajo
Chiricahua National Monument AZ Apache
Colonial National Historical Park (Jamestown), VA 17th-century Powhatans
Coronado National Memorial AZ Zuni
Cuyahoga Valley National Park OH Paleo, Archaic, Adena, Hopewell, Whittlessey
Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, PA/NJ Munsee
De Soto National Memorial, FL Timucuan
Devils Tower National Monument, WY Northern Plains cultures including: Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, Kiowa, Crow, Arapaho, Shoshone, among others
Effigy Mounds National Monument IA Red Ocher, Hopewell, Effigy Mounds Builders
El Malpais National Monument NM Acoma, Laguna, and Zuni Pueblos; Ramah Navajos
El Morro National Monument NM Ancestral Pueblo, Navajo, Zuni
Everglades National Park FL Seminole
Fort Bowie National Historic Site AZ Apache
Fort Caroline National Memorial FL Timucuan
Fort Clatsop National Memorial OR Clatsop, Chinook
Fort Raleigh National Historic Site NC Algonquian
Fort Smith National Historic Site AR Cherokee, Muscogee Creek, Seminole, Choctaw, Chickasaw
Fort Stanwix National Monument NY Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, Tuscarora
Fort Sumter National Monument SC Seminole at Fort Moultrie
Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve AK Nunamiut, Kobuk Eskimo, Koyukon Athabascan
Gateway National Recreation Area NY Lenape, including Canarsie, Nyak
Glacier National Park MT Blackfeet, Salish-Kootenai, Flathead
Glen Canyon National Recreation Area AZ Ancestral Pueblo
Golden Gate National Recreation Area CA Ohlone (Presidio of San Francisco)
Coast Miwok (Marin Headlands)
Grand Canyon National Park AZ Ancestral Pueblo/Hopi, Navajo, Zuni, Southern Paiutes, Havasupai, Hualapai
Grand Portage National Monument MN Ojibwa
Grand Teton National Park WY Plains Indians, Shoshone, Blackfeet
Great Sand Dunes National Monument CO Ute
Great Smoky Mountains National Park TN Cherokee
Guadalupe Mountains National Park TX Mescalero Apache
Haleakala National Park HI Ancient Hawaii
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park HI Ancient Hawaii
Homestead National Monument of America NE Great Plains nations, among others
Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park HI Ancient Hawaii
Hopewell Culture National Historical Park OH Ohio Hopewell
Horseshoe Bend National Military Park AL Muscogee Creek, Cherokee
Hovenweep National Monument CO Ancestral Pueblo
Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site AZ Navajo
Isle Royale National Park MI Ojibwa
Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve LA Choctaw, Chitimacha, Tunica, Houma, Koasati/Coushatta
Gateway Arch National Park MO Plains Indian people including Lakota, Osage, and Illini
Katmai National Park and Preserve AK Yupik/Aleuts
Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site ND Hidatsa, Mandan, Arikara
Lake Mead National Recreation Area NV Virgin River Ancestral Pueblo; Mohave, Hualapai, Southern Paiute
Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area WA Colville Confederated Tribes, Spokane, Nez Perce
Lava Beds National Monument CA Modoc
Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument MT Lakota, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Crow, Arikara
Mammoth Cave National Park KY Early Woodland prehistoric culture
Mesa Verde National Park CO Ancestral Pueblo and 23 affiliated Native American groups
Mojave National Preserve CA Paiute, Chemehuevi, Mohave
Montezuma Castle National Monument AZ Sinagua
Natchez Trace Parkway MS/AL/TN Natchez, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee Creek, Cherokee
National Capital Parks East, Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens, DC Algonquian
Natural Bridges National Monument UT Ancestral Pueblo
Navajo National Monument AZ Ancestral Pueblo, Navajo
Nez Perce National Historical Park ID Nez Perce
North Cascades National Park WA Coast Salish/Upper Skagit, Chelan
Ocmulgee National Monument GA Mississippian, Lamar phase, Muscogee Creek
Olympic National Park WA Elwha Klallam, Hoh, Jamestown S'Klallam, Makah, Port Gamble S'Klallam, Quileute, Quinault, Skokomish
Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument AZ Hohokam, O'odham
Pea Ridge National Military Park AR Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw
Pecos National Historical Park NM Pueblo people
Petroglyph National Monument NM Rio Grande Pueblo, Hopi, and Zuni
Pipe Spring National Monument AZ Ancestral Pueblo, Southern Paiute, and Navajo
Pipestone National Monument MN Siouan groups
Point Reyes National Seashore CA Miwok
[[Puukohola Heiau National Historic Site|PuTemplate:Okinaukohola Heiau National Historic Site]] HI Ancient Hawaii
Pu'uhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park HI Ancient Hawaii
Rainbow Bridge National Monument AZ Navajo Nation, Hopi, Kaibab Paiute, San Juan Southern Paiute, Ute Mountain Ute
Redwood National Park CA Tolowa, Yurok, Chilula
Roger Williams National Memorial RI Narragansett, Wampanoag
Russell Cave National Monument AL Transitional Paleo to Mississippian cultural
Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument NM Pueblo
San Antonio Missions National Historical Park TX Coahuiltecan/South Texans
San Juan National Historic Site PR Taino
Santa Fe National Historic Trail NM Historic Plains and Pueblo cultures
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area CA Chumash, Tongva
Shiloh National Military Park TN at Shiloh Indian Mounds
Sitka National Historical Park AK Tlingit
Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument AZ Ancestral Pueblo, Navajo
Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve FL Timucuan
Tonto National Monument AZ Salado
Trail of Tears National Historic Trail NM Cherokee, Muscogee Creek, Seminole, Choctaw, Chickasaw
Tumacacori National Historical Park AZ Pima
Tuzigoot National Monument AZ Sinagua
Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River NY Lenape
Voyageurs National Park MN Ojibwa
Walnut Canyon National Monument AZ Sinagua, Ancestral Pueblo, Hopi
Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area CA Wintu at Whiskeytown
Whitman Mission National Historic Site WA Cayuse
Women's Rights National Historical Park NY Iroquois Confederacy, Seneca, Cayuga
Wupatki National Monument AZ Ancestral Pueblo, Navajo
Yellowstone National Park WY Nez Perce, Shoshone-Bannock, Sheepeaters, Crow, Blackfeet
Yosemite National Park CA Southern and Central Sierra Miwok, Mono Lake Paiute

NPS units proposed but not confirmed as interpreting Native American culture(s) as a primary theme:[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Hirschfelder, Arlene, & Martha Kreipe de Montaña; The Native America Almanac: A portrait of Native America Today; Prentice Hall, 1993
  2. ↑ Savage, Beth L. (Ed.); African American Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places; National Park Service, Preservation Press, 1994
  3. ↑ Source: Steve Perrin at NP-ACAD, updated 10/28/97
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