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'''Germplasm Resources Information Network''' or '''GRIN''' is an online [[USDA]] [[National Genetic Resources Program]] software project to comprehensively manage the computer database for the holdings of all plant germplasm collected by the [[NPGS|National Plant Germplasm System]].<ref>{{cite book|author=National Research Council (U.S.)|author2=Committee on Managing Global Genetic Resources: Agricultural Imperatives|title=The U.S. National Plant Germplasm System|publisher=National Academies Press|year=1991|isbn=9780309043908|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-KiTB2eaCEC&pg=PA139|page=139}}</ref> GRIN has extended its role to manage information on the germplasm reposits of insect (invertebrate), microbial, and animal species (see [[#Sub-projects|sub-projects]]).<ref name=ars-aboutus/> ==Description== The site is a resource for identifying [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] information (scientific names) as well as common names<ref name=floristic>{{cite book|last=Lipscomb|first=Barney L.|last2=Pipoly|first2=John James|last3=Sanders|first3=Roger William |title=Floristics in the New Millennium: Proceedings of the Flora of the Southeast US Symposium|volume=18|publisher=BRIT Press|year=2000|isbn= 9781889878041|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GUWx4g0Sii0C&pg=PA90|page=90}}</ref> on more than 500,000 accessions (distinct [[variety (botany)|varieties]], [[cultivars]] etc.) of plants covering 10,000 species;<ref name=evolving>{{cite book|last=Miller|first=William|last2=Pellen|first2=Rita M.|title=Evolving Internet Reference Resources|volume=1|publisher=Psychology Press |year=2006|isbn=9780789030252|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RKRmH6aIN2gC&pg=PA386 |page=386}} It gives 450,000 accessions (outdated; GRIN gives 500,000 as of June 2012).</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/acc/acc_queries.html|title=Accession Area Queries|work=Germplasm Resources Information Network|access-date=June 30, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527115334/http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/acc/acc_queries.html|archive-date=May 27, 2012|df=mdy-all}} It gives 500,000 accessions.</ref> both economically important ones<ref name=floristic/> and wild species. It profiles plants that are invasive or noxious weeds,<ref name=floristic/> threatened or endangered,<ref name=floristic/> giving out data on worldwide distribution<ref name=floristic/> of its habitat; as well as passport information.<ref name=barley>{{cite book|last=Ullrich|first=Steven E.|title=Barley: Production, Improvement, and Uses|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2011|isbn=9780813801230|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4nFfyy66UioC&pg=PA149| page=149}}</ref> GRIN also incorporates an Economic Plants Database.<ref name=floristic/> The network is maintained by GRIN's Database Management Unit (GRIN/DBMU).<ref name=ars-aboutus>{{cite web|url=http://www.ars.usda.gov/AboutUs/AboutUs.htm?modecode=12-75-15-00|date=May 11, 2009|title=About us|work=Agricultural Resource Service|access-date=June 30, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527171658/http://www.ars.usda.gov/AboutUs/AboutUs.htm?modecode=12-75-15-00|archive-date=May 27, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> GRIN is under the oversight of National Germplasm Resources Laboratory (NGRL) in [[Beltsville, Maryland]],<ref name=barley/> which in 1990 replaced its forerunner, the Germplasm Services Laboratory (GSL),<ref name=ars-aboutus/> that had formerly run GRIN.<ref name=usnpgs>{{cite book|author=National Research Council (U.S.).|author2=Committee on Managing Global Genetic Resources: Agricultural Imperatives|title=The U.S. National Plant Germplasm System|publisher=National Academies Press|year=1991|isbn=9780309043908|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-KiTB2eaCEC&pg=PA96|pages=6, 96}}</ref> Since November, 2015 GRIN has been running on GRIN-Global software produced by a collaborative project between the USDA and the [[Global Crop Diversity Trust]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.grin-global.org/ |title=GRIN-Global |access-date=March 31, 2020}}</ref> ==Sub-projects== A stated mission of GRIN is to support the following projects:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/aboutgrin.html|title=About GRIN|work=Germplasm Resources Information Network|access-date=June 30, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509181203/http://www.ars-grin.gov/aboutgrin.html|archive-date=May 9, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> * [[National Plant Germplasm System]] (NPGS) * [[National Animal Germplasm Program]] (NAGP) * National Microbial Germplasm Program (NMGP) * National Invertebrate Germplasm Program (NIGP) ==See also== * [[International Plant Names Index]] * [[List of electronic Floras]] (for online flora databases) * [[Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database]] * [[Natural Resources Conservation Service]] ==References== {{Reflist|3}} ==External links== {{Wikidata property|P1421}} * {{Official website|https://www.ars-grin.gov/}} * The NRCS also maintains the [http://plants.usda.gov/about_plants.html PLANT database] {{authority control}} [[Category:Genetics organizations]] [[Category:United States Department of Agriculture]] [[Category:Biodiversity databases]] [[Category:Online taxonomy databases]] [[Category:Year of establishment missing]]
