Customs and Border Protection: Difference between revisions

Shortly after the [[American Civil War]], some states started to pass their own immigration laws, which prompted the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] to rule in ''[[Chy Lung v. Freeman]]'' in 1875 that immigration was a federal responsibility.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=17109431320863199074&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr|title=Chy Lung v. Freeman, 92 US 275 - Supreme Court 1876 - Google Scholar}}</ref>  The [[Immigration Act of 1891]] established an Office of the Superintendent of Immigration within the [[United States Department of the Treasury]]. This office was responsible for admitting, rejecting, and processing all immigrants seeking admission to the United States and for implementing national immigration policy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.uwb.edu/guides/usimmigration/26%20stat%201084.pdf|date=1891|title=Fifty First Congress|website=Library.uwb.edu|access-date=4 August 2019|archive-date=November 21, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121120520/http://library.uwb.edu/guides/usimmigration/26%20stat%201084.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> "Immigrant inspectors", as they were then called, were stationed at major U.S. [[port of entry|ports of entry]] collecting manifests of arriving passengers. A "head tax" of fifty cents was collected on each immigrant.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.uscis.gov/history-and-genealogy/our-history/agency-history/early-american-immigration-policies|title=Early American Immigration Policies|website=Uscis.gov|access-date=April 10, 2018|language=en}}</ref>