View source for Federal Bureau of Narcotics

{{Short description|Defunct agency of the US Department of the Treasury}}
{{About||the Australian bureau|Australian Federal Police}}
{{distinguish|Central Bureau of Narcotics|Central Narcotics Bureau}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name     = Federal Bureau of Narcotics
| motto           = 
| seal            = File:First Official Badge of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics.png
| seal_width      = 
| seal_caption    = First metal stamp of the FBN
| logo            = File:FBN Agent Badge.png
| logo_width      = 
| logo_caption    = Badge carried by Special Agents
| picture         = 
| picture_width   = 
| picture_caption = 
| formed          = {{Start date and age|1930|6|14}}
| preceding1      = [[Federal Narcotics Control Board]]
| preceding2      = [[Bureau of Prohibition|Narcotics Division]]
| dissolved       = 1968
| superseding1    = [[Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs]]
| superseding2    = [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives]]
| superseding3    = [[Drug Enforcement Administration]]
| jurisdiction    = [[Federal government of the United States|U.S. Government]]
| headquarters    = [[Washington, D.C.]]
| employees       = 
| budget          = 
| chief1_name     = [[Levi G. Nutt]]
| chief1_position = Acting Commissioner, 1930-1930
| chief2_name     = [[Harry J. Anslinger]]
| chief2_position = Commissioner, 1930-1962
| chief3_name     = [[Henry Giordano]]
| chief3_position = Commissioner, 1962-1968
| chief4_name     = [[Malachi Harney]]
| chief4_position = Assistant Commissioner, 1936-1956
| chief5_name     = 
| chief5_position = 
| chief6_name     = 
| chief6_position = 
| chief7_name     = 
| chief7_position = 
| chief8_name     = 
| chief8_position = 
| chief9_name     = 
| chief9_position = 
| parent_department = 
| parent_agency   = [[United States Department of the Treasury|Department of the Treasury]]
| website         = 
}}
[[File:FBN Credential.png|thumb|279x279px|Credential used by FBN special agent Robert S. Obrien]]
The '''Federal Bureau of Narcotics''' ('''FBN''') was an agency of the [[United States Department of the Treasury]], with the enumerated powers of pursuing crimes related to the possession, distribution, and trafficking of listed narcotics including cannabis, opium, cocaine, and their derivatives.<ref name=":0" /> Headquartered in [[Washington, D.C.]], the FBN carried out operations and missions around the world.<ref name=":7" /> The bureau was in existence from its establishment in 1930 until its dissolution in 1968. FBN is considered a predecessor to the [[Drug Enforcement Administration]].<ref name=":11" />

==History==
The FBN was established on June 14, 1930, consolidating the functions of the [[Federal Narcotics Control Board]] and the [[Bureau of Prohibition|Bureau of Prohibition (BOI) Narcotic Division]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Narcotics Enforcement In The 1930s |url=https://museum.dea.gov/exhibits/online-exhibits/anslinger/narcotics-enforcement-1930s |website=Drug Enforcement Administration Museum}}</ref> These preceding bureaus were established to assume enforcement responsibilities assigned to the [[Harrison Narcotics Tax Act]] of 1914 and the [[Wesley Livsey Jones|Jones]]–[[John Franklin Miller (representative)|Miller]] [[Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act]] of 1922.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 August 2016 |title=Records of the Drug Enforcement Administration [DEA] |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/170.html#170.3}}</ref>

=== Levi Nutt ===
The Federal Bureau of Narcotics was the brainchild of [[Levi G. Nutt|Colonel Levi G. Nutt]], who had for two decades been the head of the [[Bureau of Prohibition|Bureau of Prohibition Narcotics Division]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mabry |first=Donald J. |title=The Latin American Narcotics Trade and U.S. National Security |publisher=Greenwood Press |year=1989}}</ref> In June of 1930, Nutt was appointed by President Hoover to be the first Commissioner of Narcotics.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jones |first=Mark (Gerald Mark) |url=https://archive.org/details/criminaljusticep0000jone/mode/1up?q=%22Levi+Nutt%22&view=theater |title=Criminal justice pioneers in U.S. history |date=2005 |publisher=Boston : Pearson Allyn and Bacon |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-205-35919-6}}</ref> He was a registered pharmacist, and led the Division to the arrest of tens of thousands of drug addicts and dealers in the [[Prohibition era]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Study |first=Institute of Medicine (US) Committee for the Substance Abuse Coverage |title=A Century of American Narcotic Policy |date=1992 |work=Treating Drug Problems: Volume 2: Commissioned Papers on Historical, Institutional, and Economic Contexts of Drug Treatment |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234755/ |access-date=2024-08-19 |publisher=National Academies Press (US) |language=en |last2=Gerstein |first2=Dean R. |last3=Harwood |first3=Henrick J.}}</ref> However, Nutt was hit with a scandal that rocked him.<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |date=January 1, 2020 |title=The Roaring Twenties |url=https://museum.dea.gov/exhibits/online-exhibits/anslinger/roaring-twenties |website=DEA Museum}}</ref> In February 1930, after the investigation was concluded, a grand jury found no criminal impairment of Narcotics Division activities, but the flak was too much for the government.<ref name=":04" /> In March 1930, Nutt was demoted to Field Supervisor.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tri-County News 28 March 1930 — Virginia Chronicle: Digital Newspaper Archive |url=https://virginiachronicle.com/?a=d&d=TCNE19300328.1.1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------- |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=virginiachronicle.com}}</ref> In September, his duties were passed on to [[Harry J. Anslinger]], the future Commissioner of the FBN.<ref name=":04" />

=== Fallen Officers ===
Source:<ref>{{Cite web |title=United States Department of the Treasury - Bureau of Narcotics, US |url=https://www.odmp.org/agency/5713-united-states-department-of-the-treasury-bureau-of-narcotics-us-government |access-date=2024-08-17 |website=The Officer Down Memorial Page (ODMP)}}</ref>
# Special Agent Mansel Ross Burrell. December 19, 1967. Gunfire.
# Special Agent Wilson Michael Shee. December 12, 1957. Gunfire
# District Supervisor Anker Marius Bangs. September 24, 1950. Gunfire. 
# Agent Andrew P. Sanderson. September 23, 1944. Automobile crash.
# Inspector Spencer Stafford. Thursday, February 7, 1935. Gunfire.
# Agent John W. Crozier. November 16, 1934. Automobile crash.

=== Harry Anslinger ===
[[Harry J. Anslinger]] was the "personification of the antinarcotic regime," and ran the bureau for the majority of its existence. He had been the Assistant Commissioner of the [[Bureau of Prohibition]] and took over the Bureau's Narcotic Division in 1929.<ref name=":12" />

With the establishment of the FBN a year later, Anslinger was appointed the first Narcotics Commissioner of the United States by [[Andrew Mellon|Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon]].<ref name=":12" />

Under Anslinger, the FBN lobbied for harsh penalties for drug usage.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last1=McWilliams |first1=John C. |last2=Lutz |first2=Charles H. |last3=Fearns |first3=Sean |date=15 October 2014 |title=Standing In The Shadows: The Legacy Of Harry J. Anslinger, First Commissioner Of Narcotics |url=https://museum.dea.gov/video-archive/standing-shadows-Anslinger |access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=TRANSCRIPT: Standing in the Shadows |url=https://museum.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/Standing%20in%20the%20Shadows%2010152014--Accessible.pdf}}</ref> He had little regard for addicts, saying once: "The best cure for addiction? Never let it happen."<ref name=":12" /> This problematic slogan is similar to the phrase "[[Just Say No|just say no]]." He is also quoted as saying: "We intend to get the killer-pushers and their willing customers out of selling and buying drugs... The answer to the problem is simple—get rid of drugs, pushers and users. Period."<ref name=":12" />

This approach treated all users equally, and did not differentiate casual usage from clinically defined addiction. According to Anslinger, all usage of narcotics was a criminal act.<ref name=":12" />

=== The Drug War ===
The FBN is credited for criminalizing drugs such as [[Cannabis (drug)|marijuana]] with the [[1937 Marijuana Tax Act|Marijuana Tax Act of 1937]], as well as strengthening the [[Harrison Narcotics Tax Act|Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914]]. Even so, the main focus of the FBN was fighting [[opium]] and [[heroin]] smuggling. One instance against opium was the [[Opium Poppy Control Act of 1942]].<ref name=":7">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5U4PGMlFkacC&q=the+opium+poppy+control+act+of+1942+.gov&pg=PA149|title=The Traffic in Narcotics|first1=Harry Jacob|last1=Anslinger|first2=William F.|last2=Tompkins|date=1 January 1980|publisher=Arno Press|isbn=9780405135675|via=Google Books}}</ref>

[[Malachi Harney]], Assistant Commissioner of the FBN, wrote in an article for the [[University of California Press]] on the enumerated powers of the agency:

<blockquote>"It should be borne in mind that the Bureau are confined to a rather narrow range of specifically [[Enumerated powers (United States)|enumerated]] drugs. These are [[opium]]... [[alkaloid]]s and derivatives of opium (including such products as [[morphine]], [[heroin]], codine, [[Hydromorphone|dilaudid]]), and [[Opioid|semisynthetic derivatives of opium]]... wholly synthetic substances... [[opiate]]s... the [[Coca|coca leaf]] and its derivatives ([[cocaine]])... [[Cannabis (drug)|marihuana]]... [[cannabis]]... The Federal Bureau of Narcotics ''does not'' have responsibilities in connection with many other chemicals generally described as dangerous drugs such as... [[barbiturate]]s, [[Substituted amphetamine|amphetamines]], [[Sedative|tranquilizers]]... [[hallucinogen]]s..."<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Harney |first=Malachi L. |date= |title=The U.S. Bureau of Narcotics |url=https://online.ucpress.edu/currenthistory/article-abstract/53/311/23/181837/The-U-S-Bureau-of-Narcotics?redirectedFrom=fulltext |journal=Current History |volume=53 |issue=311 |via=University of California Press}}</ref></blockquote>In this article, Harney defined marijuana as being the ground substance of the plant called cannabis.<ref name=":0" /> Marijuana was not originally intended by the agency as a word to refer to the cannabis plant.<ref name=":0" />

=== Billie Holiday ===
[[File:Billie Holiday 1947 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Billie Holiday singing in 1947]]
FBN Special Agent [[George Hunter White]] arrested jazz singer [[Billie Holiday]] at the Mark Twin Hotel in [[San Francisco]].<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Hari |first=Johann |date=17 January 2015 |title=The Hunting of Billie Holiday: How Lady Day was in the middle of a Federal Bureau of Narcotics fight for survival |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/01/drug-war-the-hunting-of-billie-holiday-114298/ |website=[[Politico]]}}</ref> At a conference of the DEA in 2014, historian John C. McWilliams presented the evidence that White consumed most of the narcotics he was pursuing. <ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> He was most likely high when he arrested Holiday for possession. <ref name=":10" />

Years later, in 1959, Holiday died in police custody, handcuffed to a hospital bed and surrounded by FBN agents.<ref name=":10" /> The agents did not allow her to see family or friends, and denied her doctors from administering methodone.<ref name=":10" />

=== World War II and the OSS ===
When [[World War II]] broke out in Europe in 1939, [[William J. Donovan]], [[Millard Preston Goodfellow]], and [[David K. E. Bruce]] requested a list of names from Commissioner Anslinger to use in the effort against the Axis powers in their new wartime intelligence agency - what was at that time called the [[Office of the Coordinator of Information]] (COI), the direct precursor to the [[Office of Strategic Services]] (OSS), and what would eventually become the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA).<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=2021-09-21 |title=OSS Agents: Kill or be Killed |url=https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/kill-or-be-killed/ |access-date=2024-06-30 |website=Warfare History Network |language=en-US}}</ref>

FBN special agents that were loaned to special duty at COI/OSS include [[George Hunter White]] and [[Garland H. Williams]], among others.<ref name=":8" /> These men were sent to attend training at a British [[Special Operations Executive]] training camp outside of Toronto, Canada, called [[Camp X]].<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=OSS: LTC Ellery Huntington's Staff |url=https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/02730858 |access-date=2024-06-27 |website=www.cia.gov}}</ref> White is quoted as calling this the "school of mayhem and murder."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mcintosh |first=Alex |title=Camp X and the Birth of the CIA |publisher=[[BBC]] |year=2014 |location=United Kingdom}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1970-01-01 |title=How Camp X Worked |url=https://science.howstuffworks.com/camp-x.htm |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=HowStuffWorks |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-05-04 |title=A Terrible Mistake: H.P. Albarelli's Investigation into CIA Scientist's Murder, at the Crossroads of Mind Control and Assassination |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/a-terrible-mistake-hp-alb_b_485774 |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=HuffPost |language=en}}</ref>

In the Spring of that year, White became one of the cadre of instructors at the COI schoolhouses in Washington, D.C. under the command of his FBN Supervisor and COI Training Director [[Garland H. Williams]], where he taught counterintelligence to hundreds of would-be and hopeful undercover operatives and guerrilla warfighters.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title="Wild Bill" Donovan and the Origins of the OSS (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/wild-bill-donovan-and-the-origins-of-the-oss.htm |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> Those operatives and operators who were successful were then deployed all around the world to fight the Axis powers.<ref name=":5" />

Another effort that OSS and the FBN undertook during the war was the pursuit of the Nazi "truth drug," or "T drug," and the two agencies collaborated in experiments on unwitting American citizens to see the effects of certain narcotics.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> These experiments primarily targeted gangsters, pimps, prostitutes, and other "undesirable" classes of American citizens.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" />  FBN agents would dose their targets with narcotics against their knowledge, and document what would happen over the course of several months to years.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> These experiments would eventually become a part of [[Operation Midnight Climax]], part of the umbrella [[MKUltra]] program, managed by FBN special agent George Hunter White and CIA chemist [[Sidney Gottlieb]]. <ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=9 September 2019 |title=Fresh Air: The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief' |url=https://www.npr.org/transcripts/758989641 |website=National Public Radio}}</ref> These experiments lasted into the 1960s, and are allegedly responsible for the death of [[Frank Olson]]. 

=== The French Connection ===
In 1934, an FBN field report indicated that heroin in [[New York City|New York]] was being distributed from [[Corsica]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=November 6, 2014 |title=Targeting The Mafia: FBN, Organized Crime, And Drugs |url=https://museum.dea.gov/video-archive/targeting-the-mafia-fbn |website=DEA Museum}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=TRANSCRIPT: "Targeting The Mafia: FBN, Organized Crime, And Drugs" |url=https://museum.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/Targeting%20the%20Mafia%2011062014--Accessible.pdf}}</ref> The "connection" refers to the relationship between the [[Corsican mafia|Corsican Brotherhood]] and the [[Sicilian Mafia]]. The FBN was the major American federal law enforcement agency responsible for uncovering the networks of the [[French Connection]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":6" />

By the 1950s and 1960s, over 80 percent of all heroin consumed in the United States was originated in Southern France, distributed by the [[Unione Corse]]. These drugs were shipped to the USA through Cuba.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":6" /> FBN agents were routinely sent to Cuba during the 50s, and FBN undercover operative [[Jacques Voignier]] was stationed in Cuba with the dual assignment to gather information for the CIA on an unknown Cuban operator named Fidel Castro.<ref name=":32">{{Cite book |last=Albarelli |first=H. P. |url=http://archive.org/details/terriblemistake00hpal |title=A terrible mistake : the murder of Frank Olson, and the CIA's secret cold war experiments |date=2009 |publisher=Walterville, OR : Trine Day ; Chicago, Ill. : Distribution to the trade byIndependent Publishers Group |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-9777953-7-6}}</ref>

=== Lucky Luciano ===
[[File:Lucky Luciano mugshot 1931.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Lucky Luciano mugshot]]
FBN agents immediately resumed to full-time status at the end of the war, and Anslinger gave Garland H. Williams and George Hunter White the assignment to track down and bring to justice [[Lucky Luciano]] - the Italian Chicago mob boss that the OSS and the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] (ONI) had heavily depended on to guarantee safety of shipbuilding in Chicago and New York.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite news |last=Sharkey |first=Joe |date=1998-12-13 |title=Word for Word/Lucky Luciano; How to Get Ahead by Busting Heads, Breaking Fingers and Dressing Neatly |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/13/weekinreview/word-for-word-lucky-luciano-get-ahead-busting-heads-breaking-fingers-dressing.html |access-date=2024-06-30 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ONI and OSS during the war had also used Luciano as an asset to ensure protection of American forces by the Italian criminal underworld as they invaded the country and advanced northward against the Germans.<ref name=":9" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=1947-02-22 |title=U.S. Ends Narcotic Sales to Cuba While Luciano Is Resident There – Luciano Costs Cuba Its U.S. Narcotics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/02/22/archives/us-ends-narcotic-sales-to-cuba-while-luciano-is-resident-there.html |access-date=2024-06-30 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Lucky Luciano had still been running his mob from behind bars, but the US granted him reduced sentence in 1945 for "wartime services to the country."<ref name=":9" /> Williams charged that three months after Luciano's return [to Italy] from Cuba in 1947, the first large shipment of heroin, worth $250,000, was smuggled into the United States. -- ''The Luciano Story''<ref name=":9" />

In 1950, special agent [[Charlie Siragusa|Charles Siragusa]] was assigned to take over the hunt for Luciano from White and Williams.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newark |first=Tim |title=Lucky Luciano: Mafia Murderer and Secret Agent |url=https://readerslibrary.org/wp-content/uploads/Lucky-Luciano.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Upi |date=1982-04-19 |title=Charles Siragusa, Ex-Agent; Took Action Against Luciano |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/19/obituaries/charles-siragusa-ex-agent-took-action-against-luciano.html |access-date=2024-07-10 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The hunt for Luciano would dominate the next decade of his life. On one particular occasion, Luciano was asked by a group of reporters what he would like for Christmas. His response was "Siragusa in a ton of cement!" <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Marks |first=John |date=1978 |title=Manchurian Candidate |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/abbottabad-compound/12/129E144131F2E093FB1E441C737ACF92_SearchForTheManchurianCandidate.rtf.pdf}}</ref> Luciano died in [[Naples]] from a heart attack before Siragusa could bring a case against him. Siragusa later starred as himself in the 1973 film [[Lucky Luciano (film)|Lucky Luciano]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Charles Siragusa {{!}} Additional Crew |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0802730/ |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=IMDb |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Overseas offices ===
The FBN over time established several offices overseas in;

* [[France]]
* [[Italy]]
* [[Turkey]]
* [[Beirut]]
* [[Thailand]]<ref name="White George papers">{{Cite web |title=White (George) papers |url=https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf6k40059b/entire_text/ |access-date=2024-06-30 |website=oac.cdlib.org}}</ref>

Other hotspots of international narcotics smuggling also maintained offices.<ref name="White George papers" />

These internationally deployed special agents (never totaling more than 17 at one time) cooperated with local drug enforcement agencies in gathering intelligence on smugglers and also made [[undercover]] busts locally.<ref name="White George papers" />

=== Vietnam War ===
The work against heroin and opium was however hamstrung by US [[foreign policy]] considerations: during the [[Vietnam War]] for instance great importance was placed on investigating minor Vietnamese smugglers that could be connected to the resistance while investigations of large scale smugglers from the US ally Thailand were left unfinished.<ref name=":12">{{Citation |title=A Century of American Narcotic Policy |date=1992 |work=Treating Drug Problems: Volume 2: Commissioned Papers on Historical, Institutional, and Economic Contexts of Drug Treatment |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234755/ |access-date=2024-08-16 |publisher=National Academies Press (US) |language=en |last1=Gerstein |first1=Dean R. |last2=Harwood |first2=Henrick J.}}</ref>

=== Dissolution ===
Anslinger retired in 1962 and was succeeded by [[Henry Giordano]], who was the commissioner of the FBN until it was merged in 1968 with the [[Bureau of Drug Abuse Control]], an agency of the [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA), to form the [[Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs]], an agency of the United States Department of Justice and a predecessor agency of the current [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], which was established in 1973.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marijuana Timeline {{!}} Busted - America's War On Marijuana |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/dope/etc/cron.html |access-date=2022-12-16 |website=www.pbs.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-06 |title=Department of Justice {{!}} Drug Enforcement Administration {{!}} United States Department of Justice |url=https://www.justice.gov/doj/organization-mission-and-functions-manual-drug-enforcement-administration |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=www.justice.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=21 USC Ch. 5A: Bureau of Narcotics |url=https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title21/chapter5A&edition=prelim |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=uscode.house.gov}}</ref>

==Legal disputes== 
In ''[[Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents]]'', the FBN was sued for violating the 4th Amendment rights of Bivens, through the illegal search and seizure of drugs without a warrant.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/403/388 |title=Webster Bivens, Petitioner, v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics. &#124; Supreme Court &#124; US Law &#124; LII / Legal Information Institute |publisher=Law.cornell.edu |date= |accessdate=2022-05-09}}</ref>

==See also==

* ''[[Sherman v. United States]]'': A U.S. Supreme Court case involving the Bureau.
* [[List of United States federal law enforcement agencies]]
* [[Garland H. Williams]]
* [[George Hunter White]]
* [[Charlie Siragusa]]
* [[Jacques Voignier]]
* [[Malachi Harney]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}{{US Treasury agencies}}{{authority control}}

[[Category:Defunct agencies of the United States government]]
[[Category:United States Department of the Treasury agencies]]
[[Category:History of drug control|Federal Bureau of Narcotics]]
[[Category:Defunct federal law enforcement agencies of the United States]]
[[Category:Drugs in the United States]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1930]]
[[Category:1930 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:1968 disestablishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Government agencies disestablished in 1968]]