Department of the Treasury: Difference between revisions

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* Regulations concerning tax administration, sanctions, anti-money laundering (AML), and counter-terrorism financing (CTF).
* Regulations concerning tax administration, sanctions, anti-money laundering (AML), and counter-terrorism financing (CTF).
* Policies and regulations related to the management of federal finances, including debt issuance and management.
* Policies and regulations related to the management of federal finances, including debt issuance and management.
|HeadquartersLocation=38.89852, -77.03433
|HeadquartersLocation=38.89839, -77.03428
|HeadquartersAddress=1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20220
|HeadquartersAddress=1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20220
|Website=https://home.treasury.gov
|Website=https://home.treasury.gov
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| employees = 87,336 (2019)
| employees = 87,336 (2019)
| budget = $20 billion (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.federalpay.org/departments/departmentoftreasury|title=Department of Treasury – List of Federal Departments|work=federalpay.org|access-date=January 28, 2019|archive-date=January 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128083325/https://www.federalpay.org/departments/departmentoftreasury|url-status=live}}</ref>
| budget = $20 billion (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.federalpay.org/departments/departmentoftreasury|title=Department of Treasury – List of Federal Departments|work=federalpay.org|access-date=January 28, 2019|archive-date=January 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128083325/https://www.federalpay.org/departments/departmentoftreasury|url-status=live}}</ref>
| chief1_name = [[Janet Yellen]]
| chief1_name =  
| chief1_position = [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary]]
| chief1_position = [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary]]
| chief2_name = [[Wally Adeyemo]]
| chief2_name =  
| chief2_position = [[United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury|Deputy Secretary]]
| chief2_position = [[United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury|Deputy Secretary]]
| chief3_name = [[Marilynn Malerba]]
| chief3_name =  
| chief3_position = [[Treasurer of the United States|Treasurer]]
| chief3_position = [[Treasurer of the United States|Treasurer]]
| child1_agency = [[Internal Revenue Service]]
| child1_agency = [[Internal Revenue Service]]
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== History ==
== History ==
=== Revolutionary period ===
=== Revolutionary period ===
The history of the Department of the Treasury began in the turmoil of the [[American Revolution]], when the [[Continental Congress]] at [[Philadelphia]] deliberated the crucial issue of financing a war of independence against [[Great Britain]]. The Congress had no power to [[tax levies|levy]] and [[tax collector|collect]] taxes, nor was there a tangible basis for securing funds from foreign investors or governments. The delegates resolved to issue paper money in the form of [[bills of credit]], promising [[fiat money|redemption]] in [[coin]] on faith in the revolutionary cause. On June 22, 1775, only a few days after the [[Battle of Bunker Hill]], the Continental Congress issued $2&nbsp;million in bills; on July 25, 28 citizens of Philadelphia were employed by Congress to sign and number the currency.
The history of the Department of the Treasury began in the turmoil of the [[American Revolution]], when the [[Continental Congress]] at Philadelphia deliberated the crucial issue of financing a war of independence against [[Great Britain]]. The Congress had no power to [[tax levies|levy]] and [[tax collector|collect]] taxes, nor was there a tangible basis for securing funds from foreign investors or governments. The delegates resolved to issue paper money in the form of [[bills of credit]], promising [[fiat money|redemption]] in [[coin]] on faith in the revolutionary cause. On June 22, 1775, only a few days after the [[Battle of Bunker Hill]], the Continental Congress issued $2&nbsp;million in bills; on July 25, 28 citizens of Philadelphia were employed by Congress to sign and number the currency.


On July 29, 1775, the [[Second Continental Congress]] assigned the responsibility for the administration of the revolutionary government's finances to joint Continental treasurers [[George Clymer]] and [[Michael Hillegas]]. Congress stipulated that each of the colonies contribute to the Continental government's funds. To ensure proper and efficient handling of the growing [[national debt]] in the face of weak economic and political ties between the colonies, the Congress, on February 17, 1776, designated a committee of five to superintend the treasury, [[settlement (finance)|settle accounts]], and report periodically to the Congress. On April 1, a Treasury Office of Accounts, consisting of an auditor general and [[clerk]]s, was established to facilitate the settlement of claims and to keep the public accounts for the government of the United Colonies. With the signing of the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] on July 4, 1776, the newborn republic as a [[sovereign nation]] was able to secure loans from abroad.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Banks and Politics in America: From the Revolution to the Civil War|last=Hammond|first=Bray|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1957|location=Princeton, NJ}}</ref>
On July 29, 1775, the [[Second Continental Congress]] assigned the responsibility for the administration of the revolutionary government's finances to joint Continental treasurers [[George Clymer]] and [[Michael Hillegas]]. Congress stipulated that each of the colonies contribute to the Continental government's funds. To ensure proper and efficient handling of the growing [[national debt]] in the face of weak economic and political ties between the colonies, the Congress, on February 17, 1776, designated a committee of five to superintend the treasury, [[settlement (finance)|settle accounts]], and report periodically to the Congress. On April 1, a Treasury Office of Accounts, consisting of an auditor general and [[clerk]]s, was established to facilitate the settlement of claims and to keep the public accounts for the government of the United Colonies. With the signing of the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] on July 4, 1776, the newborn republic as a [[sovereign nation]] was able to secure loans from abroad.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Banks and Politics in America: From the Revolution to the Civil War|last=Hammond|first=Bray|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1957|location=Princeton, NJ}}</ref>
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===Creation of the Treasury===
===Creation of the Treasury===
[[Image:Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury (1789-1968).png|thumb|Original seal, dating from before 1968]]
[[Image:Seal of the United States Department of the Treasury (1789-1968).png|thumb|Original seal, dating from before 1968]]
The [[1st United States Congress|First United States Congress]] convened in [[New York City]] on March 4, 1789, marking the beginning of government under the [[Constitution of the United States|U.S. Constitution]]. On September 2, 1789, Congress created a permanent institution for the management of government finances:<blockquote>Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That there shall be a Department of Treasury, in which shall be the following officers, namely: a Secretary of the Treasury, to be deemed head of the department; a Comptroller, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a Register, and an [[United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury|Assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury]], which assistant shall be appointed by the said Secretary.<ref name="Act-to-establish">{{cite web | title=Image 1 of An act to establish the Treasury department .... [Dated] 1789, July 2. New-York. Printed by Thomas Greenleaf.]. | website=The Library of Congress | date=1970-01-01 | url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.1110160m/?st=text | access-date=2022-12-01 | archive-date=December 1, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201172233/https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.1110160m/?st=text | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://legisworks.org/sal/1/stats/STATUTE-1-Pg65.pdf|title=Chapter 12, 1 Statue. 65|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019033202/http://legisworks.org/sal/1/stats/STATUTE-1-Pg65.pdf|archive-date=October 19, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref></blockquote>[[Alexander Hamilton]] took the oath of office as the first [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|secretary of the treasury]] on September 11, 1789. Hamilton had served as [[George Washington]]'s ''[[aide-de-camp]]'' during the [[American Revolutionary War]] and was influential in the [[United States Constitution#1788 ratification|ratification]] of the Constitution. Hamilton's [[business acumen|financial and managerial acumen]] made him a logical choice for addressing the problem of the new nation's heavy [[war debt]]. His first official act as secretary was to submit a report to Congress in which he laid the foundation for the nation's financial health.
The [[1st United States Congress|First United States Congress]] convened in New York City on March 4, 1789, marking the beginning of government under the [[Constitution of the United States|U.S. Constitution]]. On September 2, 1789, Congress created a permanent institution for the management of government finances:<blockquote>Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That there shall be a Department of Treasury, in which shall be the following officers, namely: a Secretary of the Treasury, to be deemed head of the department; a Comptroller, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a Register, and an [[United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury|Assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury]], which assistant shall be appointed by the said Secretary.<ref name="Act-to-establish">{{cite web | title=Image 1 of An act to establish the Treasury department .... [Dated] 1789, July 2. New-York. Printed by Thomas Greenleaf.]. | website=The Library of Congress | date=1970-01-01 | url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.1110160m/?st=text | access-date=2022-12-01 | archive-date=December 1, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201172233/https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.1110160m/?st=text | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://legisworks.org/sal/1/stats/STATUTE-1-Pg65.pdf|title=Chapter 12, 1 Statue. 65|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019033202/http://legisworks.org/sal/1/stats/STATUTE-1-Pg65.pdf|archive-date=October 19, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref></blockquote>[[Alexander Hamilton]] took the oath of office as the first [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|secretary of the treasury]] on September 11, 1789. Hamilton had served as [[George Washington]]'s ''[[aide-de-camp]]'' during the American Revolutionary War and was influential in the [[United States Constitution#1788 ratification|ratification]] of the Constitution. Hamilton's [[business acumen|financial and managerial acumen]] made him a logical choice for addressing the problem of the new nation's heavy [[war debt]]. His first official act as secretary was to submit a report to Congress in which he laid the foundation for the nation's financial health.


To the surprise of many legislators, he insisted upon [[Debt Assumption|federal assumption]] and dollar-for-dollar repayment of the country's $75&nbsp;million debt in order to revitalize the [[public credit]]: "[T]he debt of the United States was the price of liberty. The faith of America has been repeatedly pledged for it, and with solemnities that give peculiar force to the obligation."<ref name="syrett1962vol6">{{cite book|editor-last1=Syrett|editor-first1=Harold C.|title=The Papers of Alexander Hamilton, vol. 6|date=1962|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|location=New York City|isbn=978-0231089050|url=http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/america7/content/multimedia/ch08/documents_02.htm|access-date=May 6, 2018|ref=syrett1962vol6|archive-date=May 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507003521/http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/america7/content/multimedia/ch08/documents_02.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Hamilton foresaw the development of industry and trade in the United States, suggesting that government revenues be based upon [[customs duties]].<ref name="syrett1962vol6" /> His sound [[fiscal policy|financial policies]] also inspired investment in the [[First Bank of the United States|Bank of the United States]], which acted as the government's [[fiscal agent]].{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}
To the surprise of many legislators, he insisted upon [[Debt Assumption|federal assumption]] and dollar-for-dollar repayment of the country's $75&nbsp;million debt in order to revitalize the [[public credit]]: "[T]he debt of the United States was the price of liberty. The faith of America has been repeatedly pledged for it, and with solemnities that give peculiar force to the obligation."<ref name="syrett1962vol6">{{cite book|editor-last1=Syrett|editor-first1=Harold C.|title=The Papers of Alexander Hamilton, vol. 6|date=1962|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|location=New York City|isbn=978-0231089050|url=http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/america7/content/multimedia/ch08/documents_02.htm|access-date=May 6, 2018|ref=syrett1962vol6|archive-date=May 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507003521/http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/america7/content/multimedia/ch08/documents_02.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Hamilton foresaw the development of industry and trade in the United States, suggesting that government revenues be based upon [[customs duties]].<ref name="syrett1962vol6" /> His sound [[fiscal policy|financial policies]] also inspired investment in the [[First Bank of the United States|Bank of the United States]], which acted as the government's [[fiscal agent]].{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}
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===1860s===
===1860s===
In 1861, Sophia Holmes became the first Black woman to be employed by the Treasury Department and by the [[Federal government of the United States]] when [[Henry Wilson|Senator Henry Wilson]], [[James G. Blaine]] and others advocated for her hiring as a janitor under Secretary of the Treasury [[Francis E. Spinner|Francis Spinner]]. She was paid fifteen dollars per month. In 1862, she prevented a major theft from the department of more than $200,000 when she came across a box filled with U.S. currency, including a number of thousand-dollar bills, and reported it to Secretary Spinner. U.S. President [[Abraham Lincoln]] subsequently honored her with a commendation for her actions, and the federal government rewarded her with an appointment for life as a messenger with its Department of Issues.<ref>Logan, Mrs. John A. ''Thirty Years in Washington or Life and Scenes in Our National Capital''. Hartford, Connecticut: A. D. Worthington & Co., 1901.</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=DkJIAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Sophia+Holmes%22 The United States Treasury Register Containing a List of Persons Employed in the Treasury Department]'', p. 36. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office, 1874.</ref><ref>Ziparo, Jessica. ''This Grand Experiment: When Women Entered the Federal Workforce in Civil War–Era Washington, D.C.'' Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2017.</ref><ref>Bailey, M. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=nJTNAAAAMAAJ&dq=Sophia+Holmes+treasury&pg=PA628 The Chautauquan: Organ of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle]''. Meadville, Pennsylvania: The T. L. Flood publishing House, 1892.</ref>
In 1861, Sophia Holmes became the first Black woman to be employed by the Treasury Department and by the [[Federal government of the United States]] when [[Henry Wilson|Senator Henry Wilson]], [[James G. Blaine]] and others advocated for her hiring as a janitor under Secretary of the Treasury [[Francis E. Spinner|Francis Spinner]]. She was paid fifteen dollars per month. In 1862, she prevented a major theft from the department of more than $200,000 when she came across a box filled with U.S. currency, including a number of thousand-dollar bills, and reported it to Secretary Spinner. U.S. President Abraham Lincoln subsequently honored her with a commendation for her actions, and the federal government rewarded her with an appointment for life as a messenger with its Department of Issues.<ref>Logan, Mrs. John A. ''Thirty Years in Washington or Life and Scenes in Our National Capital''. Hartford, Connecticut: A. D. Worthington & Co., 1901.</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=DkJIAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Sophia+Holmes%22 The United States Treasury Register Containing a List of Persons Employed in the Treasury Department]'', p. 36. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Government Printing Office, 1874.</ref><ref>Ziparo, Jessica. ''This Grand Experiment: When Women Entered the Federal Workforce in Civil War–Era Washington, D.C.'' Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2017.</ref><ref>Bailey, M. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=nJTNAAAAMAAJ&dq=Sophia+Holmes+treasury&pg=PA628 The Chautauquan: Organ of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle]''. Meadville, Pennsylvania: The T. L. Flood publishing House, 1892.</ref>


===2003 reorganization===
===2003 reorganization===
[[File:Treasury departement.jpg|thumb|The [[Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.)|Treasury Building]] at 1500 [[Pennsylvania Avenue]], [[Northwest, Washington, D.C.|NW]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]]]
[[File:Treasury departement.jpg|thumb|The [[Treasury Building (Washington, D.C.)|Treasury Building]] at 1500 [[Pennsylvania Avenue]], [[Northwest, Washington, D.C.|NW]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]]]
The [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]] transferred several agencies that had previously been under the aegis of the Treasury Department to other departments as a consequence of the [[September 11 attacks]].  Effective January 24, 2003, the [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms]] (ATF), which had been a bureau of the department since 1972, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the [[Homeland Security Act|Homeland Security Act of 2002]]. The [[Law enforcement agency|law enforcement]] functions of ATF, including the regulation of legitimate traffic in [[firearms]] and [[explosives]], were transferred to the [[United States Department of Justice|Department of Justice]] as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (BATFE).<ref name="Washington Post 2003">{{cite news | title=Move to Justice Dept. Brings ATF New Focus | newspaper=Washington Post | date=2003-01-23 | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/01/23/move-to-justice-dept-brings-atf-new-focus/76f43384-a848-4dec-9490-29dd2a2ade6c/ | access-date=2023-03-11 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311155436/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/01/23/move-to-justice-dept-brings-atf-new-focus/76f43384-a848-4dec-9490-29dd2a2ade6c/ | archive-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref> The regulatory and tax collection functions of ATF related to legitimate traffic in alcohol and tobacco remained with the treasury at its new [[Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau]] (TTB).<ref name="TTBGov 2015">{{cite web | title=History | website=TTBGov | date=2015-11-18 | url=https://www.ttb.gov/about-ttb/history | access-date=2023-03-11 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311160913/https://www.ttb.gov/about-ttb/history | archive-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref>
The [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]] transferred several agencies that had previously been under the aegis of the Treasury Department to other departments as a consequence of the September 11 attacks.  Effective January 24, 2003, the [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms]] (ATF), which had been a bureau of the department since 1972, was extensively reorganized under the provisions of the [[Homeland Security Act|Homeland Security Act of 2002]]. The [[Law enforcement agency|law enforcement]] functions of ATF, including the regulation of legitimate traffic in [[firearms]] and [[explosives]], were transferred to the [[United States Department of Justice|Department of Justice]] as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (BATFE).<ref name="Washington Post 2003">{{cite news | title=Move to Justice Dept. Brings ATF New Focus | newspaper=Washington Post | date=2003-01-23 | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/01/23/move-to-justice-dept-brings-atf-new-focus/76f43384-a848-4dec-9490-29dd2a2ade6c/ | access-date=2023-03-11 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311155436/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/01/23/move-to-justice-dept-brings-atf-new-focus/76f43384-a848-4dec-9490-29dd2a2ade6c/ | archive-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref> The regulatory and tax collection functions of ATF related to legitimate traffic in alcohol and tobacco remained with the treasury at its new [[Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau]] (TTB).<ref name="TTBGov 2015">{{cite web | title=History | website=TTBGov | date=2015-11-18 | url=https://www.ttb.gov/about-ttb/history | access-date=2023-03-11 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311160913/https://www.ttb.gov/about-ttb/history | archive-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref>


Effective March 1, 2003, the [[Federal Law Enforcement Training Center]], the [[United States Customs Service]], and the [[United States Secret Service]] were transferred to the newly created [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security ("DHS")]].<ref>{{cite web|date=July 27, 2012|title=Who Joined DHS |url=https://www.dhs.gov/who-joined-dhs|access-date=2023-03-10|website=Department of Homeland Security|language=en | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311160243/https://www.dhs.gov/who-joined-dhs | archive-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref>
Effective March 1, 2003, the [[Federal Law Enforcement Training Center]], the [[United States Customs Service]], and the [[United States Secret Service]] were transferred to the newly created [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security ("DHS")]].<ref>{{cite web|date=July 27, 2012|title=Who Joined DHS |url=https://www.dhs.gov/who-joined-dhs|access-date=2023-03-10|website=Department of Homeland Security|language=en | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311160243/https://www.dhs.gov/who-joined-dhs | archive-date=March 11, 2023}}</ref>


===2020 data breach===
===2020 data breach===
In 2020, the Treasury [[2020 United States Treasury and Department of Commerce data breach|suffered a data breach]] following a [[cyberattack]] likely conducted by a [[advanced persistent threat|nation state adversary]], possibly Russia.<ref name="wapo">{{cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213220635/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/russian-government-spies-are-behind-a-broad-hacking-campaign-that-has-breached-us-agencies-and-a-top-cyber-firm/2020/12/13/d5a53b88-3d7d-11eb-9453-fc36ba051781_story.html |archive-date=December 13, 2020| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/russian-government-spies-are-behind-a-broad-hacking-campaign-that-has-breached-us-agencies-and-a-top-cyber-firm/2020/12/13/d5a53b88-3d7d-11eb-9453-fc36ba051781_story.html |title=Russian government spies are behind a broad hacking campaign that has breached U.S. agencies and a top cyber firm |last=Nakashima |first=Ellen |date= December 13, 2020|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=December 14, 2020}}</ref><ref name="reuters">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cyber-treasury-exclsuive-idUSKBN28N0PG|title=Suspected Russian hackers spied on U.S. Treasury emails – sources|first=Christopher|last=Bing|work=[[Reuters]]|date=December 14, 2020|access-date=December 14, 2020|archive-date=December 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214025738/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cyber-treasury-exclsuive-idUSKBN28N0PG|url-status=live}}</ref> This was in fact the first detected case of the much wider [[2020 United States federal government data breach]], which involved at least eight federal departments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Office |first=U. S. Government Accountability |date=2024-03-21 |title=SolarWinds Cyberattack Demands Significant Federal and Private-Sector Response (infographic) {{!}} U.S. GAO |url=https://www.gao.gov/blog/solarwinds-cyberattack-demands-significant-federal-and-private-sector-response-infographic |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=www.gao.gov |language=en}}</ref>
In 2020, the Treasury [[2020 United States Treasury and Department of Commerce data breach|suffered a data breach]] following a [[cyberattack]] likely conducted by a [[advanced persistent threat|nation state adversary]], possibly Russia.<ref name="wapo">{{cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213220635/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/russian-government-spies-are-behind-a-broad-hacking-campaign-that-has-breached-us-agencies-and-a-top-cyber-firm/2020/12/13/d5a53b88-3d7d-11eb-9453-fc36ba051781_story.html |archive-date=December 13, 2020| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/russian-government-spies-are-behind-a-broad-hacking-campaign-that-has-breached-us-agencies-and-a-top-cyber-firm/2020/12/13/d5a53b88-3d7d-11eb-9453-fc36ba051781_story.html |title=Russian government spies are behind a broad hacking campaign that has breached U.S. agencies and a top cyber firm |last=Nakashima |first=Ellen |date= December 13, 2020|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=December 14, 2020}}</ref><ref name="reuters">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cyber-treasury-exclsuive-idUSKBN28N0PG|title=Suspected Russian hackers spied on U.S. Treasury emails – sources|first=Christopher|last=Bing|work=Reuters|date=December 14, 2020|access-date=December 14, 2020|archive-date=December 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214025738/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-cyber-treasury-exclsuive-idUSKBN28N0PG|url-status=live}}</ref> This was in fact the first detected case of the much wider [[2020 United States federal government data breach]], which involved at least eight federal departments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Office |first=U. S. Government Accountability |date=2024-03-21 |title=SolarWinds Cyberattack Demands Significant Federal and Private-Sector Response (infographic) {{!}} U.S. GAO |url=https://www.gao.gov/blog/solarwinds-cyberattack-demands-significant-federal-and-private-sector-response-infographic |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=www.gao.gov |language=en}}</ref>


==Responsibilities==
==Responsibilities==
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[[File:Seal on United States Department of the Treasury on the Building.JPG|thumb|Seal on United States Department of the Treasury on the Building]]
[[File:Seal on United States Department of the Treasury on the Building.JPG|thumb|Seal on United States Department of the Treasury on the Building]]
* [[Secretary of the Treasury]]<ref name="101-05">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/role-of-treasury/orders-directives/Pages/to101-05.aspx Treasury Order 101-05] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319075827/https://www.treasury.gov/about/role-of-treasury/orders-directives/Pages/to101-05.aspx |date=March 19, 2021 }}, U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. January 10, 2011. Updated April 26, 2011. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
* [[Secretary of the Treasury]]<ref name="101-05">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/role-of-treasury/orders-directives/Pages/to101-05.aspx Treasury Order 101-05] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319075827/https://www.treasury.gov/about/role-of-treasury/orders-directives/Pages/to101-05.aspx |date=March 19, 2021 }}, U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. January 10, 2011. Updated April 26, 2011. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
** [[United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury|Deputy Secretary of the Treasury]]
[[United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury|Deputy Secretary of the Treasury]]
*** [[Treasurer of the United States]]
* [[Treasurer of the United States]]
**** [[Bureau of Engraving and Printing]]
[[Bureau of Engraving and Printing]]
***** [[Bureau of Engraving and Printing#BEP_Police|Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police]]
* [[Bureau of Engraving and Printing#BEP_Police|Bureau of Engraving and Printing Police]]
**** [[United States Mint]]
[[United States Mint]]
***** [[United States Mint Police]]
* [[United States Mint Police]]
*** [[Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance|Under Secretary for Domestic Finance]]<ref name="DF org chart">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Documents/DF%20Org%20Chart%2011%2015%2011.pdf DF Org Chart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116024550/https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Documents/DF%20Org%20Chart%2011%2015%2011.pdf |date=January 16, 2022 }}, "The Office of Domestic Finance". U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. October 2011. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
* [[Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance|Under Secretary for Domestic Finance]]<ref name="DF org chart">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Documents/DF%20Org%20Chart%2011%2015%2011.pdf DF Org Chart] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116024550/https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Documents/DF%20Org%20Chart%2011%2015%2011.pdf |date=January 16, 2022 }}, "The Office of Domestic Finance". U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. October 2011. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
**** [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions|Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions]]
[[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions|Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions]]
***** [[Office of Financial Institutions]]
* [[Office of Financial Institutions]]
**** [[Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets]]
[[Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets]]
***** [[Office of Financial Markets (U.S.)|Office of Financial Markets]]
* [[Office of Financial Markets (U.S.)|Office of Financial Markets]]
**** [[Fiscal Assistant Secretary]]
[[Fiscal Assistant Secretary]]
***** [[Office of Fiscal Service]]
* [[Office of Fiscal Service]]
***** [[Bureau of the Fiscal Service]]
* [[Bureau of the Fiscal Service]]
<!--**** [[Assistant Secretary for Financial Stability]]
<!-- [[Assistant Secretary for Financial Stability]]
***** [[Office of Financial Stability]]-->
* [[Office of Financial Stability]]-->
*** [[Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs|Under Secretary for International Affairs]]<ref name="International Affairs">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-Of-International-Affairs.aspx International Affairs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622015450/https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-Of-International-Affairs.aspx |date=June 22, 2016 }}, "About International Affairs". U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. February 14, 2012. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
* [[Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs|Under Secretary for International Affairs]]<ref name="International Affairs">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-Of-International-Affairs.aspx International Affairs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622015450/https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-Of-International-Affairs.aspx |date=June 22, 2016 }}, "About International Affairs". U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. February 14, 2012. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
**** [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for International Markets|Assistant Secretary for International Markets and Development]]
[[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for International Markets|Assistant Secretary for International Markets and Development]]
**** Assistant Secretary for International Finance
Assistant Secretary for International Finance
**** Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Investment Security<ref>{{cite web |title=Officials {{!}} U.S. Department of the Treasury |url=https://home.treasury.gov/about/general-information/officials |website=home.treasury.gov |access-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-date=September 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922003643/https://home.treasury.gov/about/general-information/officials |url-status=live }}</ref>
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Investment Security<ref>{{cite web |title=Officials {{!}} U.S. Department of the Treasury |url=https://home.treasury.gov/about/general-information/officials |website=home.treasury.gov |access-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-date=September 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922003643/https://home.treasury.gov/about/general-information/officials |url-status=live }}</ref>
**** Office of Environment and Energy<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Environment-and-Energy.aspx|title=Environment and Energy|website=www.treasury.gov|language=en-us|access-date=October 30, 2017|archive-date=November 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107020659/https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Environment-and-Energy.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
Office of Environment and Energy<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Environment-and-Energy.aspx|title=Environment and Energy|website=www.treasury.gov|language=en-us|access-date=October 30, 2017|archive-date=November 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107020659/https://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Environment-and-Energy.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
*** [[Under Secretary of the Treasury for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence|Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence]] ([[Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence]])<ref name="OTFI">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-of-Terrorism-and-Financial-Intelligence.aspx Terrorism and Financial Intelligence] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905060527/http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-of-Terrorism-and-Financial-Intelligence.aspx |date=September 5, 2015 }}, "About Terrorism and Financial Intelligence". U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. July 2, 2012. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
* [[Under Secretary of the Treasury for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence|Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence]] ([[Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence]])<ref name="OTFI">[http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-of-Terrorism-and-Financial-Intelligence.aspx Terrorism and Financial Intelligence] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905060527/http://www.treasury.gov/about/organizational-structure/offices/Pages/Office-of-Terrorism-and-Financial-Intelligence.aspx |date=September 5, 2015 }}, "About Terrorism and Financial Intelligence". U.S. Dept. of the Treasury. July 2, 2012. Accessed November 11, 2012.</ref>
**** [[Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing]]
[[Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing]]
***** [[Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes]]
* [[Office of Terrorist Financing and Financial Crimes]]
**** Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis
Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis
***** [[Office of Intelligence and Analysis (Treasury Department)|Office of Intelligence and Analysis]]
* [[Office of Intelligence and Analysis (Treasury Department)|Office of Intelligence and Analysis]]
**** [[Financial Crimes Enforcement Network]]
[[Financial Crimes Enforcement Network]]
**** [[Office of Foreign Assets Control]]
[[Office of Foreign Assets Control]]
**** [[Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture]]
[[Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture]]
*** [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management]] / Chief Financial Officer / Performance Improvement Officer
* [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Management]] / Chief Financial Officer / Performance Improvement Officer
**** Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization
Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization
**** Office of Privacy, Transparency, and Records
Office of Privacy, Transparency, and Records
**** Chief Information Officer
Chief Information Officer
*** [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy|Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy]]
* [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy|Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy]]
*** [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Legislative Affairs|Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs]]
* [[Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Legislative Affairs|Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs]]
*** Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
* Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs
*** Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy
* Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy
*** Climate Counselor<ref>{{cite web |title=Treasury Announces Coordinated Climate Policy Strategy with New Treasury Climate Hub and Climate Counselor {{!}} U.S. Department of the Treasury |url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0134 |website=home.treasury.gov |access-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420022718/https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0134 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Climate Counselor<ref>{{cite web |title=Treasury Announces Coordinated Climate Policy Strategy with New Treasury Climate Hub and Climate Counselor {{!}} U.S. Department of the Treasury |url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0134 |website=home.treasury.gov |access-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-date=April 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420022718/https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0134 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*** [[Commissioner of Internal Revenue]]
* [[Commissioner of Internal Revenue]]
**** [[Internal Revenue Service]]
[[Internal Revenue Service]]
*** [[Office of the Comptroller of the Currency]]
* [[Office of the Comptroller of the Currency]]
*** [[Office of Financial Research]]
* [[Office of Financial Research]]
*** [[Office of the General Counsel for the Department of the Treasury|Office of the General Counsel]]
* [[Office of the General Counsel for the Department of the Treasury|Office of the General Counsel]]
*** [[U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General|Office of the Inspector General]]
* [[U.S. Department of the Treasury, Office of Inspector General|Office of the Inspector General]]
*** [[Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration]] (TIGTA)
* [[Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration]] (TIGTA)
*** [https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/coronavirus Chief Recovery Officer]
* [https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/coronavirus Chief Recovery Officer]


===Bureaus===
===Bureaus===