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Oregon: Difference between revisions
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Slavery played a major part in Oregon's history and even influenced its path to statehood. The territory's request for [[State (polity)|statehood]] was delayed several times, as members of Congress argued among themselves whether the territory should be admitted as a "free" or "slave" state. Eventually politicians from the South agreed to allow Oregon to enter as a "free" state, in exchange for opening slavery to the Southwestern U.S.<ref>{{cite journal |last = Mahoney |first = Barbara |title = Oregon Voices: Oregon Democracy: Asahel Bush, Slavery, and the Statehood Debate |journal = Oregon Historical Quarterly |volume = 110 |number = 2 |date = July 1, 2009 |page = 202 |doi = 10.1353/ohq.2009.0099 |s2cid = 159872966 |issn = 0030-4727 }}</ref> | Slavery played a major part in Oregon's history and even influenced its path to statehood. The territory's request for [[State (polity)|statehood]] was delayed several times, as members of Congress argued among themselves whether the territory should be admitted as a "free" or "slave" state. Eventually politicians from the South agreed to allow Oregon to enter as a "free" state, in exchange for opening slavery to the Southwestern U.S.<ref>{{cite journal |last = Mahoney |first = Barbara |title = Oregon Voices: Oregon Democracy: Asahel Bush, Slavery, and the Statehood Debate |journal = Oregon Historical Quarterly |volume = 110 |number = 2 |date = July 1, 2009 |page = 202 |doi = 10.1353/ohq.2009.0099 |s2cid = 159872966 |issn = 0030-4727 }}</ref> | ||
Oregon was admitted to the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] on February 14, 1859, though no one in Oregon knew it until March 15.<ref name="Brother Jonathan (ship)">{{cite web |title=Brother Jonathan (ship) |url=https://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/brother_jonathan_ship_/#.X6Ls0y2z0q8 |website=The Oregon Encyclopedia |access-date=November 7, 2020 |archive-date=November 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126070647/https://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/brother_jonathan_ship_/#.X6Ls0y2z0q8 |url-status=live }}</ref> Founded as a refuge from disputes over slavery, Oregon had a "whites only" clause in its original state Constitution.{{Sfn|McLagan|1980|p=28}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ortiz|first=Jorge L.|date=July 22, 2020|title=A 'very dark history': Oregon's racist past fuels protests against injustice in Portland|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/07/21/portland-protests-fueled-oregons-very-dark-history-racism/5483884002/|access-date=July 23, 2020|work=USA TODAY|language=en-US|archive-date=July 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723075730/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/07/21/portland-protests-fueled-oregons-very-dark-history-racism/5483884002/|url-status=live}}</ref> At the outbreak of the | Oregon was admitted to the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] on February 14, 1859, though no one in Oregon knew it until March 15.<ref name="Brother Jonathan (ship)">{{cite web |title=Brother Jonathan (ship) |url=https://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/brother_jonathan_ship_/#.X6Ls0y2z0q8 |website=The Oregon Encyclopedia |access-date=November 7, 2020 |archive-date=November 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126070647/https://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/brother_jonathan_ship_/#.X6Ls0y2z0q8 |url-status=live }}</ref> Founded as a refuge from disputes over slavery, Oregon had a "whites only" clause in its original state Constitution.{{Sfn|McLagan|1980|p=28}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ortiz|first=Jorge L.|date=July 22, 2020|title=A 'very dark history': Oregon's racist past fuels protests against injustice in Portland|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/07/21/portland-protests-fueled-oregons-very-dark-history-racism/5483884002/|access-date=July 23, 2020|work=USA TODAY|language=en-US|archive-date=July 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200723075730/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/07/21/portland-protests-fueled-oregons-very-dark-history-racism/5483884002/|url-status=live}}</ref> At the outbreak of the American Civil War, regular U.S. troops were withdrawn and sent east [[Oregon in the American Civil War|to aid the Union]]. Volunteer cavalry recruited in California were sent north to Oregon to keep peace and protect the populace. The [[1st Oregon Cavalry|First Oregon Cavalry]] served until June 1865. | ||
===Post-Reconstruction=== | ===Post-Reconstruction=== | ||