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Chalmette National Cemetery: Difference between revisions
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The Chalmette National Cemetery is a rectangular parcel of land measuring 250 feet by 2200 feet. It runs from the [[Mississippi River]] on the south to West Saint Bernard Highway ([[Louisiana Highway 46]]) on the north. The Chalmette National Battlefield bounds the cemetery on the west, while there is an industrial manufacturing facility on the east. Military Cemetery Road runs the length of the grounds from the entrance at West Saint Bernard Highway to the [[levee]] along the Mississippi River. The cemetery's headquarters are near the entrance of the cemetery grounds. The Monument to the Grand Army of the Republic is at the opposite end of Military Cemetery Road, which runs lengthwise through the center of the cemetery.<ref name="NPSDescription">{{cite web |title=Chalmette National Cemetery |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/national_cemeteries/Louisiana/Chalmette_National_Cemetery.html |website=Nps.gov |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="NPSHistory">{{cite web |title=National Park Service Cultural Landscapes Inventory Chalmette National Cemetery Jean Lafitte NHP and Preserve – Chalmette Unit 1998 |url=http://npshistory.com/publications/jela/cli-chalmette-cemetery.pdf |website=Npshistory.com |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=28 October 2020}}</ref> | The Chalmette National Cemetery is a rectangular parcel of land measuring 250 feet by 2200 feet. It runs from the [[Mississippi River]] on the south to West Saint Bernard Highway ([[Louisiana Highway 46]]) on the north. The Chalmette National Battlefield bounds the cemetery on the west, while there is an industrial manufacturing facility on the east. Military Cemetery Road runs the length of the grounds from the entrance at West Saint Bernard Highway to the [[levee]] along the Mississippi River. The cemetery's headquarters are near the entrance of the cemetery grounds. The Monument to the Grand Army of the Republic is at the opposite end of Military Cemetery Road, which runs lengthwise through the center of the cemetery.<ref name="NPSDescription">{{cite web |title=Chalmette National Cemetery |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/national_cemeteries/Louisiana/Chalmette_National_Cemetery.html |website=Nps.gov |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=27 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="NPSHistory">{{cite web |title=National Park Service Cultural Landscapes Inventory Chalmette National Cemetery Jean Lafitte NHP and Preserve – Chalmette Unit 1998 |url=http://npshistory.com/publications/jela/cli-chalmette-cemetery.pdf |website=Npshistory.com |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=28 October 2020}}</ref> | ||
Though now closed to new interments, it is the final resting place of over 15,300 veterans and casualties of [[United States|American]] military campaigns starting with the | Though now closed to new interments, it is the final resting place of over 15,300 veterans and casualties of [[United States|American]] military campaigns starting with the American Civil War and extending to the Vietnam War. There are also four graves of War of 1812 soldiers, one of whom participated in the Battle of New Orleans. There are approximately 7000 unknown soldiers buried there, mostly soldiers who died in the American Civil War. Graves at Chalmette National Cemetery range from simple square markers to elaborate monuments.<ref name="JeanLafitte" /> | ||
[[John E. Jones (Medal of Honor)|John E. Jones]] (1834–1865), Civil War | [[John E. Jones (Medal of Honor)|John E. Jones]] (1834–1865), Civil War Medal of Honor Recipient, is buried there. Also buried is [[William H. Morgan]] (1825–1878), a Civil War Union Brevet Brigadier General. | ||
[[Sarah Rosetta Wakeman]] (1843–1864) is buried at Chalmette National Cemetery. She enlisted in the [[Union Army]] of the Civil War disguised as a man, under the name Lyons Wakeman. She died of disease, not combat, in New Orleans in 1864.<ref name="Wakeman">{{cite web |title=Sarah Rosetta Wakeman |url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/sarah-rosetta-wakeman |website=battlefields.org |publisher=American Battlefield Trust |access-date=20 November 2020}}</ref> One British seaman, [[able seaman]] Watcyn G. Jones, of the [[Royal Navy]] is among the war dead from [[World War II]] buried at Chalmette National Cemetery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2073069/CHALMETTE%20NATIONAL%20CEMETERY|title=Chalmette National Cemetery | Cemetery Details|website=Cwgc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/2719753/JONES,%20WATCYN%20G|title=Able Seaman Watcyn G. Jones | War Casualty Details 2719753 |website=Cwgc.org}}</ref> | [[Sarah Rosetta Wakeman]] (1843–1864) is buried at Chalmette National Cemetery. She enlisted in the [[Union Army]] of the Civil War disguised as a man, under the name Lyons Wakeman. She died of disease, not combat, in New Orleans in 1864.<ref name="Wakeman">{{cite web |title=Sarah Rosetta Wakeman |url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/sarah-rosetta-wakeman |website=battlefields.org |publisher=American Battlefield Trust |access-date=20 November 2020}}</ref> One British seaman, [[able seaman]] Watcyn G. Jones, of the [[Royal Navy]] is among the war dead from [[World War II]] buried at Chalmette National Cemetery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2073069/CHALMETTE%20NATIONAL%20CEMETERY|title=Chalmette National Cemetery | Cemetery Details|website=Cwgc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/2719753/JONES,%20WATCYN%20G|title=Able Seaman Watcyn G. Jones | War Casualty Details 2719753 |website=Cwgc.org}}</ref> | ||
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Chalmette National Cemetery was originally known as Monument Cemetery.<ref name="NPSHistory" /> It had been used as a burial ground prior to its establishment as a national cemetery. In the early part of the American Civil War, former slaves were buried at the site as were both Confederate and Union troops.<ref name="JeanLafitte" /> | Chalmette National Cemetery was originally known as Monument Cemetery.<ref name="NPSHistory" /> It had been used as a burial ground prior to its establishment as a national cemetery. In the early part of the American Civil War, former slaves were buried at the site as were both Confederate and Union troops.<ref name="JeanLafitte" /> | ||
In 1862, the federal government of the United States created the system of national cemeteries. Its purpose was to provide cemeteries for soldiers who died in service of the nation and included the acquisition of land. Chalmette National Cemetery was established as a United States National Cemetery in 1864 as a place to inter the | In 1862, the federal government of the United States created the system of national cemeteries. Its purpose was to provide cemeteries for soldiers who died in service of the nation and included the acquisition of land. Chalmette National Cemetery was established as a United States National Cemetery in 1864 as a place to inter the Union troops. Even though Louisiana was part of the Confederate States of America, nearby New Orleans was [[New Orleans in the American Civil War|occupied by the Union Army]] for the majority of the conflict, which is there was need for a Union cemetery in the New Orleans area.<ref name="Merrifield">{{cite web |last1=Merrifield |first1=Kelly |title=From Necessity to Honor: The Evolution of National Cemeteries in the United States |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/national_cemeteries/Development.html#:~:text=About%20a%20dozen%20national%20cemeteries,buried%20in%2073%20national%20cemeteries. |website=Nps.gov |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=15 November 2020}}</ref> | ||
Originally some [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] soldiers were buried there but were moved to the now defunct Cypress Grove #2 Cemetery by the Ladies of the Benevolent Association of New Orleans. After the Civil War, makeshift battlefield burial plots around the state had their interments moved to the more permanent national cemeteries. The remains of nearly 12,000 soldiers were moved to Chalmette National Cemetery at that time, many of whom were unknown soldiers. At about the same time, the remains of approximately 7000 African-American civilians that were buried on the grounds of Chalmette National Cemetery were reinterred at the adjacent [[Freedmen's Cemetery (Louisiana)|Freedmen's Cemetery]]. Other civilians were also buried there in the early history of Chalmette National Cemetery, although this practice was discontinued in 1867.<ref name="JeanLafitte" /> | Originally some [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] soldiers were buried there but were moved to the now defunct Cypress Grove #2 Cemetery by the Ladies of the Benevolent Association of New Orleans. After the Civil War, makeshift battlefield burial plots around the state had their interments moved to the more permanent national cemeteries. The remains of nearly 12,000 soldiers were moved to Chalmette National Cemetery at that time, many of whom were unknown soldiers. At about the same time, the remains of approximately 7000 African-American civilians that were buried on the grounds of Chalmette National Cemetery were reinterred at the adjacent [[Freedmen's Cemetery (Louisiana)|Freedmen's Cemetery]]. Other civilians were also buried there in the early history of Chalmette National Cemetery, although this practice was discontinued in 1867.<ref name="JeanLafitte" /> | ||