View source for Court of Federal Claims

{{Organization
|OrganizationName=Court of Federal Claims
|OrganizationType=Independent Agencies
|Mission=United States Court of Federal Claims reviews claims against the government, ensuring fair resolution of contract, tax, and constitutional disputes.
|CreationLegislation=Tucker Act of 1887
|Employees=200
|Budget=$30 million (fiscal year 2023)
|OrganizationExecutive=Chief Judge
|Services=Contract disputes; Property takings; Tax refunds; Vaccine injury compensation; Indian claims
|HeadquartersLocation=38.89983, -77.03457
|HeadquartersAddress=717 Madison Place NW, Washington, DC 20005
|Website=https://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov
}}
{{short description|Court that hears monetary claims against the U.S. government}}

The '''United States Court of Federal Claims''' (in [[case citations]], '''Fed. Cl.''' or '''C.F.C.''') is a [[United States federal courts|United States federal court]] that hears monetary claims against the [[Federal government of the United States|U.S. government]]. It was established by statute in 1982 as the '''United States Claims Court''', and took its current name in 1992. The court is the successor to trial division of the [[United States Court of Claims]], which was established in 1855.

The courthouse of the Court of Federal Claims is situated in the [[Howard T. Markey National Courts Building]] (on [[Madison Place]] across from the [[White House]]) in [[Washington, D.C.]],<ref>[http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/ United States Court of Federal Claims]</ref> but, for convenience, cases may be heard elsewhere in the country.<ref name=u28 />

== History ==
[[File:United States Court of Federal Claims.JPG|thumb|right|200px|United States Court of Federal Claims on [[Madison Place]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]]]

=== Court of Claims (1855–1982) ===
{{Main|United States Court of Claims}}
The court traces its origins directly back to 1855, when Congress established the [[United States Court of Claims]] to provide for the determination of private claims against the United States government. The legislation was signed into law on February 24, 1855, by President [[Franklin Pierce]]. Throughout its 160-year history, although it has undergone notable changes in name, size, scope of jurisdiction, and procedures, its purpose has remained the same: in this court, the federal government stands as the defendant and may be sued by citizens seeking monetary redress. For this reason, the court has been referred to as the "keeper of the nation's conscience" and "the People's Court".

As originally in 1855, the court lacked the essential judicial power to render final judgments. This oversight was resolved by legislation passed in 1866, in response to President Abraham Lincoln's insistence in his Annual Message to Congress in 1861 that "It is as much the duty of Government to render prompt justice against itself, in favor of citizens, as it is to administer the same, between private individuals."

In 1887, Congress passed the [[Tucker Act]], which significantly expanded the court's jurisdiction to include all claims against the government except tort, [[equity (law)|equity]], and admiralty claims. The court thus today has nationwide jurisdiction over most suits for monetary claims against the government and sits, without a jury, to determine issues of law and fact. The general jurisdiction of the court, described in 28 U.S.C. § 1491,<ref>{{usc|28|1491}}</ref> is over claims for just compensation for the taking of private property, refund of federal taxes, military and civilian pay and allowances, and damages for breaches of contracts with the government. The court also possesses jurisdiction over claims for patent and copyright infringement against the United States, as well as over certain suits by Indian tribes.

Additionally, the court has jurisdiction to hear both pre-award and post-award bid protest suits by unsuccessful bidders on government contracts.

A unique aspect of the court's jurisdiction throughout its history has been the authority to act on congressional references of legislative proposals for compensation of individual claims. As eventually codified in 28 U.S.C. § 1492,<ref>{{usc|28|1492}}</ref> either House of Congress may refer a bill to the Chief Judge of the court for an investigation and a report to Congress. A judge of the court is assigned to act as the hearing officer and preside over the judicial proceedings. Then a three-judge review panel submits a report to Congress for its consideration and disposition of such claims for compensation.

Befitting its unique role, the court has been located throughout its history in Washington, D.C., in the vicinity of the White House or in the U.S. Capitol Building. It first met in May 1855 at Willard's Hotel. In July of that year, it moved into the Capitol. After briefly using the Supreme Court's chamber in the basement of the Capitol, it then acquired its own rooms there. In 1879, the court obtained space on the ground floor of the Freedman's Bank Building, which stood at the place now occupied by the Treasury Annex, adjacent to the southeast corner of Lafayette Park. Two decades later, in 1899, the court moved to the building formerly occupied by William Corcoran's art collection across Lafayette Park at the intersection of 17th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue.

It remained there for 65 years. This building was designed by, and is presently named for, the architect James Renwick, who also designed the Smithsonian Institution's Castle on the National Mall and St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. When the facilities there were deemed inadequate by the mid-1950s, the court asked Congress for a new location. Eventually, the site at 717 Madison Place, NW, was chosen and the court moved to its present home on August 1, 1967.

The court's original composition of three judges was expanded to five in 1863. They would consider evidence proffered by claimants and weigh testimony taken by permanent or special commissioners employed by the court, who were dispersed across the United States. One of the first commissioners was [[Benjamin Harrison]] of Indiana, who would later become president.<ref>{{cite book| last=Cowen| first=Wilson| author-link=Arnold Wilson Cowen| author2=Philip Nichols, Jr.|author3= Marion T. Bennett |author3-link= Marion Tinsley Bennett| title=The United States Court of Claims: A History; Part II: Origin, Development, Jurisdiction, 1855–1978| publisher= Committee on the Bicentennial of Independence and the Constitution of the Judicial Conference of the United States| year=1978|location= Washington, D.C.|page = 92}}</ref> If oral argument was requested, the five judges would hear the case ''[[en banc#United States|en banc]]''. Appeal to the Supreme Court was by right if the amount in dispute was over $3,000. The growth in government caused by and coinciding with World War I made the system unworkable, as the number of filed cases increased considerably. In 1925, legislation enacted by Congress at the request of the court created a separate trial division of seven commissioners and elevated the five judges to an appellate role. Initially, the trial commissioners would function as [[special master]]s in [[Court of equity|chancery]] and conduct formal proceedings either at the court's home in Washington, D.C., or elsewhere in the United States in a court facility amenable to the parties. The trial procedures evolved to resemble a non-jury civil trial in district court.

In 1948, the commissioners were authorized to make recommendations for conclusions of law. The number of commissioners was increased in 1953 to 15. In 1966, Congress provided that there would be seven appellate judges to be appointed by the President with life tenure. In 1973, the title of the commissioners was changed to trial judge and by 1977, the Court of Claims had 16 trial judges who conducted trials of cases in the first instance. Judgments, which are required to be paid out of appropriations by Congress, were originally paid by individual appropriations passed separately or as part of other appropriations bills. In 1955, Congress provided for a standing appropriation for judgments of $100,000 or less. Finally, in 1977, Congress created a permanent, indefinite appropriation for all judgments awarded by the court.

=== Current institution (since 1982) ===
The [[Federal Courts Improvement Act]] of 1982 created the modern court.<ref name="FCIA">(§105, §165 & §167, Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982,  P.L. 97-164, {{USStat|96|25}}, 50).</ref> While the appellate division of the Court of Claims was combined with the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals to comprise the new [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit]], the trial division of the Court of Claims became the United States Claims Court (and in 1992, the name was changed to the United States Court of Federal Claims).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/court_info/Court_History_Brochure.pdf|title=Court History Brochure}}</ref> Appeals from the Court of Federal Claims are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and a judgment there is conclusive unless reviewed by the Supreme Court on writ of certiorari. Decisions of the Court of Claims are binding precedent on both its appellate and trial court successors.

The court, as now constituted, consists of 16 judges, appointed by the president and subject to confirmation by the U.S. Senate for terms of 15 years. In addition, judges who have completed their statutory terms of office are authorized to continue to take cases as senior judges of the court. This ongoing tenure serves as a mechanism to ensure judicial impartiality and independence.

In recent years, the court's docket has been increasingly characterized by complex, high-dollar demands, and high-profile cases in such areas as, for example, the [[savings and loan crisis]] of the 1980s, the World War II internment of Japanese-Americans, and the federal repository of civilian spent nuclear fuel.

Nevertheless, despite the nature of the claim, the notability of the claimant, or the amount in dispute, the Court of Federal Claims acts as a clearing house when the government must settle with those it has legally wronged. As observed by former Chief Judge [[Loren A. Smith]], the court is the institutional scale that weighs the government's actions against the standard measure of the law and helps make concrete the spirit of the First Amendment's guarantee of the right "to petition the Government for redress of grievances".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/court_info/Court_History_Brochure.pdf |title=United States Court of Federal Claims: The People's Court |publisher=United States Court of Federal Claims Bar Association |access-date=June 12, 2008 |archive-date=September 16, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916074745/http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/court_info/Court_History_Brochure.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The [[National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act]] of 1986 gave the court the authority to create an Office of [[Special Master]]s to receive and hear certain vaccine injury cases, and the jurisdiction to review those cases.<ref>{{usc|42|300aa-12}}</ref> This vaccine injury jurisdiction has been enlarged in recent years to encompass claims stemming from a number of additional vaccines, including, for example, varicella, hepatitis B, and influenza.

Though a provision of the Administrative Dispute Resolution Act of 1996 gave the Court of Federal Claims and U.S. district courts concurrent jurisdiction over post-award protests, subsequent legislation provided that, as of January 2001, the United States Court of Federal Claims would be the exclusive judicial forum for post-award bid protest litigation.

In 2006, the court rendered judgments in more than 900 cases and awarded $1.8 billion in damages.

== Jurisdiction ==

The court has [[Limited jurisdiction|special jurisdiction]], spelled out in {{usc|28|1491}}: it hears claims for monetary damages<ref>[[Gregory Sisk]], Michael F. Noone, ''Litigation with the Federal Government'' (2006), p. 246: "Even today, the traditional money claim under the Tucker Act remains the grist for the Court of Federal Claims mill. The Court of Federal Claims does not have general authority to grant equitable remedies, such as injunctions or specific performance in contract".</ref> that arise from the [[United States Constitution]], [[Act of Congress|federal statutes]], executive regulations, or an express or [[implied in fact contract]] with the United States Government, most notably under the [[Tucker Act]]. The court is established pursuant to Congress's authority under [[Article One of the United States Constitution]]. The court has [[concurrent jurisdiction]] with [[United States district court|U.S. district courts]], when the claim is for less than $10,000, by the provisions of {{usc|28|1346}}. Claims have a [[statute of limitations]] of six years from the time the claim first accrues.<ref>{{usc|28|2501}}</ref>

The court has concurrent jurisdiction involving contracts with the federal government, where a contractor has the option of choosing between filing suit with the court or with the agency [[Board of Contract Appeals]]. The general rule is that a contractor may either 1) file suit within 90 days with the agency Board of Contract Appeals or 2) file suit within one year with the court. A contractor, however, must choose which forum in which to file; a contractor cannot file suit with both the agency Board and with the court. (However, in a case where a contractor has filed with the Board, and the Government challenges the timeliness of the filing – the 90-day limit is statutory and cannot be extended – the contractor can file with the court within the one-year period to protect its claims.)

Unlike district courts, which generally only have jurisdiction over disputes in their geographic district, the CFC has jurisdiction over disputes wherever they occur in the country. To accommodate litigants, judges on the court may hold trials at local courthouses near where the disputes arise.<ref name=u28>28 USC § 2505: "Any judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims may sit at any place within the United States to take evidence and enter judgment".</ref>

All trials at the court are [[bench trial]]s, without juries. Because the court only hears cases against the Government, the United States is always the defendant in cases before the CFC.

The court receives a variety of claims against the government, including [[breach of contract]] claims, illegal exaction claims, [[takings]] claims under the [[Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|5th Amendment]], claims involving [[United States Military Pay|military pay]], claims for [[Patent infringement under United States law|patent]] and [[copyright infringement]] against the government, federal tax refund claims, and protests regarding contract bidding procedures. According to the Court, tax refund suits make up a quarter of the claims brought before it, although the court exercises concurrent jurisdiction with United States district courts in this area.

Orders and judgments from the court are appealed to the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit]], which resides in the same building as the CFC.

This court does not have jurisdiction in claims arising under the [[Federal Tort Claims Act]], which are heard in the appropriate venue [[United States district court]], 28 USC § 1346(b)(1), nor judicial review of the decisions of the [[Board of Veterans' Appeals]] (Judicial review of those decisions is vested instead in the [[United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims]], appeals from which are to the Federal Circuit). Certain procedural differences accrue due to the different jurisdiction, e.g., under the FTCA, the statute of limitations runs two years from the date of the tortious occurrence, or six months from the final denial of administrative relief. See: [[Exhaustion of remedies]].

=== Congressional references ===

The court also may hear congressional reference cases, which are cases referred to the court by either house of Congress. The judge serving as hearing officer renders a report as to the case's merits, which is reviewed by a panel of judges formed for that purpose. The report is forwarded back to the chamber of Congress requesting it.<ref>{{usc|28|1492}}, {{usc|28|2509}}</ref>

== Judges ==

Unlike judges of courts established under [[Article Three of the United States Constitution]], judges on the Court of Federal Claims do not have [[life tenure]] (see [[Article I and Article III tribunals]]). Instead, they serve for 15-year terms<ref>{{usc|28|172}}</ref> and are eligible for reappointment. The [[President of the United States|President]] appoints the judges of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims with the [[United States Senate|Senate's]] [[advice and consent]].<ref>{{usc|28|171}}</ref> The judges are removable by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit for "incompetency, misconduct, neglect of duty, engaging in the practice of law, or physical or mental disability."<ref>{{usc|28|176(a)}}</ref>

== Current composition of the court ==
{{As of|2024|08|08|df=US}}:
{{start U.S. judgeship Current}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 50
 | title        = Chief Judge
 | name         = [[Elaine D. Kaplan]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1955
 | term         = 2013–present
 | chief term   = 2021–present
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = {{Ubl
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama|Obama]] (Judge)
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden|Biden]] (Chief Judge)
  }}
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 52
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Richard Hertling]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1960
 | term         = 2019–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 53
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Ryan T. Holte]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1983
 | term         = 2019–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 54
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[David A. Tapp]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1962
 | term         = 2019–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 55
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Matthew H. Solomson]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1974
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 56
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Eleni M. Roumel]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1974
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = 2020–2021
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 57
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Edward H. Meyers]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1972
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 58
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Kathryn C. Davis]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1978
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 59
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Zachary Somers]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1979
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 60
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Thompson M. Dietz]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1979
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 61
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Stephen S. Schwartz]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1983
 | term         = 2020–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 62
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Carolyn N. Lerner]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1965
 | term         = 2022–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden|Biden]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 63
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Armando O. Bonilla]] 
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1967
 | term         = 2022–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden|Biden]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 64
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Molly Silfen]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1980
 | term         = 2023–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden|Biden]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 65
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Philip Hadji]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1981
 | term         = 2023–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden|Biden]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 66
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = [[Robin M. Meriweather]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1974
 | term         = 2024–present
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden|Biden]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 11
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[John Paul Wiese]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1934
 | term         = 1982–2001
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2001–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 15
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Robert J. Yock]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1938
 | term         = 1983–1998
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 1998–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 22
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Moody R. Tidwell III]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1939
 | term         = 1983–1998
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 1998–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 23
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Loren A. Smith]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1944
 | term         = 1985–2000
 | chief term   = 1986–2000
 | senior term  = 2000–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 24
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Marian Blank Horn]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1943
 | term         = {{Ubl
  | 1986–2001
  | 2003–2018
  }}
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = {{Ubl
  | 2001–2003
  | 2018–present
  }}
 | appointer    = {{Ubl
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush|G.W. Bush]] (reappointment)
  }}
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 25
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Eric G. Bruggink]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1949
 | term         = 1986–2001
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2001–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 28
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Bohdan A. Futey]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1939
 | term         = 1987–2002
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2002–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 30
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[James T. Turner]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1938
 | term         = 1987–2002
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2002–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 32
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Robert H. Hodges Jr.]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1944
 | term         = 1990–2005
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2005–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by George H. W. Bush|G.H.W. Bush]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 34
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Lawrence Baskir]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1938
 | term         = 1998–2013
 | chief term   = 2000–2002
 | senior term  = 2013–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton|Clinton]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 36
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Lynn J. Bush]]
 | duty station = ''inactive''
 | born         = 1948
 | term         = 1998–2013
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2013–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton|Clinton]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 37
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Edward J. Damich]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1948
 | term         = 1998–2013
 | chief term   = 2002–2009
 | senior term  = 2013–present
 | appointer    = {{Ubl
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton|Clinton]] (Judge)
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush|G.W. Bush]] (Chief Judge)
  }}
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 42
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Charles F. Lettow]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1941
 | term         = 2003–2018
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2018–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush|G.W. Bush]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 45
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Victor J. Wolski]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1962
 | term         = 2003–2018
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2018–present
 | appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush|G.W. Bush]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Current
 | index        = 48
 | title        = Senior Judge
 | name         = [[Margaret M. Sweeney]]
 | duty station = [[Washington, D.C.]]
 | born         = 1955
 | term         = 2005–2020
 | chief term   = 2018–2020
 | senior term  = 2020–present
 | appointer    = {{Ubl
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush|G.W. Bush]] (Judge)
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]] (Chief Judge)
  }}
}}
{{end U.S. judgeship Current}}

== Former judges ==

{{start U.S. judgeship Former}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 1
| name        = {{sortname|Joseph V.|Colaianni}}
| state       = [[Michigan|MI]]
| borndied    = 1933–2018
| term        = 1982–1984<ref group="Note" name="Claims">Reassigned from the [[United States Court of Claims|Court of Claims]].</ref>
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = resignation
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 2
| name        = {{sortname|Lloyd|Fletcher}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1915–1991
| term        = 1982<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1982–1991
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 3
| name        = {{sortname|Kenneth|Harkins}}
| state       = [[Ohio|OH]]
| borndied    = 1921–2009
| term        = 1982–1986<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1986–2009
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 4
| name        = {{sortname|Roald A.|Hogenson}}
| state       = [[Utah|UT]]
| borndied    = 1913–1987
| term        = 1982–1983<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1983–1987
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 5
| name        = {{sortname|Thomas J.|Lydon}}
| state       = [[Maine|ME]]
| borndied    = 1927–2012
| term        = 1982–1987<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1987–2012
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 6
| name        = {{sortname|James F.|Merow}}
| state       = [[Virginia|VA]]
| borndied    = 1932–2016
| term        = 1982–1998<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1998–2016
| appointer   = {{Ubl
 | [[Operation of law]]
 | {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}} (reappointment)
 }}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index        = 7
| name         = {{sortname|Philip R.|Miller}}
| state        = [[New York (state)|NY]]
| borndied     = 1918–1989
| term         = 1982–1986<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term   = –
| senior term  = 1986–1989
| appointer    = [[Operation of law]]
| termination  = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 8
| name        = {{sortname|David|Schwartz|dab=judge}}
| state       = [[New York (state)|NY]]
| borndied    = 1916–1989
| term        = 1982<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1982–1989
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index        = 9
| name         = {{sortname|Robert M. M.|Seto}}
| state        = [[Hawaii|HI]]
| borndied     = 1936–present
| term         = 1982–1987<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term   = –
| senior term  = –
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = resignation
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 10
| name        = {{sortname|Louis|Spector}}
| state       = [[New York (state)|NY]]
| borndied    = 1918–2003
| term        = 1982–1983<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1983–1985
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 12
| name        = {{sortname|George|Willi}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1924–2016
| term        = 1982<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1982–1985
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 13
| name        = {{sortname|Harry E.|Wood}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1926–2009
| term        = 1982–1986<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1986
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 14
| name        = {{sortname|Judith Ann|Yannello}}
| state       = [[New York (state)|NY]]
| borndied    = 1943–present
| term        = 1982–1987<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = [[Operation of law]]
| termination = resignation
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 16
| name        = {{sortname|Alex|Kozinski}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1950–present
| term        = 1982–1985
| chief term  = 1982–1985
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = resignation
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 17
| name        = {{sortname|Mastin G.|White}}
| state       = [[Texas|TX]]
| borndied    = 1901–1987
| term        = 1982<ref group=Note>Judge White was reappointed from senior service to active service in 1982 by [[List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] via a [[recess appointment]]; however he assumed [[senior status]] on November 19, 1982, prior to being formally nominated.</ref>
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1982–1987<ref group="Note" name="Claims" />
| appointer   = {{Ubl
 | [[Operation of law]]
 | {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}} (reappointment)
 }}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 18
| name        = {{sortname|Reginald W.|Gibson}}
| state       = [[Illinois|IL]]
| borndied    = 1927–2018
| term        = 1982–1995
| chief term  = —
| senior term = 1995–2018
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 19
| name        = {{sortname|Lawrence S.|Margolis}}
| state       = [[Maryland|MD]]
| borndied    = 1935–2017
| term        = 1982–1997
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1997–2017
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 20
| name        = {{sortname|Haldane Robert|Mayer}}
| state       = [[Virginia|VA]]
| borndied    = 1941–present
| term        = 1982–1987
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = elevation to [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit|Fed. Cir.]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 21
| name        = {{sortname|Christine Odell Cook|Miller}}<ref group=Note>Served as Christine Cook Nettesheim from December 10, 1982, until September 10, 1994.</ref>
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1944–present
| term        = 1982–2013<ref group=Note>Second appointment was a recess appointment; formally nominated on January 29, 1998, confirmed by the Senate on February 3, 1998, and received commission on February 4, 1998.</ref>
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 2013
| appointer   = {{Ubl
 | {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
 | [[List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton|Clinton]] (reappointment)
 }}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 26
| name        = {{sortname|John Light|Napier}}
| state       = [[South Carolina|SC]]
| borndied    = 1947–present
| term        = 1986–1989
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = resignation
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 27
| name        = {{sortname|Wilkes C.|Robinson}}
| state       = [[Kansas|KS]]
| borndied    = 1925–2015
| term        = 1987–1997
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 1997–2015
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 29
| name        = {{sortname|Roger|Andewelt}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1946–2001
| term        = 1987–2001
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 31
| name        = {{sortname|Randall Ray|Rader}}
| state       = [[Virginia|VA]]
| borndied    = 1949–present
| term        = 1988–1990
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname||Reagan|List of federal judges appointed by Ronald Reagan}}
| termination = elevation to [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit|Fed. Cir.]]
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 33
| name        = {{sortname|Diane Gilbert|Sypolt}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied    = 1947–present
| term        = 1990–2005
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 2005
| appointer   = {{sortname|G.H.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George H. W. Bush}}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 35
| name        = {{sortname|Emily C.|Hewitt}}
| state       = [[Massachusetts|MA]]
| borndied    = 1944–present
| term        = 1998–2013
| chief term  = 2009–2013
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{Ubl
 | {{sortname||Clinton|List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton}} (Judge)
 | [[List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama|Obama]] (Chief Judge)
 }}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 39
| name        = {{sortname|Francis|Allegra}}
| state       = [[Virginia|VA]]
| borndied    = 1957–2015
| term        = 1998–2013
| chief term  = –
| senior term = 2013–2015
| appointer   = {{sortname||Clinton|List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton}}
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index        = 38
| title        = Senior Judge
| name         = {{sortname|Nancy B.|Firestone}}
| state       = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
| borndied     = 1951–2022
| term         = 1998–2013
| chief term   = —
| senior term  = 2013–2022
| appointer    = [[List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton|Clinton]]
| termination = death
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 40
| name        = {{sortname|Sarah L.|Wilson}}
| state       = [[Maryland|MD]]
| borndied    = 1959–present
| term        = 2001–2002<ref group=Note>Recess appointment; the Senate later [[Unsuccessful recess appointments to United States federal courts|rejected]] the appointment.</ref>
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname||Clinton|List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton}}
| termination = not confirmed
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 41
| name        = {{sortname|Lawrence J.|Block}}
| state       = [[Virginia|VA]]
| borndied    = 1951–present
| term        = 2002–2016
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname|G.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush}}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
 | index        = 43
 | name         = {{sortname|Susan G.|Braden}}
 | state        = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
 | borndied     = 1948–present
 | term         = 2003–2018
 | chief term   = 2017–2018
 | senior term  = 2018–2019
 | appointer    = {{Ubl
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush|G.W. Bush]] (Judge)
  | [[List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump|Trump]] (Chief Judge)
  }}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
 | index        = 44
 | name         =  {{sortname|Mary Ellen Coster|Williams}}
 | state        = [[Maryland|MD]]
 | borndied     = 1953–present
 | term         = 2003–2018
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = 2018–2023
 | appointer   = {{sortname|G.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush}}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 46
| name        = {{sortname|George W.|Miller|dab=judge}}
| state       = [[Virginia|VA]]
| borndied    = 1941–2016
| term        = 2003–2013
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer   = {{sortname|G.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush}}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
 | index        = 47
 | name         = {{sortname|Thomas C.|Wheeler}}
 | state        = [[Maryland|MD]]
 | borndied     = 1948–present
 | term         = 2005–2020
 | chief term   = —
 | senior term  = —
 | appointer    =  {{sortname|G.W.|Bush|List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush}}
 | termination  = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
 | index        = 49
 | title        = Judge
 | name         = {{sortname|Patricia E.|Campbell-Smith}}
 | state        = [[District of Columbia|DC]]
 | borndied     = 1966–present
 | term         = 2013–2023
 | chief term   = 2013–2017
 | senior term = –
 | appointer={{sortname||Obama|List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama}}
| termination = retirement
}}
{{U.S. judgeship row Former
| index       = 51
| name        = {{sortname|Lydia|Griggsby}}
| state       = [[Maryland|MD]]
| borndied    = 1968–present
| term        = 2014–2021
| chief term  = –
| senior term = –
| appointer={{sortname||Obama|List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama}}
| termination = elevation to [[United States District Court for the District of Maryland|D. Md]]
}}
{{end U.S. judgeship Former}}
{{Reflist|group=Note}}

== Chief judges ==

{{start U.S. judge succession
| float      = left
| seat title = Chief Judge
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Alex Kozinski|Kozinski]]
| term = 1982–1985
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Loren A. Smith|Smith]]
| term = 1986–2000
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Lawrence Baskir|Baskir]]
| term = 2000–2002
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Edward J. Damich|Damich]]
| term = 2002–2009
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Emily C. Hewitt|Hewitt]]
| term = 2009–2013
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Patricia E. Campbell-Smith|Campbell-Smith]]
| term = 2013–2017
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Susan G. Braden|Braden]]
| term = 2017–2018
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Margaret M. Sweeney|Sweeney]]
| term = 2018–2020
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = [[Eleni M. Roumel|Roumel]]
| term = 2020–2021
}}
{{U.S. judge succession row
| name = '''[[Elaine D. Kaplan|Kaplan]]'''
| term = 2021–present
}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{clear}}

== Succession of seats ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 1}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Joseph V. Colaianni|Colaianni]] | state = MI | term = 1982–1984}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Loren A. Smith|Smith]] | state = VA | term = 1985–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Loren A. Smith|Smith]] | state = VA | term = 1993–2000}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Sarah L. Wilson|Wilson]] | state = MD | term = 2001–2002}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Mary Ellen Coster Williams|Williams]] | state = MD | term = 2003–2018}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Eleni M. Roumel|Roumel]]''' | state = MD | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{U.S. judge succession inactive circuit| seat title = Seat 2}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lloyd Fletcher|Fletcher]] | state = DC | term = 1982}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Seat abolished October 8, 1982, upon incumbent taking senior status}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 3}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Kenneth Harkins|Harkins]] | state = OH | term = 1982–1986}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[John Light Napier|Napier]] | state = SC | term = 1986–1989}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Robert H. Hodges Jr.|Hodges, Jr.]] | state = SC | term = 1990–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Robert H. Hodges Jr.|Hodges, Jr.]] | state = SC | term = 1993–2005}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Margaret M. Sweeney|Sweeney]] | state = VA | term = 2005–2020}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Carolyn N. Lerner|Lerner]]''' | state = MD | term = 2022–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{U.S. judge succession inactive circuit| seat title = Seat 4}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Roald A. Hogenson|Hogenson]] | state = UT | term = 1982–1983}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Seat abolished January 3, 1983, upon incumbent taking senior status}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{col-end}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 5}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Thomas J. Lydon|Lydon]] | state = ME | term = 1982–1987}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Roger Andewelt|Andewelt]] | state = DC | term = 1987–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Roger Andewelt|Andewelt]] | state = DC | term = 1993–2001}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Susan G. Braden|Braden]] | state = DC | term = 2003–2018}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Molly Silfen|Silfen]]''' | state = DC | term = 2023–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 6}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[James F. Merow|Merow]] | state = VA | term = 1982–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[James F. Merow|Merow]] | state = VA | term = 1993–1998}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Edward J. Damich|Damich]] | state = VA | term = 1998–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Armando Bonilla|Bonilla]]''' | state = DC | term = 2022–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 7}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Philip R. Miller|P. Miller]] | state = NY | term = 1982–1986}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Bohdan A. Futey|Futey]] | state = OH | term = 1987–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Bohdan A. Futey|Futey]] | state = OH | term = 1993–2002}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Victor J. Wolski|Wolski]] | state = VA | term = 2003–2018}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Thompson Michael Dietz|Dietz]]''' | state = NJ | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 8}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[David Schwartz (judge)|D. Schwartz]] | state = NY | term = 1982}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Christine Odell Cook Miller|C. Miller]] | state = DC | term = 1982–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Christine Odell Cook Miller|C. Miller]] | state = DC | term = 1993–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Elaine D. Kaplan|Kaplan]]''' | state = DC | term = 2013–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-end}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 9}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Robert M. M. Seto|Seto]] | state = HI | term = 1982–1987}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Randall Ray Rader|Rader]] | state = VA | term = 1988–1990}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Diane Gilbert Sypolt|Sypolt]] | state = DC | term = 1990–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Diane Gilbert Sypolt|Sypolt]] | state = DC | term = 1993–2005}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Thomas C. Wheeler|Wheeler]] | state = MD | term = 2005–2020}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Zachary Somers|Somers]]''' | state = DC | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 10}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Louis Spector|Spector]] | state = NY | term = 1982–1983}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Moody R. Tidwell III|Tidwell III]] | state = VA | term = 1983–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Moody R. Tidwell III|Tidwell III]] | state = VA | term = 1993–1998}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Nancy B. Firestone|Firestone]] | state = VA | term = 1998–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Ryan T. Holte|Holte]]''' | state = OH | term = 2019–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 11}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[John Paul Wiese|Wiese]] | state = VA | term = 1982–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[John Paul Wiese|Wiese]] | state = VA | term = 1993–2001}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Charles F. Lettow|Lettow]] | state = VA | term = 2003–2018}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Kathryn C. Davis|Davis]]''' | state = MD | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{U.S. judge succession inactive circuit| seat title = Seat 12}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[George Willi|Willi]] | state = DC | term = 1982}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Seat abolished December 14, 1982, upon incumbent taking senior status}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-end}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 13}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Harry E. Wood|Wood]] | state = DC | term = 1982–1986}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Eric G. Bruggink|Bruggink]] | state = VA | term = 1986–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Eric G. Bruggink|Bruggink]] | state = VA | term = 1993–2001}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lawrence J. Block|Block]] | state = VA | term = 2002–2016}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Edward H. Meyers|Meyers]]''' | state = MD | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 14}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Judith Ann Yannello|Yannello]] | state = NY | term = 1982–1987}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Wilkes C. Robinson|Robinson]] | state = KS | term = 1987–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Wilkes C. Robinson|Robinson]] | state = KS | term = 1993–1997}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lynn J. Bush|Bush]] | state = DC | term = 1998–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[David A. Tapp|Tapp]]''' | state = KY | term = 2019–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 15}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Reassigned as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, from Trial Judge of the United States Court of Claims by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Robert J. Yock|Yock]] | state = VA | term = 1982–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Robert J. Yock|Yock]] | state = VA | term = 1993–1998}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Emily C. Hewitt|Hewitt]] | state = MA | term = 1998–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Matthew H. Solomson|Solomson]]''' | state = MD | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 16}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Established as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Alex Kozinski|Kozinski]] | state = DC | term = 1982–1985}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Marian Blank Horn|Horn]] | state = MD | term = 1986–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Marian Blank Horn|Horn]] | state = MD | term = 1993–2001<br>2003–2018}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Stephen S. Schwartz|S. Schwartz]]''' | state = VA | term = 2020–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-end}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{U.S. judge succession inactive circuit| seat title = Seat 17}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Established as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Mastin G. White|White]] | state = TX | term = 1982}}
{{U.S. judge succession 4 note| text = Seat abolished November 19, 1982, upon incumbent taking senior status}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 18}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Established as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Reginald W. Gibson|Gibson]] | state = IL | term = 1982–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Reginald W. Gibson|Gibson]] | state = IL | term = 1993–1995}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lawrence Baskir|Baskir]] | state = MD | term = 1998–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Patricia E. Campbell-Smith|Campbell-Smith]] | state = DC | term = 2013–2023}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Robin M. Meriweather|Meriweather]]''' | state = VA | term = 2024–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 19}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Established as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lawrence S. Margolis|Margolis]] | state = MD | term = 1982–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lawrence S. Margolis|Margolis]] | state = MD | term = 1993–1997}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Francis Allegra|Allegra]] | state = VA | term = 1998–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Lydia Griggsby|Griggsby]] | state = MD | term = 2014–2021}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Philip Hadji|Hadji]]''' | state = DC | term = 2023–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-break}}
{{start U.S. judge succession| seat title = Seat 20}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Established as Judge of the United States Claims Court on October 1, 1982, by {{USStat|96|27}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[Haldane Robert Mayer|Mayer]] | state = VA | term = 1982–1987}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[James T. Turner|Turner]] | state = VA | term = 1987–1993}}
{{U.S. judge succession note| text = Redesignated January 1, 1993, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims by {{USStat|106|4506}}}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[James T. Turner|Turner]] | state = VA | term = 1993–2002}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = [[George W. Miller (judge)|G. Miller]] | state = VA | term = 2003–2013}}
{{U.S. judge succession row| name = '''[[Richard Hertling|Hertling]]''' | state = MD | term = 2019–present}}
{{end U.S. judge succession}}
{{col-end}}

== See also ==
* [http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/rules Rules and Forms]
* [[Federal Tort Claims Act]]
* [[Tucker Act]]
* [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit]]
* [[New York Court of Claims]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* ''The United States Court of Federal Claims handbook and procedures manual'' by David B. Stinson. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: Bar Association of the District of Columbia, 2003.
* ''The United States Court of Federal Claims : a deskbook for practitioners'' by United States Court of Federal Claims Bar Association. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: The Bar Association, 1998.

== Further reading ==
* [http://ilj.law.indiana.edu/articles/88/88_1_Sisk.pdf The Jurisdiction of the Court of Federal Claims and Forum Shopping in Money Claims Against the Federal Government]

== External links ==
* [http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov Website of the United States Court of Federal Claims]
* [http://eisenhower.archives.gov/Research/Finding_Aids/S.html Papers of Franklin M. Stone, former judge, U.S. Court of Claims, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library]

{{Law of the United States}}
{{CFC Judges}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:United States Court of Federal Claims}}
[[Category:United States Court of Federal Claims| ]]
[[Category:Article I tribunals|Federal claims]]
[[Category:Aboriginal title in the United States]]
[[Category:Federal sovereign immunity in the United States]]
[[Category:Government procurement in the United States]]
[[Category:1855 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Courts and tribunals established in 1855]]