Environmental Modeling Center: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|United States weather agency}}
{{short description|United States weather agency}}
{{Infobox government agency
{{Breadcrumbs|align=right|officialwebsite=no|wikipedia=yes}}{{Infobox government agency
|agency_name = Environmental Modeling Center (EMC)
|agency_name = Environmental Modeling Center (EMC)
|formed = 1995
|formed = 1995
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}}
}}


The '''Environmental Modeling Center''' ('''EMC''') is a United States Government agency, which improves numerical weather, marine and climate predictions at the [[National Centers for Environmental Prediction]] (NCEP), through a broad program of research in [[data assimilation]] and modeling.  In support of the NCEP operational forecasting mission, the EMC develops, improves and monitors data assimilation systems and models of the atmosphere, ocean and coupled system, using advanced methods developed internally as well as cooperatively with scientists from universities, [[NOAA]] laboratories and other government agencies, and the international scientific community.
The '''Environmental Modeling Center''' ('''EMC''') is a United States Government agency, which improves numerical weather, marine and climate predictions at the [[National Centers for Environmental Prediction]] (NCEP), through a broad program of research in data assimilation and modeling.  In support of the NCEP operational forecasting mission, the EMC develops, improves and monitors data assimilation systems and models of the atmosphere, ocean and coupled system, using advanced methods developed internally as well as cooperatively with scientists from universities, [[NOAA]] laboratories and other government agencies, and the international scientific community.


== History ==
== History ==
In July 1954, the Joint Numerical Weather Prediction Unit (JNWPU) was created to test out [[numerical weather prediction]] techniques by [[computer]].  Operational numerical weather prediction in the United States began in 1955 under the JNWPU.<ref>{{cite web|author=American Institute of Physics|date=2008-03-25|url=http://www.aip.org/history/sloan/gcm/ |title=Atmospheric General Circulation Modeling|access-date=2008-01-13 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080325084036/http://www.aip.org/history/sloan/gcm/ |archive-date = 2008-03-25}}</ref>  This unit co-located with the Weather Bureau-Air Force-Navy (WBAN) analysis center to form the National Weather Analysis Center, which was located in [[Suitland, Maryland|Suitland]], Maryland. When the two units merged, the name changed to the National Meteorological Center (NMC) in January 1958.  When the JNWPU dissolved in 1961, NMC became an independent organization from [[Global Weather Central]] and [[Fleet Numerical Weather Central]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KUgNGCJB4agC&pg=PA58|page=58|title=Encyclopedia of computer science and technology, Volume 14|author=Belzer, Jack, Albert George Holzman, [[Allen Kent]]|publisher=Marcel Dekker, Inc.|year=1980|isbn=978-0-8247-2214-2}}</ref>  Research and computer processing abilities increased over the years, which allowed for the first global forecast model to run by June 1966.<ref name="HPChistory">Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2011-08-22). [http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/html/historyNMC.shtml A Brief History of the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center.] Retrieved on 2012-11-12.</ref>  NMC moved to the World Weather Building in [[Camp Springs, Maryland|Camp Springs]], Maryland between 1974 and 1976. NMC changed its name to NCEP, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction on October 1, 1995, with the Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) becoming one of its subunits.  EMC moved to the National Center for Weather and Climate Prediction building in September 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) |url=https://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/emc/pages/ourhistory.php |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov}}</ref>
 
* In July 1954, the Joint Numerical Weather Prediction Unit (JNWPU) was created to test out numerical weather prediction techniques by computer.  Operational numerical weather prediction in the United States began in 1955 under the JNWPU.<ref>{{cite web|author=American Institute of Physics|date=2008-03-25|url=http://www.aip.org/history/sloan/gcm/ |title=Atmospheric General Circulation Modeling|access-date=2008-01-13 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080325084036/http://www.aip.org/history/sloan/gcm/ |archive-date = 2008-03-25}}</ref>  This unit co-located with the Weather Bureau-Air Force-Navy (WBAN) analysis center to form the National Weather Analysis Center, which was located in Suitland, Maryland.
* When the two units merged, the name changed to the National Meteorological Center (NMC) in January 1958.   
* When the JNWPU dissolved in 1961, NMC became an independent organization from Global Weather Central and [[Fleet Numerical Weather Central]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KUgNGCJB4agC&pg=PA58|page=58|title=Encyclopedia of computer science and technology, Volume 14|author=Belzer, Jack, Albert George Holzman, [[Allen Kent]]|publisher=Marcel Dekker, Inc.|year=1980|isbn=978-0-8247-2214-2}}</ref>   
* Research and computer processing abilities increased over the years, which allowed for the first global forecast model to run by June 1966.<ref name="HPChistory">Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2011-08-22). [http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/html/historyNMC.shtml A Brief History of the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center.] Retrieved on 2012-11-12.</ref>   
* NMC moved to the World Weather Building in Camp Springs, Maryland between 1974 and 1976.
* NMC changed its name to NCEP, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction on October 1, 1995, with the Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) becoming one of its subunits.   
* EMC moved to the National Center for Weather and Climate Prediction building in September 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) |url=https://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/emc/pages/ourhistory.php |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov}}</ref>


== Operations ==
== Operations ==
The Environmental Modeling Center is responsible for the development, running, and maintenance of more than 20 numerical weather prediction systems comprising NCEP's operational production suite.  These models include the [[Rapid Refresh|Rapid Refresh (RAP)]], [[Global Forecast System|Global Forecast System (GFS)]], Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS), [[Wind wave model#WAVEWATCH|WaveWatch III]], Short Range Ensemble Forecast (SREF), [[Climate Forecast System (NCEP)|Climate Forecast System (CFS)]], Global Real-Time Ocean Forecast System (RTOFS), [[North American Mesoscale Model|North American Mesoscale Model (NAM)]], [[Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model|Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model (HWRF)]], and Hurricanes in a Multi-scale Ocean-coupled Non-hydrostatic Model (HMON).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/|title=Environmental Modeling Center|author=Environmental Modeling Center|publisher=[[National Centers for Environmental Prediction]]|date=2012-11-12|access-date=2012-11-12}}</ref>
The Environmental Modeling Center is responsible for the development, running, and maintenance of more than 20 numerical weather prediction systems comprising NCEP's operational production suite.   
 
These models include:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/|title=Environmental Modeling Center|author=Environmental Modeling Center|publisher=[[National Centers for Environmental Prediction]]|date=2012-11-12|access-date=2012-11-12}}</ref>
 
* [[Rapid Refresh|Rapid Refresh (RAP)]]
* [[Global Forecast System|Global Forecast System (GFS)]]
* [[Global Ensemble Forecast System]] (GEFS)
* [[Wind wave model#WAVEWATCH|WaveWatch III]]
* [[Short Range Ensemble Forecast]] (SREF)
* [[Climate Forecast System (NCEP)|Climate Forecast System (CFS)]]
* [[Global Real-Time Ocean Forecast System]] (RTOFS)
* [[North American Mesoscale Model|North American Mesoscale Model (NAM)]]
* [[Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model|Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model (HWRF)]]
* [[Hurricanes in a Multi-scale Ocean-coupled Non-hydrostatic Model]] (HMON)


== Branches ==
== Branches ==
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*[[Space Weather Prediction Center]]
*[[Space Weather Prediction Center]]
*[[Storm Prediction Center]]
*[[Storm Prediction Center]]
*[[Tropical cyclone forecast model]]
*Tropical cyclone forecast model
*[[Weather Prediction Center]]
*[[Weather Prediction Center]]


Latest revision as of 22:47, 17 December 2024

Environmental Modeling Center on Wikipedia
Environmental Modeling Center (EMC)
File:NCWCPcollegepark.jpg
Agency Overview
Formed 1995
Jurisdiction United States Government
Headquarters College Park, Maryland
Agency Executive Dr. Brian Gross, director
Parent department National Centers for Environmental Prediction
Website
http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov

The Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) is a United States Government agency, which improves numerical weather, marine and climate predictions at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), through a broad program of research in data assimilation and modeling. In support of the NCEP operational forecasting mission, the EMC develops, improves and monitors data assimilation systems and models of the atmosphere, ocean and coupled system, using advanced methods developed internally as well as cooperatively with scientists from universities, NOAA laboratories and other government agencies, and the international scientific community.

History

  • In July 1954, the Joint Numerical Weather Prediction Unit (JNWPU) was created to test out numerical weather prediction techniques by computer. Operational numerical weather prediction in the United States began in 1955 under the JNWPU.[1] This unit co-located with the Weather Bureau-Air Force-Navy (WBAN) analysis center to form the National Weather Analysis Center, which was located in Suitland, Maryland.
  • When the two units merged, the name changed to the National Meteorological Center (NMC) in January 1958.
  • When the JNWPU dissolved in 1961, NMC became an independent organization from Global Weather Central and Fleet Numerical Weather Central.[2]
  • Research and computer processing abilities increased over the years, which allowed for the first global forecast model to run by June 1966.[3]
  • NMC moved to the World Weather Building in Camp Springs, Maryland between 1974 and 1976.
  • NMC changed its name to NCEP, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction on October 1, 1995, with the Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) becoming one of its subunits.
  • EMC moved to the National Center for Weather and Climate Prediction building in September 2012.[4]

Operations

The Environmental Modeling Center is responsible for the development, running, and maintenance of more than 20 numerical weather prediction systems comprising NCEP's operational production suite.

These models include:[5]

Branches

  • Modeling and Data Assimilation Branch
  • Verification, Post-processing and Product Generation Branch
  • Engineering and Implementation Branch

See also

References

  1. ↑ American Institute of Physics (2008-03-25). "Atmospheric General Circulation Modeling". http://www.aip.org/history/sloan/gcm/. 
  2. ↑ Belzer, Jack, Albert George Holzman, Allen Kent (1980). Encyclopedia of computer science and technology, Volume 14. Marcel Dekker, Inc.. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-8247-2214-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=KUgNGCJB4agC&pg=PA58. 
  3. ↑ Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2011-08-22). A Brief History of the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Retrieved on 2012-11-12.
  4. ↑ "Environmental Modeling Center (EMC)". https://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/emc/pages/ourhistory.php. 
  5. ↑ Environmental Modeling Center (2012-11-12). "Environmental Modeling Center". National Centers for Environmental Prediction. http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/. 
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