View source for Office of National Drug Control Policy

{{Organization
|OrganizationName=Office of National Drug Control Policy
|OrganizationType=Executive Departments (Sub-organization)
|Mission=The ONDCP leads and coordinates the nation's drug policy to improve the health and lives of the American people. It develops and implements the National Drug Control Strategy, which aims to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing, and trafficking, drug-related crime and violence, and drug-related health consequences through a balanced approach of prevention, treatment, and supply reduction.
|ParentOrganization=Executive Office of the President
|CreationLegislation=Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988
|Employees=100
|Budget=$43 billion (Fiscal Year 2024, oversees coordination of multiple federal agencies' drug control budgets)
|OrganizationExecutive=Director
|Services=Policy development; Strategy implementation; Program coordination; Public education; Research and evaluation
|HeadquartersLocation=38.89767, -77.03886
|HeadquartersAddress=Eisenhower Executive Office Building, 1650 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20504, USA
|Website=https://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/
}}
{{short description|United States government agency}}

{{Infobox government agency
|agency_name     = Office of National Drug Control Policy
|seal            = US-ONDCP-Seal.svg
|seal_width      = 140px
|formed          = {{start date and age|1989|10|27}}
|headquarters    = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
|budget          = $379.1 million<ref>{{cite web |title=National Drug Control Budget |url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/ondcp/Fact_Sheets/FY2018-Budget-Highlights.pdf |via=[[NARA|National Archives]] |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |access-date=21 December 2018}}</ref>
|chief1_name     = [[Rahul Gupta]]
|chief1_position = Director
|parent_agency   = [[Executive Office of the President of the United States|Executive Office of the President]]
|website         = {{url|https://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/}}
}}
The '''Office of National Drug Control Policy''' ('''ONDCP''') is a component of the [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]].

The director of the ONDCP, colloquially known as the [[Drug Czar|drug czar]], heads the office. "Drug czar" was a term first used in the media by Richard Nixon in 1971.<ref>Office of the White House Press Secretary, 1971. Jerome Jaffe Appointed as First “Drug Czar” (Richard Nixon Presidential Library, White House Central Files, Subject Files: Speech, Box 73)https://cdn.nixonlibrary.org/01/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/16144809/Appointment-of-Jerome-Jaffe-as-director-of-SAODAP-6-17-71.jpg</ref> In addition to running the ONDCP, the director evaluates, coordinates, and oversees both the international and domestic anti-drug efforts of [[executive branch]] agencies and ensures that such efforts sustain and complement State and local anti-drug activities. The Director advises the President regarding changes in the organization, management, budgeting, and personnel of federal agencies that affect U.S. anti-drug efforts; and regarding federal agency compliance with their obligations under the National Drug Control Strategy, an annual report required by law. Prior to [[Rahul Gupta]] taking office in November, 2021, the most recent director was [[James W. Carroll|James. W. Carroll]], who took over from former director [[Michael Botticelli]]. The fiscal year 2011 National Drug Control Budget proposed by the Obama administration devoted significant new resources to the prevention and treatment of drug abuse. These resources were complemented by an aggressive effort to enhance domestic law enforcement, interdiction, and supply control programs. New resources, $340 million, were added to the prevention and treatment of drug use.<ref>[http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/policy/11budget/fy11factsheet.pdf FY 2011 Drug Control Program Highlights]</ref><ref>[http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/news/press10/020110.html Administration's FY 2011 Budget Proposal Demonstrates Balanced Approach to Drug Control February 1, 2010]</ref>

== Programs ==
[[File:ONDCP Pothead.gif|thumb|A [[National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign]] poster circa 2000 concerning [[cannabis in the United States]]]]
The programs directed by the ONDCP include:
* the [[High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area]]s (HIDTA) program
* the [[National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign]], a current domestic government [[substance abuse prevention]] campaign in the US
* the Drug Free Communities Program
* Anti-doping activities
* [[World Anti-Doping Agency]] (WADA) dues

== Congressional issues ==
=== Bipartisan support for drug czar ===
The [[Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988]], which created the Office of National Drug Control Policy, was the product of bi-partisan support. It was co-sponsored in the House of Representatives by parties' leaders, [[Tom Foley]] and [[Robert Michel]],<ref name="congress">[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d100:HR05210:|TOM:/bss/d100query.html Bill History for H.R. 5210, the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219035531/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d100%3AHR05210%3A%7CTOM%3A%2Fbss%2Fd100query.html |date=2008-12-19 }}.</ref> and it passed by margins of 346–11 and 87–3 in the House and Senate, respectively.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120717044453/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d100:HR05210:@@@R Major Congressional Actions for H.R. 5210, the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988].</ref> Upon signing the law, [[Ronald Reagan]] said, "This bill is the product of a bipartisan effort."<ref name="signing statement">{{Cite web |url=http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1988/111888c.htm |title=President Reagan's signing statement |access-date=2009-09-08 |archive-date=2009-05-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507195642/http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1988/111888c.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Funding ===
In September 2002, the [[Senate Appropriations Committee]] recommended that salaries and expenses at ONDCP be reduced from $26.6 million in fiscal 2006 to $11.5 million in fiscal 2007, to "more closely reflect actual performance." Committee members said they would request funding for a study of ONDCP by the [[National Academy of Public Administration (United States)|National Academy of Public Administration]]. They also ordered a [[Government Accountability Office]] study on the distribution of grants. Plus, they directed the Director to provide quarterly updates on travel expenditures, staffing levels and plans for future hirings.<ref name="WP-9-12-06">Kevin Freking, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/12/AR2006091201394.html "Panel Advises Cutting Salaries at Agency"]{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, ''The Washington Post'', September 12, 2006</ref>

In 2011, the ONDCP requested funding for 98 full-time employees, 64 (65.31%) of whom would be paid at either [[GS levels#Salary Calculation|GS-15, GS-14]], or [[Senior Executive Service#Pay rates|SES]] pay grades, or more than $105,211.00 yearly, being adjusted for Washington, D.C. cost of living expenses.<ref>[http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/policy/FY12_congress_budget_submission.pdf Office of National Drug Control Policy Fiscal Year 2012 Appropriations Request (PDF file)]</ref>

=== High-Intensity Drug Trafficking Program ===
In 2005, the Bush administration proposed transferring the $225&nbsp;million High-Intensity Drug Trafficking Program from ONDCP to the [[U.S. Department of Justice|Department of Justice]]. The program gives additional money to designated areas with chronic illicit drug problems. According to ''The Washington Post'', "Many lawmakers oppose the transfer for fear the program would become less of a priority."<ref name="WP-9-12-06"/>

=== Anti-legalization Policy ===
By law, the drug czar must oppose any attempt to legalize the use (in any form) of illicit drugs.<ref>[http://www.drugwarrant.com/articles/drug-czar-required/ The Drug Czar is required by law to lie]</ref> According to the "Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998"<ref>[http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/about/98reauthorization.html Title VII Office of National Drug Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998]</ref> the director of the ONDCP
<blockquote>(12) shall ensure that no Federal funds appropriated to the Office of National Drug Control Policy shall be expended for any study or contract relating to the legalization (for a medical use or any other use) of a substance listed in schedule I of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812) and take such actions as necessary to oppose any attempt to legalize the use of a substance (in any form) that –

1. is listed in schedule I of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812); and
2. has not been approved for use for medical purposes by the Food and Drug Administration;</blockquote>

The Government Accountability Office has found that this law authorizes the ONDCP to disseminate information in order to oppose legalization:<ref>[http://www.gao.gov/products/A09471 Application of Anti-Lobbying Laws to the Office of National Drug Control Policy's Open Letter to State Level Prosecutors, B-301022, March 10, 2004]</ref>
<blockquote>Finally, apart from considerations of whether any particular law has been violated, you have asked whether the Deputy Director's letter disseminated misleading information in connection with statements relating to the debate over legalization of marijuana. Clearly, the Deputy Director's statements reflect one perspective regarding marijuana – a perspective that is disputed by others with different viewpoints. However, ONDCP is specifically charged with the responsibility for "taking such actions as necessary to oppose any attempt to legalize the use" of certain controlled substances such as marijuana – a responsibility which logically could include the making of advocacy statements in opposition to legalization efforts. The Deputy Director's statements about marijuana are thus within the statutory role assigned to ONDCP. Given this role, we do not see a need to examine the accuracy of the Deputy Director's individual statements in detail.</blockquote>

==Effectiveness of ONDCP==
=== Extent of drug use in the U.S. ===
In September 2006, the office reported that the 2005 survey of 67,500 people found that 8.1 percent reported using an illicit drug in the 30 days prior to being asked about their drug use, which equates to 19.7&nbsp;million people nationwide (age 12 and older). The percentage was up slightly compared to 2004. Youth drug use declined for the third year in a row.<ref>Kevin Freking, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/07/AR2006090700552.html "Drug Use Up for Boomers, Down for Teens"]{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, ''The Washington Post'', September 7, 2006</ref> While the ONDCP measures their efficacy against prior use statistics within the U.S., they do not publicize how these statistics compare against other countries at the time in their communications to the press. In 2008, ONDCP reported that actual youth drug use, as measured as the percent reporting past month use, declined from 19.4% to 14.8% among middle and high school students between 2001 and 2007.<ref>[http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/successes_challenges/successes_challenges.pdf Office of National Drug Control Policy Executive Office of the President: CURRENT STATE OF DRUG POLICY: SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES, March 2008]</ref>

===Anti-marijuana advertising===
In August 2001, the office told a Congressional committee that its [[National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign]] "has been the most visible symbol of the federal government's commitment to drug prevention," and that the office was "investing $7&nbsp;million a year in performance measurement to determine the effectiveness" of the campaign. The statement by said "We believe there is a strong body of evidence that indicates the campaign is working, as planned, to change drug attitudes, intentions and use."<ref>[http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/NEWS/testimony01/080101/content.html "National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign: How to Ensure the Program Operates Efficiently and Effectively"], Testimony to Congress, August 1, 2001</ref>

In 2002, according to a multiyear study by the research firm hired by the office, teenagers exposed to federal anti-drug ads were no less likely to use drugs for having viewed them, and some young girls said they were even more likely to give drugs a try. Walters blamed poor ads that weren't resonating with teenagers. Walters promised in Senate testimony in 2002 that he would show results within a year or admit failure, and Congress agreed to extend the campaign through 2003 while cutting funding for the ads from $170&nbsp; million in 2002 to $150&nbsp;million in 2003. An entirely new advertising campaign was created.<ref>Shawn Zeller, [http://www.govexec.com/features/0903/0903s3.htm "Ads, Drugs & Money"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070315230743/http://www.govexec.com/features/0903/0903s3.htm |date=2007-03-15 }}, ''Government Executive'' magazine, September 19, 2003</ref>

In February 2005, a research company hired by the office and the [[National Institute on Drug Abuse]] reported that the government's ad campaign aimed at dissuading teens from using marijuana, a campaign that cost $1.4&nbsp;billion between 1998 and 2006, did not work: "greater exposure to the campaign was associated with weaker anti-drug norms and increases in the perceptions that others use marijuana." The research company was paid $42.7&nbsp;million for the five-year study. After the February 2005 report was received, the office continued the ad campaign, spending $220&nbsp;million on the anti-marijuana ads in fiscal years 2005 and 2006.<ref>[[Ryan Grim]], ''[http://www.slate.com/id/2148999/ A White House Drug Deal Gone Bad: Sitting on the Negative Results of a Study of Anti-Marijuana Ads]'', ''Slate'' magazine, September 7, 2006</ref>

=== Other ===
According to the [[University of Michigan]]'s annual Monitoring the Future report, the number of young people using drugs in the U.S. declined by 7 percent between 2001 and 2006,<ref>[http://monitoringthefuture.org/data/06data.html "Monitoring the Future" (MTF) survey, December 2006]</ref> though there is no evidence to suggest that government anti-drug programs that were started at the turn of the millennium helped cause this drop.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

While cocaine production in [[Colombia]] initially decreased with the onset of Plan Colombia, the [[United Nations]] declared that in 2005, despite record levels of eradication by the U.S., coca production increased to about {{convert|330|sqmi|km2|sigfig=2}}.<ref>"Coca production up despite record eradication" (''[[MSNBC]]''), June 2006</ref>

==Controversies==
{{see also|Propaganda in the United States}}

=== Paying for anti-drug messages in television shows ===
In the spring of 1998, the ONDCP began offering additional advertising dollars to networks that embedded anti-drug messages in their programming. They developed an accounting system to decide which network shows would be valued and for how much. Receiving advance copies of scripts, they assigned financial value to each show's anti-drug message. Then they would suggest ways that the networks could increase the payments they would get. The [[The WB Television Network|WB]] network's senior vice president for broadcast standards Rick Mater admitted, "The White House did view scripts. They did sign off on them – they read scripts, yes."<ref name="salonprop">[http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/2000/01/13/drugs/print.html '''Prime-time propaganda'''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070115151200/http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/2000/01/13/drugs/print.html |date=2007-01-15 }}, January 13, 2000, [http://www.salon.com Salon.com]</ref>

Running the campaign for the ONDCP was Alan Levitt, who estimated that between 1998 and 2000 the networks received nearly $25&nbsp;million in benefits.<ref name="salonprop"/>

One example was with [[Warner Brothers]]' show, ''[[Smart Guy]]''. The original script portrayed two young people using drugs at a party. Originally depicted as cool and popular, after input from the drug office, "We showed that they were losers and put them [hidden away to indulge in shamed secrecy] in a utility room. That was not in the original script."<ref name="salonprop"/>

Other shows including ''[[ER (TV series)|ER]]'', ''[[Beverly Hills, 90210]]'', ''[[Chicago Hope]]'', ''[[The Drew Carey Show]]'' and ''[[7th Heaven (TV series)|7th Heaven]]'' also put anti-drug messages into their stories.<ref name="salonprop"/>

In 2000, the [[Federal Communications Commission]], in response to a complaint by the [[National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws]], sent inquiries to five major television networks about these practices.<ref>[http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=4127 "FCC Sends Formal Inquiries To Five Television Networks Allegedly Involved In ONDCP Payola Scandal"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927143033/http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=4127 |date=2011-09-27 }}, NORML news bulletin, April 20, 2000</ref> The House Committee on Government Reform's Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy and Human Resources held hearings on the matter on July 11, 2000.<ref>[http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=4160 "House Committee To Hold July 11 Hearing On ONDCP Payola Scandal; Salon.com Writer Who Broke The Story Will Face-Off Against Drug Czar"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927143137/http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=4160 |date=2011-09-27 }}, NORML news bulletin, June 29, 2000</ref> In December of that year, the FCC ruled that the networks should have identified the Office of National Drug Control Policy as the sponsor of the television programs.<ref>[http://www.cannabisnews.com/news/thread8154.shtml "FCC Rules In Favor of NORML"], NORML News Bulletin, December 28, 2000</ref><ref>[http://www.fcc.gov/eb/Orders/da002873.txt FCC termination of investigation of February 17, 2000 complaint by NORML], letter dated December 20, 2000</ref>

=== State and local decriminalization ballot measures ===
In December 2002, the [[Marijuana Policy Project]], filed a complaint with the [[Nevada Secretary of State]] accusing the Drug Czar John Walters of illegally campaigning against its 2002 ballot initiative to decriminalize possession of up to 3 ounces of [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] in that state. Specifically, MPP argued that Nevada [[campaign finance]] laws required the Drug Czar to reveal how much taxpayer money he had spent to defeat the initiative. In April 2003, the [[Nevada Attorney General]] concluded that the Drug Czar was not required to comply with Nevada's campaign finance laws. MPP filed a [[writ of mandamus]] as an appeal of the decision. The [[Nevada Supreme Court]] issued an order declaring that MPP had "set forth issues of arguable merit" in its writ; however, on August 18, 2004, the Court declared that it was "not satisfied that [the] court's intervention by way of extraordinary relief is warranted".<ref name="MPP">[http://www.mpp.org/WarOnDrugCzar/ "MPP's first victory in 'War on Drug Czar' campaign is short-lived; Nevada Supreme Court order allows Drug Czar to ignore state campaign finance laws"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050305222609/http://www.mpp.org/WarOnDrugCzar/ |date=2005-03-05 }}, Marijuana Policy Project</ref>

A February 24, 2005 MPP press release announced that the group had filed similar complaints in [[Montana]], [[Oregon]], and [[Alaska]], accusing the Drug Czar of failing to make legally required campaign expense disclosures:<ref>[http://www.mpp.org/WarOnDrugCzar/ War On Drug Czar<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050305222609/http://www.mpp.org/WarOnDrugCzar/ |date=2005-03-05 }}</ref>
:''On October 5, 2004, the drug czar traveled to Oregon for the purpose of opposing Measure 33, a ballot measure designed to expand the state's medical marijuana program. On October 6, ONDCP Deputy Director Scott Burns traveled to Montana to campaign against Initiative 148, the medical marijuana measure passed by voters in November. And on October 13 and 14, Burns traveled to Alaska to oppose Measure 2, a measure to allow the state to tax and regulate the sale of marijuana. All of these trips were widely reported in the local press as being campaign stops in opposition to the reform initiatives.''

=== Use of video news releases ===
In 2005, the [[Government Accountability Office]] found that the ONDCP had violated domestic [[propaganda]] and publicity prohibitions by preparing prepackaged [[video news releases|news stories]] that did not disclose to television viewers that the government had produced them, had illegally spent appropriations to develop, produce and distribute the covert propaganda but use of the term "Drug Czar" in the "Video News Releases" had not constituted unlawful self-aggrandizement.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gao.gov/decisions/appro/303495.htm |title=Office of National Drug Control Policy—Video News Release |access-date=2008-09-06 |date=2005-01-04 |publisher=U.S. Government Accountability Office |archive-date=2021-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125090901/https://www.gao.gov/decisions/appro/303495.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

ONDCP supporters such as Representatives [[Thomas M. Davis|Tom Davis]] and [[Mark Edward Souder]] have dismissed such criticism on the grounds that the ONDCP is expressly authorized by law to conduct anti-drug media campaigns.<ref name="washingtonpost.com">Christopher Lee, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A62157-2005Feb3.html "Anti-Drug Office's Videos Defended: Davis Says Ruling That Law Was Violated Is Wrong"], ''The Washington Post'', February 4, 2005</ref> According to Susan A. Poling, managing associate general counsel at the GAO, "What is objectionable about these is the fact the viewer has no idea their tax dollars are being used to write and produce this video segment.".<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/>

=== 2017 reported shutdown ===
As early as February 2017, ''The New York Times'' had reported that the Trump administration was considering eliminating the office, and other programs responsible for a total of $2.5&nbsp;billion of domestic spending.<ref>{{citation|newspaper=The New York Times|title=Popular Domestic Programs Face Ax Under First Trump Budget|author1=Sharon LaFraniere |author2=Alan Rappeport |date=February 17, 2017|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/17/us/politics/trump-program-eliminations-white-house-budget-office.html}}</ref>
In May, the office's website was blanked and [[Politico]] and ''[[The Washington Post]]'' both reported that the office was about to be drastically defunded.<ref>{{citation|website=Politico|title=Trump budget would effectively kill drug control office|author=Dan Diamond|date=May 5, 2017|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2017/05/05/trump-budget-drug-control-office-238035}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Report: White House plans to slash funding for fed Drug Control Policy office|date=May 5, 2017|via=MassCentral|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=http://masscentral.com/report-white-house-plans-to-slash-funding-for-fed-drug-control-policy-office/|access-date=May 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506100500/http://masscentral.com/report-white-house-plans-to-slash-funding-for-fed-drug-control-policy-office/|archive-date=May 6, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Later the office's website was unblanked.

==List of directors==
The title of Director, as well as the office, was created by the [[Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988]]. The position had [[United States Cabinet|cabinet-level]] status from 1993 to 2009.

===Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention (1971–1975)===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!colspan=2 |President
|-
|{{sortname|Jerry|Jaffe|Jerome Jaffe}}
|{{dts|June 17, 1971}}
|{{dts|June 17, 1973}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Richard|Nixon}}
|-
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Robert|DuPont}}
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|June 17, 1973}}
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|June 30, 1975}}
|-
|style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|{{sortname|Gerald|Ford}}
|}

===Office of Drug Abuse Policy (1977–1989)===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!colspan=2 |President
|-
|{{sortname|Peter|Bourne}}
|{{dts|January 20, 1977}}
|{{dts|June 20, 1978}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Jimmy|Carter}}
|-
|{{sortname|Lee|Dogoloff}}
|{{dts|June 20, 1978}}
|{{dts|January 20, 1981}}
|-
|{{sortname|Carlton|Turner}}
|{{dts|July 1981}}
|{{dts|February 2, 1987}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Ronald|Reagan}}
|-
|{{sortname|Ian|Macdonald|dab=pediatrician}}
|{{dts|February 2, 1987}}
|{{dts|January 20, 1989}}
|}

===Office of National Drug Control Policy (1989–present)===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!class=unsortable |Image
!Name
!Start
!End
!colspan=2 |President
|-
|[[File:William J. Bennett, 1987.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Bill|Bennett|William Bennett}}
|{{dts|March 13, 1989}}
|{{dts|December 13, 1990}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|George H. W.|Bush}}
|-
|[[File:Bobmartinez (cropped).jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Bob|Martinez}}
|{{dts|March 28, 1991}}
|{{dts|January 20, 1993}}
|-
|[[File:John Walters official photo.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|John|Walters|John P. Walters}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 1993}}
|{{dts|July 19, 1993}}
|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=3 |{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}}
|-
|[[File:Leepbrown.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Lee|Brown|Lee P. Brown}}
|{{dts|July 19, 1993}}
|{{dts|January 1996}}
|-
|[[File:Barry McCaffrey.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Barry|McCaffrey}}
|{{dts|February 29, 1996}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2001}}
|-
|[[File:No image.svg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Ed|Jurith|Edward Jurith}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2001}}
|{{dts|February 5, 2001}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|George W.|Bush}}
|-
|[[File:John Walters official photo.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|John|Walters|John P. Walters}}
|{{dts|February 5, 2001}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2009}}
|-
|[[File:No image.svg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Ed|Jurith|Edward Jurith}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2009}}
|{{dts|May 7, 2009}}
|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=3 |{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|-
|[[File:Gil Kerlikowske official portrait small.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Gil|Kerlikowske}}
|{{dts|May 7, 2009}}
|{{dts|March 6, 2014}}
|-
|[[File:Michael Botticelli.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Michael|Botticelli}}
|{{dts|March 6, 2014}}<br>{{small|Acting: March 6, 2014 – February 11, 2015}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2017}}
|-
|[[File:No image.svg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Kemp|Chester}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2017}}
|{{dts|March 27, 2017}}
|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=3 |{{sortname|Donald|Trump}}
|-
|[[File:No image.svg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Rich|Baum|dab=government official}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|March 28, 2017}}
|{{dts|February 9, 2018}}
|-
|[[File:James W. Carroll official photo (cropped).jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Jim|Carroll|James W. Carroll}}
|{{dts|February 9, 2018}}<br>{{small|Acting: February 9, 2018 – January 3, 2019}}
|{{dts|January 19, 2021}}
|-
|[[File:No image.svg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Regina|LaBelle}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2021}}
|{{dts|November 5, 2021}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Joe|Biden}}
|-
|[[File:Rahul Gupta, ONDCP Director.jpg|85px]]
|{{sortname|Rahul|Gupta}}
|{{dts|November 5, 2021}}
|present
|}

==Legislation and executive orders==<!-- This section is linked from [[List of United States federal legislation]] -->
* 1988 [[Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988|Anti-Drug Abuse Act]]
* 1993 Executive Order 12880
* 1994 [[Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act]]
* 1996 Executive Order 12992
* 1996 Executive Order 13023
* 1997 [[Drug-Free Communities Act]]
* 1998 [[Media Campaign Act]]
* 1998 [[ONDCP Reauthorization Act]]
* 2000 Executive Order 13165
* [[Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations]]
*2018 Reauthorization

==See also==
*[[Drug Enforcement Administration]]
*[[Drug policy of the United States]]
*[[Legal issues of cannabis]]
*[[Medical cannabis]]
*[[Opioid and Drug Abuse Commission]]
*[[War on Drugs]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*[http://oversight.house.gov/index.php?option=com_jcalpro&amp;Itemid=19&amp;extmode=view&amp;extid=144 "ONDCP's Fiscal year 2011 National Drug Control Budget: Are We Still Funding a War on Drugs?"], hearing of the [[Domestic Policy Subcommittee]], [[Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]], [[US House of Representatives]] (14 April 2010) – chaired by Rep. [[Dennis Kucinich]], testimony from [[Ethan Nadelmann]], director [[Drug Policy Alliance]], and [[Gil Kerlikowske]], director ONDCP

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp}}
* [https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/office-of-national-drug-control-policy Office of National Drug Control Policy] in the [[Federal Register]]
* "[http://teens.drugabuse.gov/ NIDA for Teens]" at [[National Institute on Drug Abuse]]

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