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During [[World War II]], GM produced vast quantities of armaments, vehicles, and aircraft for the [[Allies of World War II]]. In 1940, GM's [[William S. Knudsen]] served as head of U.S. wartime production for [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin Roosevelt]], and by 1942, all of GM's production was to support the war.<ref name="Kollewe" /> GM's [[Vauxhall Motors]] manufactured the [[Churchill tank]] series for the Allies, instrumental in the [[North African campaign]].<ref name=story/> However, its [[Opel]] division, based in Germany, supplied the [[Wehrmacht]] with vehicles. Politically, Sloan, as head of GM at the time, was an ardent opponent of the [[New Deal]], which bolstered [[labor unions]] and [[public transport]]. Sloan admired and supported [[Adolf Hitler]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.jpost.com/jewish-world/jewish-features/hitlers-carmaker | title=Hitler's carmaker | first=Edwin | last=Black |work=The Jerusalem Post |date=December 6, 2006}}</ref> Nazi armaments chief [[Albert Speer]] allegedly said in 1977 that Hitler "would never have considered invading Poland" without [[synthetic fuel]] technology provided by General Motors. GM was compensated $32 million by the U.S. government because its German factories were bombed by U.S. forces during the war.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/nov98/nazicars30.htm | title=Ford and GM Scrutinized for Alleged Nazi Collaboration | first=Michael | last=Dobbs |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 30, 1998}}</ref>
During [[World War II]], GM produced vast quantities of armaments, vehicles, and aircraft for the [[Allies of World War II]]. In 1940, GM's [[William S. Knudsen]] served as head of U.S. wartime production for [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin Roosevelt]], and by 1942, all of GM's production was to support the war.<ref name="Kollewe" /> GM's [[Vauxhall Motors]] manufactured the [[Churchill tank]] series for the Allies, instrumental in the [[North African campaign]].<ref name=story/> However, its [[Opel]] division, based in Germany, supplied the [[Wehrmacht]] with vehicles. Politically, Sloan, as head of GM at the time, was an ardent opponent of the [[New Deal]], which bolstered [[labor unions]] and [[public transport]]. Sloan admired and supported [[Adolf Hitler]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.jpost.com/jewish-world/jewish-features/hitlers-carmaker | title=Hitler's carmaker | first=Edwin | last=Black |work=The Jerusalem Post |date=December 6, 2006}}</ref> Nazi armaments chief [[Albert Speer]] allegedly said in 1977 that Hitler "would never have considered invading Poland" without [[synthetic fuel]] technology provided by General Motors. GM was compensated $32 million by the U.S. government because its German factories were bombed by U.S. forces during the war.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/nov98/nazicars30.htm | title=Ford and GM Scrutinized for Alleged Nazi Collaboration | first=Michael | last=Dobbs |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 30, 1998}}</ref>


Effective January 28, 1953, [[Charles Erwin Wilson]], then GM president, was named by [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] as [[United States Secretary of Defense]].<ref name=story/>
Effective January 28, 1953, [[Charles Erwin Wilson]], then GM president, was named by Dwight D. Eisenhower as [[United States Secretary of Defense]].<ref name=story/>


In December 1953, GM acquired [[Euclid Trucks]], a manufacturer of [[heavy equipment]] for [[Earthworks (engineering)|earthmoving]], including [[dump truck]]s, [[Loader (equipment)|loaders]] and [[wheel tractor-scraper]]s, which later spawned the [[Terex]] brand.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1953/08/08/archives/general-motors-moves-to-enter-field-of-offroad-heavy-trucks-offers.html |title=General Motors Moves to Enter Field of Off-Road Heavy Trucks; Offers an Exchange of Stock to the Holders of Shares of Euclid Machinery Co. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 8, 1953 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.constructionequipment.com/tangled-web-euclid-and-terex-truck-history | title=The Tangled Web of Euclid and Terex Truck History | first=Tom |last=Berry |work=Construction Equipment |date=February 4, 2014}}</ref>
In December 1953, GM acquired [[Euclid Trucks]], a manufacturer of [[heavy equipment]] for [[Earthworks (engineering)|earthmoving]], including [[dump truck]]s, [[Loader (equipment)|loaders]] and [[wheel tractor-scraper]]s, which later spawned the [[Terex]] brand.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1953/08/08/archives/general-motors-moves-to-enter-field-of-offroad-heavy-trucks-offers.html |title=General Motors Moves to Enter Field of Off-Road Heavy Trucks; Offers an Exchange of Stock to the Holders of Shares of Euclid Machinery Co. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 8, 1953 |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.constructionequipment.com/tangled-web-euclid-and-terex-truck-history | title=The Tangled Web of Euclid and Terex Truck History | first=Tom |last=Berry |work=Construction Equipment |date=February 4, 2014}}</ref>
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On January 4, 2016, in its first investment in a [[ridesharing company]], GM invested $500 million in [[Lyft]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kokalitcheva |first=Kia |url=http://fortune.com/2016/01/04/lyft-funding-gm/ |title=Lyft Raises $1 Billion, GM Joins As Investor And Driverless Car Partner |date=January 4, 2016 |journal=Fortune |archive-date=January 17, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117102214/http://fortune.com/2016/01/04/lyft-funding-gm/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Fitzpatrick |first=Alex | url=https://time.com/4166130/general-motors-lyft/ |title=Why General Motors Invested $500 Million in Lyft | magazine=Time |date=January 4, 2016 |archive-date=January 16, 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160116071120/http://time.com/4166130/general-motors-lyft/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The company does not directly supply Lyft drivers with vehicles, however – and has no plans to do so in the future – and Lyft ultimately partnered with [[Motional]] for production of its autonomous vehicles.
On January 4, 2016, in its first investment in a [[ridesharing company]], GM invested $500 million in [[Lyft]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kokalitcheva |first=Kia |url=http://fortune.com/2016/01/04/lyft-funding-gm/ |title=Lyft Raises $1 Billion, GM Joins As Investor And Driverless Car Partner |date=January 4, 2016 |journal=Fortune |archive-date=January 17, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117102214/http://fortune.com/2016/01/04/lyft-funding-gm/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Fitzpatrick |first=Alex | url=https://time.com/4166130/general-motors-lyft/ |title=Why General Motors Invested $500 Million in Lyft | magazine=Time |date=January 4, 2016 |archive-date=January 16, 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160116071120/http://time.com/4166130/general-motors-lyft/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The company does not directly supply Lyft drivers with vehicles, however – and has no plans to do so in the future – and Lyft ultimately partnered with [[Motional]] for production of its autonomous vehicles.


In March 2016, GM acquired [[Cruise (autonomous vehicle)|Cruise]], a [[San Francisco]] self-driving vehicle start-up, to develop self-driving cars that could be used in ride-sharing fleets.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-gm-cruiseautomation-idUSKCN0WD1ND | title=GM buys Cruise Automation to speed self-driving car strategy | first=Joseph | last=White | work=Reuters |date=March 11, 2016 | archive-date=March 13, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313032841/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-gm-cruiseautomation-idUSKCN0WD1ND |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/gm-buys-self-driving-technology-startup-cruise-812784 | title=GM Buys Self-Driving Technology Startup Cruise | website=NDTV |date=March 12, 2016 | archive-date=March 12, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312130144/http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/gm-buys-self-driving-technology-startup-cruise-812784 |url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2022, Cruise received California's first Driverless Deployment Permit, allowing it to both charge fees for its service as well as offer fully autonomous rides in a major public city.<ref name=CNBC-202206>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/02/cruise-gets-green-light-for-commercial-robotaxis-in-san-francisco.html |date=June 2, 2022 |title=Cruise gets green light for commercial robotaxi service in San Francisco |access-date=June 3, 2022 |first=Lora |last=Kolodny |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> ''[[The Verge]]'' reported that the company lost $561 million in Q1 2023, but said it remains on the path to reach $1 billion in revenue by 2025 and $50 billion by 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hawkins |first=Andrew J. |date=April 25, 2023 |title=Cruise continues to burn GM's cash as robotaxis expand to daylight hours |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/4/25/23697406/cruise-robotaxi-gm-daylight-sf-earnings |access-date=April 28, 2023 |website=The Verge |language=en-US}}</ref>
In March 2016, GM acquired [[Cruise (autonomous vehicle)|Cruise]], a San Francisco self-driving vehicle start-up, to develop self-driving cars that could be used in ride-sharing fleets.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-gm-cruiseautomation-idUSKCN0WD1ND | title=GM buys Cruise Automation to speed self-driving car strategy | first=Joseph | last=White | work=Reuters |date=March 11, 2016 | archive-date=March 13, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313032841/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-gm-cruiseautomation-idUSKCN0WD1ND |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/gm-buys-self-driving-technology-startup-cruise-812784 | title=GM Buys Self-Driving Technology Startup Cruise | website=NDTV |date=March 12, 2016 | archive-date=March 12, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312130144/http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/gm-buys-self-driving-technology-startup-cruise-812784 |url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2022, Cruise received California's first Driverless Deployment Permit, allowing it to both charge fees for its service as well as offer fully autonomous rides in a major public city.<ref name=CNBC-202206>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/02/cruise-gets-green-light-for-commercial-robotaxis-in-san-francisco.html |date=June 2, 2022 |title=Cruise gets green light for commercial robotaxi service in San Francisco |access-date=June 3, 2022 |first=Lora |last=Kolodny |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> ''[[The Verge]]'' reported that the company lost $561 million in Q1 2023, but said it remains on the path to reach $1 billion in revenue by 2025 and $50 billion by 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hawkins |first=Andrew J. |date=April 25, 2023 |title=Cruise continues to burn GM's cash as robotaxis expand to daylight hours |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/4/25/23697406/cruise-robotaxi-gm-daylight-sf-earnings |access-date=April 28, 2023 |website=The Verge |language=en-US}}</ref>


In October 2016, GM began production of the [[Chevrolet Bolt EV]], the first-ever mass market [[all-electric car]] with a range of more than {{convert|200|mi|km|round=5|abbr=out}}.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Tesla-Model-3-reservations-near-198-000-7223394.php |title=Tesla Model 3 reservations top 232,000 | first=David R. |last=Baker | newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=April 1, 2016 | archive-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905214935/http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Tesla-Model-3-reservations-near-198-000-7223394.php |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-bolt-ev-range-20160912-snap-story.html | title=Chevy Bolt EV range is 238 miles: Prime time for the electric car? | first=Charles | last=Fleming | newspaper=Los Angeles Times | date=September 12, 2016 | url-access=limited | archive-date=September 13, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913152607/http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-bolt-ev-range-20160912-snap-story.html | url-status=live}}</ref> The battery pack and most drivetrain components were built by [[LG Corporation]] and assembled in GM's plant in [[Lake Orion, Michigan]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/autos/general-motors/2016/07/27/chevrolet-bolt-ev/87615124/ | title=Chevy Bolt EV to ship to dealers in fourth quarter | first=Melissa | last=Burden | newspaper=The Detroit News | date=July 27, 2016 | archive-date=July 28, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160728181944/http://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/autos/general-motors/2016/07/27/chevrolet-bolt-ev/87615124/ |url-status=live}}</ref> {{citation needed span |text=GM chose to employ the Bolt EV and similar Bolt EUV for its Cruise ride-share service. |date=September 2023}}
In October 2016, GM began production of the [[Chevrolet Bolt EV]], the first-ever mass market [[all-electric car]] with a range of more than {{convert|200|mi|km|round=5|abbr=out}}.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Tesla-Model-3-reservations-near-198-000-7223394.php |title=Tesla Model 3 reservations top 232,000 | first=David R. |last=Baker | newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=April 1, 2016 | archive-date=September 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905214935/http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Tesla-Model-3-reservations-near-198-000-7223394.php |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-bolt-ev-range-20160912-snap-story.html | title=Chevy Bolt EV range is 238 miles: Prime time for the electric car? | first=Charles | last=Fleming | newspaper=Los Angeles Times | date=September 12, 2016 | url-access=limited | archive-date=September 13, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913152607/http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-bolt-ev-range-20160912-snap-story.html | url-status=live}}</ref> The battery pack and most drivetrain components were built by [[LG Corporation]] and assembled in GM's plant in [[Lake Orion, Michigan]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/autos/general-motors/2016/07/27/chevrolet-bolt-ev/87615124/ | title=Chevy Bolt EV to ship to dealers in fourth quarter | first=Melissa | last=Burden | newspaper=The Detroit News | date=July 27, 2016 | archive-date=July 28, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160728181944/http://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/autos/general-motors/2016/07/27/chevrolet-bolt-ev/87615124/ |url-status=live}}</ref> {{citation needed span |text=GM chose to employ the Bolt EV and similar Bolt EUV for its Cruise ride-share service. |date=September 2023}}
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The [[2007 General Motors strike]] was a strike from September 24 to 26, 2007, by the UAW against General Motors.
The [[2007 General Motors strike]] was a strike from September 24 to 26, 2007, by the UAW against General Motors.


On September 24, 2007, General Motors workers represented by the UAW union went on strike against the company. The first US-wide strike against GM since 1970 was expected to idle 59 plants and facilities for an indefinite period of time. Talks broke down after more than 20 straight days of bargaining failed to produce a new contract. Major issues that proved to be stumbling blocks for an agreement included wages, benefits, job security and investments in US facilities.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/24/news/companies/gm_uaw_strikedeadline/ | title=73,000 workers walk in nationwide GM strike | last=Isidore | first=Chris | work=CNN | date=September 24, 2007 | archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327085621/https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/24/news/companies/gm_uaw_strikedeadline/?postversion=2007092412 | url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/25/business/25auto.html | title=73,000 U.A.W. Members Go on Strike Against G.M. | first=Micheline | last=Maynard | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=September 25, 2007 | url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14720112 | title=Time Warp: The GM Strike, Then and Now | first=Eric | last=Weiner  | work=[[NPR]] | date=September 26, 2007}}</ref>
On September 24, 2007, General Motors workers represented by the UAW union went on strike against the company. The first US-wide strike against GM since 1970 was expected to idle 59 plants and facilities for an indefinite period of time. Talks broke down after more than 20 straight days of bargaining failed to produce a new contract. Major issues that proved to be stumbling blocks for an agreement included wages, benefits, job security and investments in US facilities.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/24/news/companies/gm_uaw_strikedeadline/ | title=73,000 workers walk in nationwide GM strike | last=Isidore | first=Chris | work=CNN | date=September 24, 2007 | archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327085621/https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/24/news/companies/gm_uaw_strikedeadline/?postversion=2007092412 | url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/25/business/25auto.html | title=73,000 U.A.W. Members Go on Strike Against G.M. | first=Micheline | last=Maynard | work=The New York Times | date=September 25, 2007 | url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14720112 | title=Time Warp: The GM Strike, Then and Now | first=Eric | last=Weiner  | work=[[NPR]] | date=September 26, 2007}}</ref>


Two car assembly plants in [[Oshawa, Ontario]] and a transmission facility in [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]] closed on September 25. However, on September 26, a tentative agreement was reached, and the strike's end was announced by UAW officials in a news conference at 4 a.m.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/26/news/companies/uaw_gm_deal/index.htm | title=GM-UAW reach deal to end strike | date=September 26, 2007 | last=Isidore | first=Chris | work=CNN |archive-date=August 24, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824041648/https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/26/news/companies/uaw_gm_deal/index.htm?postversion=2007092604 |url-status=live}}</ref> By the following day, all GM workers in both countries were back to work.
Two car assembly plants in [[Oshawa, Ontario]] and a transmission facility in [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]] closed on September 25. However, on September 26, a tentative agreement was reached, and the strike's end was announced by UAW officials in a news conference at 4 a.m.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/26/news/companies/uaw_gm_deal/index.htm | title=GM-UAW reach deal to end strike | date=September 26, 2007 | last=Isidore | first=Chris | work=CNN |archive-date=August 24, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824041648/https://money.cnn.com/2007/09/26/news/companies/uaw_gm_deal/index.htm?postversion=2007092604 |url-status=live}}</ref> By the following day, all GM workers in both countries were back to work.
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=== 2019 General Motors strike ===
=== 2019 General Motors strike ===
{{Main|2019 General Motors strike}}
{{Main|2019 General Motors strike}}
On the morning of September 15, 2019, after talks broke down to renew their contract, which expired earlier that day, the UAW announced that GM employees would begin striking at 11:59 pm.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/16/business/uaw-gm-strike-general-motors/index.html | title=UAW workers go on strike against GM | last=Isidore | first=Chris | work=CNN |date=September 16, 2019 | archive-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916090131/https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/16/business/uaw-gm-strike-general-motors/index.html | url-status=live}}</ref> This strike shut down operations in nine states, including 33 manufacturing plants and 22 parts distribution warehouses.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/c54f47d7569c44d382995a3c3992eb53 |title=No Deal: Auto workers strike against GM in contract dispute |last1=Krisher |first1=Tom | last2=Householder | first2=Mike | work=[[Associated Press]] |date=September 16, 2019 | archive-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916094746/https://www.apnews.com/c54f47d7569c44d382995a3c3992eb53 |url-status=live}}</ref> After 40 days, on October 25, 2019, the "longest strike by autoworkers in a decade" and the longest against GM since 1970 came to an end when United Auto Workers members voted to approve a new contract with GM. Striking [[Labor Union|labor union]] members received a $275 a week strike pay salary for the duration of the strike.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Perkins |first1=Tom |last2=Rushe |first2=Dominic |date=October 25, 2019 |title=GM strike ends after 40 days with 48,000 staff to return to work |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/oct/25/uaw-united-auto-workers-general-motors-strike-deal |access-date=August 12, 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The strike cost GM more than $2 billion.
On the morning of September 15, 2019, after talks broke down to renew their contract, which expired earlier that day, the UAW announced that GM employees would begin striking at 11:59 pm.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/16/business/uaw-gm-strike-general-motors/index.html | title=UAW workers go on strike against GM | last=Isidore | first=Chris | work=CNN |date=September 16, 2019 | archive-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916090131/https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/16/business/uaw-gm-strike-general-motors/index.html | url-status=live}}</ref> This strike shut down operations in nine states, including 33 manufacturing plants and 22 parts distribution warehouses.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/c54f47d7569c44d382995a3c3992eb53 |title=No Deal: Auto workers strike against GM in contract dispute |last1=Krisher |first1=Tom | last2=Householder | first2=Mike | work=Associated Press |date=September 16, 2019 | archive-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916094746/https://www.apnews.com/c54f47d7569c44d382995a3c3992eb53 |url-status=live}}</ref> After 40 days, on October 25, 2019, the "longest strike by autoworkers in a decade" and the longest against GM since 1970 came to an end when United Auto Workers members voted to approve a new contract with GM. Striking [[Labor Union|labor union]] members received a $275 a week strike pay salary for the duration of the strike.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Perkins |first1=Tom |last2=Rushe |first2=Dominic |date=October 25, 2019 |title=GM strike ends after 40 days with 48,000 staff to return to work |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/oct/25/uaw-united-auto-workers-general-motors-strike-deal |access-date=August 12, 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The strike cost GM more than $2 billion.


=== 2023 United Auto Workers strike ===
=== 2023 United Auto Workers strike ===
{{Main|2023 United Auto Workers strike}}
{{Main|2023 United Auto Workers strike}}
The ongoing strike launched by the UAW is the first strike against all three major American automakers in history. Then-recently elected UAW president [[Shawn Fain]] stated that he was "fed up" with the current situation between workers and automakers; Fain specifically blasted the tiered workers system at automakers, failure for automakers to keep wages up with inflation, pensions, as well as the introduction of a [[four-day workweek]] as opposed to the five-day workweek. GM CEO [[Mary Barra]] protested that her company offered an "unprecedented deal" which gave workers 20% raises as well as "world-class" healthcare. Barra further stated that meeting all 1,000 plus demands would bankrupt the company and cost over $100 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 15, 2023 |title=GM CEO Mary Barra defends position amid UAW strike, says company put 4 offers on the table  |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uaw-strike-gm-ceo-mary-barra-defends-company-position-4-offers-on-the-table/ |access-date=September 19, 2023 |website=CBS News |first1=Analisa |last1=Novak |editor-first1=Sarah |editor-last1=Lynch Baldwin |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=White |first1=Joseph |last2=Shepardson |first2=David |date=March 27, 2023 |title=New UAW leader tells automakers: 'Our membership is fed up' |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-auto-union-leader-promises-fight-get-workers-fair-share-2023-03-27/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822032911/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-auto-union-leader-promises-fight-get-workers-fair-share-2023-03-27/ |archive-date=August 22, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
The ongoing strike launched by the UAW is the first strike against all three major American automakers in history. Then-recently elected UAW president [[Shawn Fain]] stated that he was "fed up" with the current situation between workers and automakers; Fain specifically blasted the tiered workers system at automakers, failure for automakers to keep wages up with inflation, pensions, as well as the introduction of a [[four-day workweek]] as opposed to the five-day workweek. GM CEO [[Mary Barra]] protested that her company offered an "unprecedented deal" which gave workers 20% raises as well as "world-class" healthcare. Barra further stated that meeting all 1,000 plus demands would bankrupt the company and cost over $100 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 15, 2023 |title=GM CEO Mary Barra defends position amid UAW strike, says company put 4 offers on the table  |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uaw-strike-gm-ceo-mary-barra-defends-company-position-4-offers-on-the-table/ |access-date=September 19, 2023 |website=CBS News |first1=Analisa |last1=Novak |editor-first1=Sarah |editor-last1=Lynch Baldwin |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=White |first1=Joseph |last2=Shepardson |first2=David |date=March 27, 2023 |title=New UAW leader tells automakers: 'Our membership is fed up' |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-auto-union-leader-promises-fight-get-workers-fair-share-2023-03-27/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822032911/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-auto-union-leader-promises-fight-get-workers-fair-share-2023-03-27/ |archive-date=August 22, 2023 |access-date=September 13, 2023 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref>


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
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''[[Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile]]'' by [[Ralph Nader]], published in 1965, is a book accusing [[car manufacturers]] of being slow to introduce [[safety]] features and reluctant to spend money on improving safety. It relates to the first models of the [[Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960–1964) that had a [[swing axle]] suspension design that was prone to 'tuck under' in certain circumstances. To compensate for the removal of a front stabilizer bar (anti-roll bar) as a cost-cutting measure, Corvairs required [[tire]] pressures that were outside of the tire manufacturer's recommended tolerances. The Corvair relied on an unusually high front to rear pressure differential (15 psi front, 26 psi rear, when cold; 18 psi and 30 psi hot), and if one inflated the tires equally, as was standard practice for all other cars at the time, the result was dangerous over-steer.<ref>{{cite news | last=CSERE| first=CSABA | title=General Motors Celebrates a 100-Year History of Technological Breakthroughs | url=https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a15143719/general-motors-celebrates-a-100-year-history-of-technological-breakthroughs/ | work=Car and Driver |date=September 1, 2008 | archive-date=February 25, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130225090611/http://www.caranddriver.com/columns/general-motors-celebrates-a-100-year-history-of-technological-breakthroughs|url-status=live}}</ref>
''[[Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile]]'' by [[Ralph Nader]], published in 1965, is a book accusing [[car manufacturers]] of being slow to introduce [[safety]] features and reluctant to spend money on improving safety. It relates to the first models of the [[Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960–1964) that had a [[swing axle]] suspension design that was prone to 'tuck under' in certain circumstances. To compensate for the removal of a front stabilizer bar (anti-roll bar) as a cost-cutting measure, Corvairs required [[tire]] pressures that were outside of the tire manufacturer's recommended tolerances. The Corvair relied on an unusually high front to rear pressure differential (15 psi front, 26 psi rear, when cold; 18 psi and 30 psi hot), and if one inflated the tires equally, as was standard practice for all other cars at the time, the result was dangerous over-steer.<ref>{{cite news | last=CSERE| first=CSABA | title=General Motors Celebrates a 100-Year History of Technological Breakthroughs | url=https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a15143719/general-motors-celebrates-a-100-year-history-of-technological-breakthroughs/ | work=Car and Driver |date=September 1, 2008 | archive-date=February 25, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130225090611/http://www.caranddriver.com/columns/general-motors-celebrates-a-100-year-history-of-technological-breakthroughs|url-status=live}}</ref>


In early March 1966, several media outlets, including ''[[The New Republic]]'' and ''[[The New York Times]]'', alleged that GM had tried to discredit [[Ralph Nader]], hiring private detectives to tap his phones and investigate his past, and hiring prostitutes to trap him in compromising situations.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.legalaffairs.org/issues/November-December-2005/scene_longhine_novdec05.msp |title=Ralph Nader's museum of tort law will include relics from famous lawsuits{{snd}}if it ever gets built | date=December 2005 |website=LegalAffairs.org | archive-date=March 31, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080331074458/http://www.legalaffairs.org/issues/November-December-2005/scene_longhine_novdec05.msp |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | date=May 7, 2005 | work=Federal Highway Administration |url= https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/safetyep.cfm |title=President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Federal Role in Highway Safety: Epilogue – The Changing Federal Role |archive-date=October 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004052209/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/safetyep.htm | url-status=live}}</ref> Nader sued the company for [[invasion of privacy]] and settled the case for $425,000. Nader's lawsuit against GM was ultimately decided by the [[New York Court of Appeals]], whose opinion in the case expanded [[tort law]] to cover "overzealous surveillance".<ref>''Nader v. General Motors Corp.'', 307 N.Y.S.2d 647 (N.Y. 1970)</ref> Nader used the proceeds from the lawsuit to start the pro-consumer Center for Study of Responsive Law.
In early March 1966, several media outlets, including ''[[The New Republic]]'' and ''The New York Times'', alleged that GM had tried to discredit [[Ralph Nader]], hiring private detectives to tap his phones and investigate his past, and hiring prostitutes to trap him in compromising situations.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.legalaffairs.org/issues/November-December-2005/scene_longhine_novdec05.msp |title=Ralph Nader's museum of tort law will include relics from famous lawsuits{{snd}}if it ever gets built | date=December 2005 |website=LegalAffairs.org | archive-date=March 31, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080331074458/http://www.legalaffairs.org/issues/November-December-2005/scene_longhine_novdec05.msp |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | date=May 7, 2005 | work=Federal Highway Administration |url= https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/safetyep.cfm |title=President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the Federal Role in Highway Safety: Epilogue – The Changing Federal Role |archive-date=October 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004052209/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/safetyep.htm | url-status=live}}</ref> Nader sued the company for [[invasion of privacy]] and settled the case for $425,000. Nader's lawsuit against GM was ultimately decided by the [[New York Court of Appeals]], whose opinion in the case expanded [[tort law]] to cover "overzealous surveillance".<ref>''Nader v. General Motors Corp.'', 307 N.Y.S.2d 647 (N.Y. 1970)</ref> Nader used the proceeds from the lawsuit to start the pro-consumer Center for Study of Responsive Law.


A 1972 safety commission report conducted by [[Texas A&M University]] concluded that the 1960–1963 Corvair possessed no greater potential for loss of control than its contemporary competitors in extreme situations.<ref>{{cite book | first1=Brent | last1=Fisse | first2=John |last2=Braithwaite |title=The Impact of Publicity on Corporate Offenders | publisher=State University of New York Press | year=1983 | page=30 | isbn=978-0-87395-732-8}}</ref> The [[United States Department of Transportation]] (DOT) issued a press release in 1972 describing the findings of [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration|NHTSA]] testing from the previous year. NHTSA conducted a series of comparative tests in 1971 studying the handling of the 1963 Corvair and four contemporary cars{{snd}}a [[Ford Falcon (North America)|Ford Falcon]], [[Plymouth Valiant]], [[Volkswagen Beetle]], and [[Renault Dauphine]]{{snd}}along with a second-generation Corvair (with its completely redesigned, independent rear suspension). The 143-page report reviewed NHTSA's extreme-condition handling tests, national crash-involvement data for the cars in the test as well as General Motors' internal documentation regarding the Corvair's handling.<ref>{{citation | work=National Highway Traffic Safety Administration |title=PB 211-015: Evaluation of the 1960–1963 Corvair Handling and Stability |date=July 1972 |publisher=National Technical Information Service}}</ref>
A 1972 safety commission report conducted by [[Texas A&M University]] concluded that the 1960–1963 Corvair possessed no greater potential for loss of control than its contemporary competitors in extreme situations.<ref>{{cite book | first1=Brent | last1=Fisse | first2=John |last2=Braithwaite |title=The Impact of Publicity on Corporate Offenders | publisher=State University of New York Press | year=1983 | page=30 | isbn=978-0-87395-732-8}}</ref> The [[United States Department of Transportation]] (DOT) issued a press release in 1972 describing the findings of [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration|NHTSA]] testing from the previous year. NHTSA conducted a series of comparative tests in 1971 studying the handling of the 1963 Corvair and four contemporary cars{{snd}}a [[Ford Falcon (North America)|Ford Falcon]], [[Plymouth Valiant]], [[Volkswagen Beetle]], and [[Renault Dauphine]]{{snd}}along with a second-generation Corvair (with its completely redesigned, independent rear suspension). The 143-page report reviewed NHTSA's extreme-condition handling tests, national crash-involvement data for the cars in the test as well as General Motors' internal documentation regarding the Corvair's handling.<ref>{{citation | work=National Highway Traffic Safety Administration |title=PB 211-015: Evaluation of the 1960–1963 Corvair Handling and Stability |date=July 1972 |publisher=National Technical Information Service}}</ref>
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