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{{Short description|Independent U.S. government agency}} {{Infobox government agency | parent_agency = [[United States Congress]] | name = Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe | seal = | logo = Csce-transparent-logo-helsinki-commission.png | logo_width = 100px | formed = {{start date and age|1976|6|3}}<ref name=function/> | jurisdiction = | headquarters = [[Ford House Office Building]] | coordinates = {{coord|38|53|4.2|N|77|0|51.84|W|region:US-DC|display=inline,title}} | employees = | budget = | chief1_name = | chief1_position = | chief2_name = | chief2_position = | chief3_name = | chief3_position = | chief4_name = | chief4_position = | chief5_name = | chief5_position = | chief6_name = | website = {{URL|https://www.csce.gov/issue/helsinki-commission}} }} [[File:2019 US Helsinki Commission.jpg|thumb|The US Helsinki Commission at a hearing about Baltic Sea security in July 2019.]] [[File:Member, Representative Robert Aderhold.jpg|thumb|Congressman [[Robert Aderholt]] during a Commission meeting in October 2019.]] The '''Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe''' ('''CSCE'''), also known as the '''U.S. Helsinki Commission''', is an [[Independent agencies of the United States government|independent U.S. government agency]] created by [[U.S. Congress|Congress]] in 1975 to monitor and encourage compliance with the [[Helsinki Final Act]] and other [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (OSCE) commitments. It was initiated by House representative [[Millicent Fenwick]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Crump |first1=Thomas |title=Brezhnev and the Decline of the Soviet Union |date=2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415690737 |pages=154}}</ref> and established in 1975 pursuant to Public Law No. 94-304 and is based at the [[Ford House Office Building]]. ==Function and duties of Commission== The commission is authorized and directed to monitor the acts of the signatories which reflect compliance with or violation of the articles of the [[Helsinki Accords|Final Act]] of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, with particular regard to the provisions relating to human rights and Cooperation in Humanitarian Fields. The commission is further authorized and directed to monitor and encourage the development of programs and activities of the United States Government and private organizations with a view toward taking advantage of the provisions of the Final Act to expand east–west economic cooperation and a greater interchange of people and ideas between East and West.<ref name="function">{{cite journal |title=Function and duties of Commission |journal=US Code |volume=Title 22 |issue=Chapter 45 |page=Section 3002 |url=http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt |archive-date=2011-02-03 }}</ref> ==Abstract== The Commission consists of nine members from the [[U.S. House of Representatives]], nine members from the [[United States Senate]], and one member each from the Departments of [[United States Department of State|State]], [[United States Department of Defense|Defense]], and [[United States Department of Commerce|Commerce]]. The positions of chairman and co-chairman are shared by the House and Senate and rotate every two years, when a new Congress convenes. A professional staff assists the Commissioners in their work. The Commission contributes to the formulation of U.S. policy toward the OSCE and the participating states and takes part in its execution, including through Member and staff participation on official U.S. delegations to OSCE meetings and in certain OSCE bodies. Members of the Commission have regular contact with parliamentarians, government officials, [[NGO]]s, and private individuals from other OSCE participating states. The Commission convenes public hearings and briefings with expert witnesses on OSCE-related issues; issues public reports concerning implementation of OSCE commitments in participating States; publishes a periodic ''Digest'' with up-to-date information on OSCE developments and Commission activities; and organizes official delegations to participating States and OSCE meetings to address and assess democratic, economic, and [[human rights]] developments firsthand. ==History== In February 2018, the CSCE convened in Washington, DC to address the issue of Russian doping in international sport. Central to the discussion was an exploration of the need to protect whistleblowers. The meeting included testimony from [[Jim Walden (lawyer)|Jim Walden]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?441528-1/attorney-speaks-russias-doping-program|title=Attorney Speaks Russia's Doping Program, Feb 22 2018 {{!}} Video|website=C-SPAN.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-02-23}}</ref> attorney for [[Grigory Rodchenkov|Dr. Grigory Rodchenkov]], the former head of Russia's anti-doping laboratory who defected to the US.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/index.php/articles/1061594/independent-us-government-agency-to-hold-hearing-on-russian-doping-scandal|title=Independent US Government agency to hold hearing on Russian doping scandal|date=17 February 2018|website=insidethegames.biz|access-date=2018-02-23}}</ref> [[File:Russia – Human Rights and Political Prospects (IA gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-109shrg95680).pdf|thumb|Russia: Human Rights and Political Prospects 2005 briefing document]] On 1 July 2022 Ranking Member Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (MS) and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania [[Bogdan Aurescu]] co-chaired a conference on Euro-Atlantic security called "BLACK SEA SECURITY SUMMIT".<ref name="bsss">{{cite news |title=BLACK SEA SECURITY SUMMIT |url=https://www.csce.gov/international-impact/events/black-sea-security-summit |publisher=CSCE |date=1 July 2022}}</ref> On 17 October 2022, while the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine]] was in full swing, the Commission called for the [[State Department]] to submit a motion to the [[United Nations]] to end the status of [[Russia]] as a permanent member of the [[U.N. Security Council]]. This initiative was seen as a further step in the campaign of [[Ukrainian Ambassador to the U.N.]] [[Sergiy Kyslytsya]] to unseat Russia.<ref name="rmamn">{{cite news |last1=Morgan |first1=Ryan |title=US commission: Kick Russia off UN Security Council |url=https://americanmilitarynews.com/2022/10/us-commission-kick-russia-off-un-security-council/ |publisher=American Military News |date=17 October 2022}}</ref> On 14 December 2022, in a bi-partisan effort, the co-chair of the commission [[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]] and the ranking member of the commission [[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]] submitted resolution 1517 to the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] wherein they recapitulated that Russia had committed "flagrant violations" of the [[U.N. Charter]] that call into question its right to hold a [[Security Council]] seat,<ref name="wisn">{{cite news |title=Congressmen Wilson, Cohen introduce resolution to remove Russia from UN Security Council |url=https://www.wistv.com/2022/12/16/congressmen-wilson-cohen-introduce-resolution-remove-russia-un-security-council/ |agency=WIS News 10 |publisher=Gray Media Group, Inc. |date=16 December 2022}}</ref><ref name="aa">{{cite news |title=US lawmakers introduce resolution to oust Russia from UN Security Council |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/us-lawmakers-introduce-resolution-to-oust-russia-from-un-security-council/2764105 |publisher=Anadolu Agency |date=15 December 2022}}</ref> and would urge [[President Biden]], inter alia, "to direct the Department of State and other relevant Federal departments and agencies to pursue all appropriate steps with Allies, partners, and other countries to limit, suspend, or terminate the participation or membership of the Russian Federation in other organs and specialized agencies of the United Nations".<ref name="sc1517">{{cite news |last1=Cohen |first1=Steve |title=H.Res.1517 - Finding that the Russian Federation's presence in the United Nations Security Council violates the purposes and principles of the United Nations. |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-resolution/1517/text?r=3&s=4 |publisher=congress.gov |date=13 December 2022}}</ref> ==Commissioners== {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Chair'' *[[Richard Blumenthal]], Connecticut *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Tina Smith]], Minnesota *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Ranking Member'' *[[John Boozman]], Arkansas *[[Tim Scott]], South Carolina *[[Thom Tillis]], North Carolina |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]], South Carolina, ''Chairman'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Richard Hudson (American politician)|Richard Hudson]], North Carolina *[[Mike Lawler]], New York *[[Victoria Spartz]], Indiana |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Emanuel Cleaver]], Missouri *[[Ruben Gallego]], Arizona *[[Marc Veasey]], Texas |- !Executive branch |colspan=2 | *''Donet Dominic Graves Jr.'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *''Celeste Wallander'', [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Erin Barclay'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} {{hidden begin|titlestyle=background:#cff|title=Historical membership|contentstyle=border:solid 1px silver; padding:8px; background:white;}} ;Commissioners, 117th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Chair'' *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island *[[Dick Blumenthal]], Connecticut *[[Tina Smith]], Minnesota |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[John Boozman]], Arkansas *[[Marco Rubio]], Florida *[[Thom Tillis]], North Carolina |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Co-Chair'' {{small|(until April 6, 2021)}} *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee, ''Co-Chair'' {{small|(from July 1, 2021)}} *[[Gwen Moore]], Wisconsin *[[Emanuel Cleaver]], Missouri *[[Marc Veasey]], Texas *[[Ruben Gallego]], Arizona |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]], South Carolina, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)|Brian Fitzpatrick]], Pennsylvania *[[Richard Hudson (American politician)|Richard Hudson]], North Carolina |- !Executive branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 116th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Co-Chair'' *[[John Boozman]], Arkansas *[[Cory Gardner]], Colorado *[[Marco Rubio]], Florida *[[Thom Tillis]], North Carolina |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Tom Udall]], New Mexico *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee *[[Gwen Moore]], Wisconsin *[[Emanuel Cleaver]], Missouri *[[Marc Veasey]], Texas |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]], South Carolina, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)|Brian Fitzpatrick]], Pennsylvania *[[Richard Hudson (American politician)|Richard Hudson]], North Carolina |- !Executive branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 115th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Chair'' *[[John Boozman]], Arkansas *[[Cory Gardner]], Colorado *[[Marco Rubio]], Florida *[[Thom Tillis]], North Carolina |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Tom Udall]], New Mexico *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Michael C. Burgess|Michael Burgess]], Texas *[[Randy Hultgren]], Illinois *[[Richard Hudson (American politician)|Richard Hudson]], North Carolina |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee *[[Sheila Jackson Lee]], Texas *[[Gwen Moore]], Wisconsin |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 114th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Co-Chair'' *[[John Boozman]], Arkansas *[[Richard Burr]], North Carolina *''2 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Tom Udall]], New Mexico *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Chair'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Michael C. Burgess|Michael Burgess]], Texas *[[Randy Hultgren]], Illinois *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee *[[Alan Grayson]], Florida *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Arun M. Kumar|Arun Kumar]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Elissa Slotkin]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 113th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Chair'' *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island *[[Tom Udall]], New Mexico *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Richard Blumenthal|Dick Blumenthal]], Connecticut |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Saxby Chambliss]], Georgia *[[John Boozman]], Arkansas *''1 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Phil Gingrey]], Georgia *[[Michael C. Burgess|Michael Burgess]], Texas |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York *[[Mike McIntyre]], North Carolina *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Alexander Vershbow]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] {{small|(until July 2013)}} *[[Michael Posner (lawyer)|Michael Posner]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] {{small|(until March 2013)}} |} ;Commissioners, 112th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island *[[Tom Udall]], New Mexico *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Richard Blumenthal|Dick Blumenthal]], Connecticut |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Saxby Chambliss]], Georgia *[[Kelly Ayotte]], New Hampshire *[[Marco Rubio]], Florida |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Chair'' *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Phil Gingrey]], Georgia *[[Michael C. Burgess|Michael Burgess]], Texas |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York *[[Mike McIntyre]], North Carolina *[[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]], Tennessee |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Michael Camuñez]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] {{small|(until February 2012)}} *[[Alexander Vershbow]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Michael Posner (lawyer)|Michael Posner]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 111th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Chair'' *[[Chris Dodd]], Connecticut *[[Jeanne Shaheen]], New Hampshire *[[Sheldon Whitehouse]], Rhode Island *[[Tom Udall]], New Mexico |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Sam Brownback]], Kansas, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Saxby Chambliss]], Georgia *[[Richard Burr]], North Carolina *[[Roger Wicker]], Mississippi |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York *[[Mike McIntyre]], North Carolina *[[G. K. Butterfield]], North Carolina |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Darrell Issa]], California |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Alexander Vershbow]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Michael Posner (lawyer)|Michael Posner]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 110th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin *[[Chris Dodd]], Connecticut *[[Hillary Clinton]], New York *[[John Kerry]], Massachusetts |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Sam Brownback]], Kansas, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Gordon H. Smith|Gordon Smith]], Oregon *[[Saxby Chambliss]], Georgia *[[Richard Burr]], North Carolina |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York *[[Mike McIntyre]], North Carolina *[[Hilda Solis]], California *[[G. K. Butterfield]], North Carolina |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Mike Pence]], Indiana |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[David Bohigian]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Mary Beth Long]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[David J. Kramer|David Kramer]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 109th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Sam Brownback]], Kansas, ''Chair'' *[[Richard Burr]], North Carolina *[[Saxby Chambliss]], Georgia *[[Gordon H. Smith|Gordon Smith]], Oregon *[[David Vitter]], Louisiana |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Hillary Clinton]], New York, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Chris Dodd]], Connecticut *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin *''Vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Mike Pence]], Indiana *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York *[[Mike McIntyre]], North Carolina |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 108th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]], Colorado, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Sam Brownback]], Kansas *[[Saxby Chambliss]], Georgia *[[Kay Bailey Hutchison]], Texas *[[Gordon H. Smith|Gordon Smith]], Oregon |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Hillary Clinton]], New York, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Chris Dodd]], Connecticut *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin *[[Bob Graham]], Florida |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Chair'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Anne Northup]], Kentucky *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York *[[Mike McIntyre]], North Carolina |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 107th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]], Colorado, ''Chair'' *[[Sam Brownback]], Kansas *[[Kay Bailey Hutchison]], Texas *[[Gordon H. Smith|Gordon Smith]], Oregon *[[George Voinovich]], Ohio |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Hillary Clinton]], New York, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Chris Dodd]], Connecticut *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin *[[Bob Graham]], Florida |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Robert Aderholt]], Alabama *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania *[[Zach Wamp]], Tennessee *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Alcee Hastings]], Florida *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[William H. Lash|William Lash]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Jack Dyer Crouch II|Jack Crouch]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Lorne Craner]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 106th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]], Colorado, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Spencer Abraham]], Michigan *[[Sam Brownback]], Kansas *[[Tim Hutchinson]], Arkansas *[[Kay Bailey Hutchison]], Texas |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Chris Dodd]], Connecticut, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin *[[Bob Graham]], Florida *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Chair'' *[[Michael Forbes (politician)|Michael Forbes]], New York *[[James C. Greenwood|Jim Greenwood]], Pennsylvania *[[Matt Salmon]], Arizona *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia *[[Joe Pitts (Pennsylvania politician)|Joe Pitts]], Pennsylvania |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Patrick Mulloy]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Edward Wagner (civil servant)|Edward Wagner]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Harold Hongju Koh|Harold Koh]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 105th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Chair'' *[[Spencer Abraham]], Michigan *[[Conrad Burns]], Montana *[[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]], Colorado *[[Olympia Snowe]], Maine |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Bob Graham]], Florida *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey *[[Harry Reid]], Nevada |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Jon Lynn Christensen|Jon Christensen]], Nebraska *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois *[[Matt Salmon]], Arizona *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Louise Slaughter]], New York |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Ash Carter]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[John Shattuck]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 104th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Spencer Abraham]], Michigan *[[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]], Colorado *[[Dirk Kempthorne]], Idaho *[[Rick Santorum]], Pennsylvania |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Russ Feingold]], Wisconsin, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Bob Graham]], Florida *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey *[[Harry Reid]], Nevada |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Chair'' *[[David Funderburk]], North Carolina *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois *[[Matt Salmon]], Arizona *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Bill Richardson]], New Mexico |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Charles Meissner]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Ash Carter]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[John Shattuck]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 103rd Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dennis DeConcini]], Arizona, ''Chair'' *[[Bob Graham]], Florida *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey *[[Barbara Mikulski]], Maryland *[[Harry Reid]], Nevada |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Chuck Grassley]], Iowa *[[Connie Mack III|Connie Mack]], Florida *[[Arlen Specter]], Pennsylvania |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Ben Cardin]], Maryland *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Frank McCloskey]], Indiana *[[Bill Richardson]], New Mexico |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Hamilton Fish IV|Hamilton Fish]], New York *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Charles Meissner]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Ash Carter]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[John Shattuck]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 102nd Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dennis DeConcini]], Arizona, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Wyche Fowler]], Georgia *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey *[[Harry Reid]], Nevada *[[Tim Wirth]], Colorado |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Larry Craig]], Idaho *[[John Heinz]], Pennsylvania {{small|(until April 1991)}} *[[Arlen Specter]], Pennsylvania {{small|(from April 1991)}} *''1 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland, ''Chair'' *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida *[[Ed Feighan]], Ohio *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Bill Richardson]], New Mexico |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]], Pennsylvania *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[William Fritts]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Stephen Hadley]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Patricia Diaz Dennis]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 101st Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dennis DeConcini]], Arizona, ''Chair'' *[[Wyche Fowler]], Georgia *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey *[[Harry Reid]], Nevada *[[Tim Wirth]], Colorado |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[John Heinz]], Pennsylvania *[[James A. McClure|James McClure]], Idaho *[[Malcolm Wallop]], Wyoming |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida *[[Ed Feighan]], Ohio *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Bill Richardson]], New Mexico |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]], Pennsylvania *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey *[[Frank Wolf (politician)|Frank Wolf]], Virginia |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[William Fritts]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Stephen Hadley]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Patricia Diaz Dennis]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 100th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dennis DeConcini]], Arizona, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Wyche Fowler]], Georgia *[[Frank Lautenberg]], New Jersey *[[Harry Reid]], Nevada *[[Tim Wirth]], Colorado |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Ranking Member'' *[[John Heinz]], Pennsylvania *[[James A. McClure|James McClure]], Idaho *[[Malcolm Wallop]], Wyoming |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland, ''Chair'' *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida *[[Ed Feighan]], Ohio *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Bill Richardson]], New Mexico |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Jack Kemp]], New York, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois *[[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]], Pennsylvania *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Louis Laun]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Ronald F. Lehman|Ronald Lehman]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Richard Schifter]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 99th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Chair'' *[[John Heinz]], Pennsylvania *[[Gordon J. Humphrey|Gordon Humphrey]], New Hampshire *[[James A. McClure|James McClure]], Idaho *[[Malcolm Wallop]], Wyoming |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dennis DeConcini]], Arizona, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]], Vermont *[[Russell B. Long|Russell Long]], Louisiana *[[Claiborne Pell]], Rhode Island |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Steny Hoyer]], Maryland, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *[[Tim Wirth]], Colorado *[[Sidney R. Yates|Sidney Yates]], Illinois |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Jack Kemp]], New York, ''Ranking Member'' *[[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]], Illinois *[[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]], Pennsylvania *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *''Vacant'', [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Richard Perle]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Richard Schifter]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 98th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dennis DeConcini]], Arizona, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]], Vermont *[[Claiborne Pell]], Rhode Island *''2 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Al D'Amato]], New York, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Orrin Hatch]], Utah *[[John Heinz]], Pennsylvania *''1 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Sidney R. Yates|Sidney Yates]], Illinois *[[Tim Wirth]], Colorado *[[Ed Markey]], Massachusetts *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]], Pennsylvania, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]], New Jersey *''2 vacant'' |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Alfred H. Kingon|Alfred Kingon]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Richard Perle]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Elliott Abrams]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 97th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Bob Dole]], Kansas, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Al D'Amato]], New York *[[Orrin Hatch]], Utah *[[John Heinz]], Pennsylvania *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]], Vermont, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Claiborne Pell]], Rhode Island *''2 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Jonathan Brewster Bingham|Jonathan Bingham]], New York *[[Tim Wirth]], Colorado *[[Sidney R. Yates|Sidney Yates]], Illinois *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Millicent Fenwick]], New Jersey, ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]], Pennsylvania *''2 vacant'' |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[William Morris (civil servant)|William Morris]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[Richard Perle]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Stephen Palmer (diplomat)|Stephen Palmer]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] {{small|(until May 1981)}} *[[Elliott Abrams]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] {{small|(from May 1981)}} |} ;Commissioners, 96th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Claiborne Pell]], Rhode Island, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]], Vermont *[[George McGovern]], South Dakota *[[Richard Stone (politician)|Richard Stone]], Florida *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Bob Dole]], Kansas, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Jacob Javits]], New York *''2 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Jonathan Brewster Bingham|Jonathan Bingham]], New York *[[Paul Simon (politician)|Paul Simon]], Illinois *[[Sidney R. Yates|Sidney Yates]], Illinois *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[John Hall Buchanan Jr.|John Buchanan]], Alabama ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Millicent Fenwick]], New Jersey *''2 vacant'' |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Herta Seidman]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[David E. McGiffert|David McGiffert]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Patricia M. Derian|Patt Derian]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 95th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Claiborne Pell]], Rhode Island, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Dick Clark (senator)|Dick Clark]], Iowa *[[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]], Vermont *[[Richard Stone (politician)|Richard Stone]], Florida *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Clifford P. Case|Clifford Case]], New Jersey, ''Ranking Member'' *[[Bob Dole]], Kansas *''2 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Jonathan Brewster Bingham|Jonathan Bingham]], New York *[[Paul Simon (politician)|Paul Simon]], Illinois *[[Sidney R. Yates|Sidney Yates]], Illinois *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[John Hall Buchanan Jr.|John Buchanan]], Alabama ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Millicent Fenwick]], New Jersey *''2 vacant'' |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Frank Weil (civil servant)|Frank Weil]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[David E. McGiffert|David McGiffert]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Patricia M. Derian|Patt Derian]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} ;Commissioners, 94th Congress {| class=wikitable ! !Majority !Minority |- !Senate members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Claiborne Pell]], Rhode Island, ''Co-Chair'' *[[Dick Clark (senator)|Dick Clark]], Iowa *[[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]], Vermont *[[Richard Stone (politician)|Richard Stone]], Florida *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[Clifford P. Case|Clifford Case]], New Jersey, ''Ranking Member'' *[[James L. Buckley|James Buckley]], New York *''2 vacant'' |- !House members |valign="top" {{party shading/Democratic}}| *[[Dante Fascell]], Florida, ''Chair'' *[[Jonathan Brewster Bingham|Jonathan Bingham]], New York *[[Paul Simon (politician)|Paul Simon]], Illinois *[[Sidney R. Yates|Sidney Yates]], Illinois *''1 vacant'' |valign="top" {{party shading/Republican}}| *[[John Hall Buchanan Jr.|John Buchanan]], Alabama ''Vice Ranking Member'' *[[Millicent Fenwick]], New Jersey *''2 vacant'' |- !Executive Branch |colspan=2 | *[[Mansfield Sprague]], [[United States Department of Commerce|Department of Commerce]] *[[James Poor]], [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] *[[Monroe Leigh]], [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] |} {{hidden end}} ==Historical leadership== {|class="wikitable" !Term start !Term end !Chair !Co-Chair !Ranking Member !Vice Ranking Member |- |1976 |1979 |rowspan=4 {{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Dante Fascell]] (D-FL) |rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Claiborne Pell]] (D-RI) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Clifford P. Case|Clifford Case]] (R-NJ) |rowspan=2 {{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[John Hall Buchanan Jr.|John Buchanan]] (R-AL) |- |1979 |1981 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Bob Dole]] (R-KS) |- |1981 |1983 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Bob Dole]] (R-KS) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Patrick Leahy|Pat Leahy]] (D-VT) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Millicent Fenwick]] (R-NJ) |- |1983 |1985 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Dennis DeConcini]] (D-AZ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Donald L. Ritter|Don Ritter]] (R-PA) |- |1985 |1987 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steny Hoyer]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Jack Kemp]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Dennis DeConcini]] (D-AZ) |- |1987 |1989 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steny Hoyer]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Dennis DeConcini]] (D-AZ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Jack Kemp]] (R-NY) |- |1989 |1991 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Dennis DeConcini]] (D-AZ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steny Hoyer]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]] (R-IL) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |- |1991 |1993 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steny Hoyer]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Dennis DeConcini]] (D-AZ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[John Porter (Illinois politician)|John Porter]] (R-IL) |- |1993 |1995 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Dennis DeConcini]] (D-AZ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steny Hoyer]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |- |1995 |1997 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Russ Feingold]] (D-WI) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |- |1997 |1999 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Al D'Amato]] (R-NY) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Russ Feingold]] (D-WI) |- |1999 |2001 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]] (R-CO) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Chris Dodd]] (D-CT) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |- |2001 |2003 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]] (R-CO) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Hillary Clinton]] (D-NY) |- |2003 |2005 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Ben Nighthorse Campbell|Ben Campbell]] (R-CO) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Hillary Clinton]] (D-NY) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |- |2005 |2007 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Sam Brownback]] (R-KS) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Hillary Clinton]] (D-NY) |- |2007 |2009 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Sam Brownback]] (R-KS) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |- |2009 |2011 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Sam Brownback]] (R-KS) |- |2011 |2013 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |- |2013 |2015 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |- |2015 |2017 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |- |2017 |2019 |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)|Chris Smith]] (R-NJ) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |- |2019 |2021 |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]] (R-SC) |- |rowspan=2 |2021 |rowspan=2 |2023 |{{party shading/Democratic}} rowspan=2 |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Alcee Hastings]] (D-FL) |{{party shading/Republican}} rowspan=2 |Rep. [[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]] (R-SC) |{{party shading/Republican}} rowspan=2 |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |- |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]] (D-TN) |- |2023 |present |{{party shading/Republican}} |Rep. [[Joe Wilson (American politician)|Joe Wilson]] (R-SC) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Sen. [[Ben Cardin]] (D-MD) |{{party shading/Republican}} |Sen. [[Roger Wicker]] (R-MS) |{{party shading/Democratic}} |Rep. [[Steve Cohen (politician)|Steve Cohen]] (D-TN) |} ==United States Code reference== '''Title 22, Chapter 45''' : '''Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe''' : :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe; establishment :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Function and duties of Commission :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Commission membership :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Testimony of witnesses, production of evidence; issuance of subpoena; administration of oaths :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Report relating to Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Commission report to Congress; periodic reports; expenditure of appropriations :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Appropriations for Commission :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Commission staff :[https://web.archive.org/web/20110203165414/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/22C45.txt]. Printing and binding costs ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[http://www.csce.gov/ Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe] {{United States congressional committees|state=collapsed}} {{US Joint Chairs}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:United States federal boards, commissions, and committees]] [[Category:Foreign relations of the United States]] [[Category:Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] [[Category:1975 establishments in the United States]]