View source for Airbus

{{About|the European aircraft manufacturer|the band|Airbus (band)|the former London bus operator|London Buses Airbus routes}}
{{Redirect|EADS||Eads (disambiguation){{!}}Eads}}
{{Short description|European aircraft manufacturer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Airbus SE
| logo = Airbus Logo 2017.svg
| logo_size = 250px
| image = Airbus Lagardère - Aéroconstellation.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| image_caption = Lagardère production plant in [[Blagnac]], France
| former_name = {{indented plainlist|
* '''Parent company:'''
* European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company NV (EADS) (2000–2014)
* Airbus Group NV (2014–2015)
* Airbus Group SE (2015–2017)
* '''Subsidiary:'''
* Airbus Industrie GIE (1970–2001)
* Airbus SAS (2001–current)
* Airbus Military (2008-2014)
}}
| type = [[Public company|Public]]<!-- per template instructions, do not list the type of incorporation (SE) -->
| traded_as = {{plainlist|
* {{BMAD|isin=NL0000235190|AIR}}
* {{EuronextParis|AIR|NL0000235190|XPAR}}
* {{FWB|AIR|isin=NL0000235190}}
* [[CAC 40]] component
* [[DAX]] component
* [[Euro Stoxx 50]] component
}}
| ISIN = NL0000235190
| industry = [[Aerospace manufacturer|Aerospace]], [[arms industry|defence]]
| predecessor = [[Aérospatiale]], [[CASA (aircraft manufacturer)|EADS CASA]], [[DASA]], [[Matra]]
| founded = {{Start date and age|1970|12|18|df=y}}
| hq_location = {{Indented plainlist|
* [[Blagnac]], France (main office)
* [[Leiden]], Netherlands (legal)
}}
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* [[Guillaume Faury]] ([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
* [[René Obermann]] ([[Chairman]])
}}
| products = {{hlist
   | [[Airbus A220|A220]]
   | [[Airbus A320|A320]]
   | [[Airbus A321|A321]]
   | [[Airbus A318|A318]]
   | [[Airbus A319|A319]]
   | [[Airbus A330|A330]]
   | [[Airbus A350|A350]]
   | [[Airbus A340|A340]]
   | [[Airbus A380|A380]]
   | [[Airbus A400M|A400M]]
   }}
| revenue = {{Increase}}&nbsp;{{€|65.45 billion|link=yes}}
| revenue_year = 2023
| operating_income = {{Decrease}} {{€|4.60 billion}}
| income_year = 2023
| net_income = {{Decrease}}&nbsp;{{€|3.79 billion}}
| net_income_year = 2023
| assets = {{Increase}}&nbsp;{{€|118.87 billion}}
| assets_year = 2023
| equity = {{Increase}}&nbsp;{{€|17.73 billion}}
| equity_year = 2023
| owner = {{Indented plainlist|
* [[SOGEPA]] (French Government): 10.9%<ref>[https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-11/Airbus_9m_2023_Presentation.pdf Airbus 9m Results 2023]. p.29. ''The Drive''. 8 November 2023.</ref>
* {{ill|GZBV|de|GZBV}} (German Government): 10.8%<ref>[https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-11/Airbus_9m_2023_Presentation.pdf Airbus 9m Results 2023].  p.29. ''The Drive''. 8 November 2023.</ref>
* [[SEPI]] (Spanish Government): 4.1%<ref>[https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-11/Airbus_9m_2023_Presentation.pdf Airbus 9m Results 2023].  p.29. ''The Drive''. 8 November 2023.</ref><ref name="shares2022">{{cite web |title=Shareholding Structure at 31 December 2022  |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-02/Airbus%20FY%202022%20Results%20Presentation_0.pdf|website=Airbus |access-date=April 22, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
}}
| num_employees = 147,893
| num_employees_year = 2023
| divisions = {{plainlist|
* [[Airbus Defence and Space|Defence and Space]]
* [[Airbus Helicopters|Helicopters]]
}}
| subsid = {{plainlist|
* [[Airbus Group, Inc.]]
* [[Airbus Corporate Jets]]
* [[Airbus Defence and Space]]
* [[Airbus Helicopters]] 
* [[ArianeGroup]] (50%)
* [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] (50%)
* [[Composite Technology Center]]
* [[Dassault Aviation|Dassault]] (10%)
* [[Elbe Flugzeugwerke]] (40%)
* [[Eurofighter GmbH|Eurofighter]] (46%)
* [[Helibras]]
* [[Metron Aviation]]
* [[MBDA]] (37.5%)
* [[NAVBLUE]]
* [[NHIndustries]] (62.5%)
* [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia]] (42.5%)
* [[Premium AEROTEC]]
* [[Satair]]
* [[Stelia Aerospace]]
* [[Tesat-Spacecom]]
* [[Testia]]
}}
| homepage = {{url|https://www.airbus.com/|airbus.com}}
| footnotes = Financials {{as of|2022|12|31|lc=y}}.<br />References:<ref name="FS 2022">{{cite AV media|url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-02/Airbus_SN_YE-2022.pdf|title=Airbus SE Unaudited Condensed IFRS Consolidated Financial Information for the year ended 31 December 2022|publisher=Airbus|access-date=1 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airbus.com/company/corporate-governance/guillaume-faury.html|title=Guillaume Faury|date=14 June 2021 |publisher=Airbus}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airbus.com/company/corporate-governance/rene-obermann.html|title=René Obermann|date=14 June 2022 |publisher=Airbus}}</ref>
}}

'''Airbus SE''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛər|b|ʌ|s}} {{respell|AIR|buss}}; {{IPA|fr|ɛʁbys|lang|Airbus2.ogg}}; {{IPA|de|ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs|lang|Airbus3.ogg}}; {{IPA|es|ˈejɾβus|lang}}) is a European<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2022 |title=Airbus Annual Report 2019 |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/financial-results-annual-reports/annual-report-2021-quick-read |publisher=Airbus SE |page=124 |quote=The Company is a European public company (''Europese Naamloze Vennootschap''), with its corporate seat in Leiden NL and registered with the Dutch Commercial Register (Handelsregister) ...}}</ref><!--PLEASE Read the discussions and understand the meaning of Societas Europaea before changing this again. --> [[aerospace]] corporation. The company's primary business is the design and manufacturing of [[commercial aircraft]] but it also has separate [[Airbus Defence and Space|defence and space]] and [[Airbus Helicopters|helicopter]] divisions. Airbus has long been the world's leading helicopter manufacturer and, in 2019, also emerged as the world's biggest manufacturer of airliners.<ref>{{cite news|date=1 January 2020|title=Exclusive: Airbus beats goal with 863 jet deliveries in 2019, ousts Boeing from top spot|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-airbus-deliveries-exclusive/exclusive-airbus-beats-goal-with-863-jet-deliveries-in-2019-ousts-boeing-from-top-spot-idUSKBN1Z01Q8}}</ref><ref name="About Airbus">{{cite web|url=http://company.airbus.com/company/about-airbus.html|title=About Airbus|publisher=Airbus|access-date=16 June 2017}}</ref>

The company was incorporated as the '''European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company''' ('''EADS''') in the year 2000 through the merger of the French [[Aérospatiale]]-[[Matra]], the German [[DASA]] and Spanish [[EADS CASA|CASA]]. The new entity subsequently acquired full ownership of its subsidiary, ''Airbus Industrie GIE'', a [[joint venture]] of European aerospace companies originally incorporated in 1970 to develop and produce [[Airbus A300|a wide-body aircraft]] to compete with American-built airliners. EADS rebranded itself as ''Airbus SE'' in 2015. Reflecting its multinational origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Spain]], and the [[United Kingdom]], along with more recent additions in [[Canada]], [[China]], and the [[United States]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Michel |last2=Yu |first2=Sophie |last3=Hepher |first3=Tim |date=6 April 2023 |title=Airbus to open new China assembly line amid recovery |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/airbus-open-second-china-assembly-line-finalises-jet-order-2023-04-06/ |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref>

Airbus' headquarters are legally registered in [[Leiden]], Netherlands, but daily management is conducted from the company's main office located in [[Blagnac]], France.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Contact us |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/airbus-contact-us |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Airbus |date=24 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The ''SE'' in its corporate name stands for {{lang|nl|[[Societas Europaea]]}}.<ref>[https://www.kvk.nl/bestellen/#/24288945000006394353 KVK Dutch Chamber of Commerce]</ref> The company is led by CEO [[Guillaume Faury]] and is a component of the [[EURO STOXX 50]] [[stock market index]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airbus Industrie {{!}} History, Headquarters, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Airbus-Industrie |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Since its inception in 2000, the company's shares have been listed on the [[Paris Stock Exchange]], the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] and the four regional Spanish stock exchanges (including the [[Bolsa de Madrid]]).<ref>[https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/share-price-and-information Investors | Share Price & Information]. ''The Drive''. 8 November 2023.</ref>

== History ==
{{Main|History of Airbus}}
The current company is the product of consolidation in the European aerospace industry, tracing back to the formation of the ''Airbus Industrie [[GIE]]'' consortium in 1970. In 2000, the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) [[Naamloze vennootschap|NV]] was established. In addition to other subsidiaries pertaining to security and space activities, EADS owned 100% of the pre-existing [[Airbus Helicopters|Eurocopter SA]], established in 1992, as well as 80% of Airbus Industrie GIE. In 2001, Airbus Industrie GIE was reorganised as Airbus [[société par actions simplifiée|SAS]], a simplified [[joint-stock company]]. In 2006, EADS acquired [[BAE Systems]]' remaining 20% of Airbus.<ref>{{cite news|title=BAE Systems says completed sale of Airbus stake to EADS |work=Forbes |date=13 October 2006 |url=https://www.forbes.com/markets/feeds/afx/2006/10/13/afx3089453.html |access-date=13 October 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070319090922/http://www.forbes.com/markets/feeds/afx/2006/10/13/afx3089453.html |archive-date=19 March 2007 }}</ref> EADS NV was renamed Airbus Group NV and SE in 2014 and 2015, respectively.<ref name=ft20140102>[http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/9e29cfb0-73be-11e3-a0c0-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2pGiV3qzr "EADS changes name to Airbus"] {{subscription required}}. ''Financial Times'', 2014.</ref><ref name="Airbus Group SE">{{cite press release|url=http://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2015/05/20150527_airbus_group_agm.html|title=Airbus Group Shareholders Approve All Resolutions At 2015 AGM|publisher=Airbus Group|date=27 May 2015|access-date=25 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boerse-frankfurt.de/en/equities/indices/euro+stoxx+50+EU0009658145/constituents|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208093448/http://www.boerse-frankfurt.de/en/equities/indices/euro%20stoxx%2050%20EU0009658145/constituents|url-status=dead|title=Frankfurt Stock Exchange|archive-date=8 February 2019}}</ref> Due to the dominance of the Airbus SAS division within Airbus Group SE, the executive committees of the parent and subsidiary companies were aligned in January 2017, but the companies were kept as separate legal entities. The holding company was given its present name in April 2017.<ref name="Airbus SE">{{cite press release|url=http://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2017/04/AGM2017.html|title=Airbus shareholders approve all resolutions at 2017 AGM|publisher=Airbus|date=12 April 2017|access-date=12 April 2017}}</ref>

{{Predecessors of Airbus Group}}

The logos of Airbus Industrie GIE and Airbus SAS displayed a stylised turbine symbol, redolent of a [[jet engine]], and a font similar to [[Helvetica#Variants|Helvetica Black]]. The logo colours were reflected in the standard Airbus [[aircraft livery]] in each period. The EADS logo between 2000 and 2010 combined the logos of the merged companies, [[DASA|DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG]] (a four-ray star) and Aérospatiale-Matra (a curved arrow), after which these elements were removed and a new font with 3D shading was chosen. This font was retained in the logos of Airbus Group NV (2014–2015) and Airbus Group SE (2015–2017), then Airbus SE:
<gallery widths="150" heights="150">
File:First Airbus logo.svg|Original, for [[Airbus A300]]
File:Airbus-group-logo.jpeg|2014–2017
File:Airbus Logo 2017.svg|2017–present
</gallery>

== Products ==
=== Civilian ===
[[File:Airbus A300B2-103 (F-WUAD) at Le Bourget Airport.jpg|thumb|[[Airbus A300]], the company's first airliner and the world's first [[Wide-body aircraft|wide-body]], [[twinjet]] aircraft]]

The Airbus product line started with the [[Airbus A300|A300]] in 1972, the world's first [[Wide-body aircraft|wide-body]], [[twinjet]] aircraft. The aircraft greatly benefited from the 1976 introduction of the [[ETOPS]] 90 rule, which allowed twinjet aircraft to operate up to 90 minutes (increased from 60 minutes) away from the nearest airport. Under the new rule, the A300 was able to operate over the [[North Atlantic]], the [[Bay of Bengal]], and the [[Indian Ocean]] more efficiently than the [[trijet]]s and [[four-engined jet aircraft]] offered by competitors.

[[File:Air_Transat_A310_(C-GTSF)_@_LHR,_Aug_2009.jpg|thumb|alt=An Airbus A310 Taking off from London Heathrow airport.|An Airbus A310 Taking off from London Heathrow airport.]]

They then went on to make the [[Airbus A310]] which is also a wide-body aircraft. Airbus had identified a demand for an aircraft smaller than the [[Airbus A300]], the first twin-jet wide-body. It was manufactured from 1981-1998.

[[File:Airbus A320-200 Airbus Industries (AIB) 'House colors' F-WWBA - MSN 001 (10276181983) crop.jpg|thumb|[[Airbus A320]], the company's best-selling airliner]]

Building on its success with the A300, Airbus worked to develop a narrow-body aircraft along with additional wide-body aircraft based on the A300.

The narrow-body efforts led to the launch of the [[Airbus A320 family|A320]] in 1987, which was and continues to be a major commercial success. The A320 was the first commercial jet to use a digital [[fly-by-wire]] control system. All Airbus aircraft developed since then have cockpit systems similar to the A320, making it easier to train crew. The success led Airbus to introduce a lengthened version, the A321 in 1993, along with the shorter A319 in 1995 and the even shorter A318 in 2002. In 2016, Airbus re-engineered the narrow-body family, in a programme called the [[Airbus A320neo family|A320neo]] (''new engine option).''

[[File:A340_D-AIHK_EDDF_2009-08-09.jpg|thumb|alt=An A340-600|A340-600]]

The wide-body programme led to the introduction of the four-engine [[Airbus A340|A340]] in 1991 and the twinjet [[Airbus A330|A330]] in 1992. At that time, Airbus wanted to offer [[four-engined jet aircraft]] to allow for longer [[Transatlantic flight|transatlantic]] and [[Transpacific flight|transpacific]] flights. However, during the aircraft's development, new rules extended twinjet operations to 120 minutes in 1986, and 180 minutes in 1989. Although the new rules hurt sales of the A340, they greatly benefited the [[Airbus A330|A330]]. Production of the A340 ended in 2011, while the A330 would be re-engineered as the [[Airbus A330neo|A330neo]] (''new engine option'') in 2018.

[[File:Lufthansa_A380_D-AIMC.jpg|thumb|alt=The Airbus A380, the current largest passenger jet.|Airbus A380]]
The world's largest passenger airliner was introduced by Airbus in 2005; the [[Airbus A380|A380]] was a four-engine aircraft with two full-length passenger seating decks. Intended to challenge the dominance of the [[Boeing 747]] in the [[long-haul]] market, the A380 was ultimately a money-losing venture for Airbus due to large development costs and limited sales, and production ended in January 2022.

The [[A350]], a wide-body, twinjet aircraft was introduced in 2013. The A350 was the first Airbus aircraft made largely from [[carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers]]. It is longer and wider than the fuselage used on the A300, A310, A330, and A340.

A second narrow-body jet was added to the product list in 2018 when Airbus gained control of the Bombardier CSeries programme, and rebranded it as the A220. The jet offers five-abreast seating compared to the six-abreast seating on the A320.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto"
|+ Product list and details (date information from Airbus)
|-
! Aircraft
! Description
! Seats
! 1st flight
! Production end
! Orders
! Deliveries
! Unfilled
! In operation
|-
|[[Airbus A220|A220]]
|2 engines, narrow-body
| style="text-align:center;"| 108–130
|data-sort-value="8"| 16 September 2013
|
|914
|322
|592
|322
|-
|[[Airbus A300|A300]]
|2 engines, wide-body
| style="text-align:center;"|228–254
|data-sort-value="1"| 28 October 1972
|data-sort-value="2"| 27 March 2007
|561
|561
|—
|219
|-
|[[Airbus A310|A310]]
|2 engines, wide-body
| style="text-align:center;"|187
|data-sort-value="2"| 3 April 1982
|data-sort-value="1"| 27 March 1998
|255
|255
|—
|52
|-
|[[Airbus A320 family|A320]]
|2 engines, narrow-body
| style="text-align:center;" |107–185
|data-sort-value="3"| 22 February 1987
|
|18,460
|11,328
|7,132
|10,630
|-
|[[Airbus A330|A330]]
|2 engines, wide-body
| style="text-align:center;" |246–300
|data-sort-value="5"| 2 November 1992
|
|1,774
|1,598
|176
|1,479
|-
|[[Airbus A340|A340]]
|4 engines, wide-body
| style="text-align:center;" |239–377
|data-sort-value="4"| 25 October 1991
|data-sort-value="3"| 10 November 2011
|377
|377
|—
|202
|-
|[[Airbus A350|A350]]
|2 engines, wide-body
| style="text-align:center;" |270–350
|data-sort-value="7"| 14 June 2013
|
|1,277
|592
|652
|586
|-
|[[Airbus A380|A380]]
|4 engines, wide-body, double deck
| style="text-align:center;" |555
|data-sort-value="6"| 27 April 2005
|data-sort-value="4"| 1 January 2022
|251
|251
|—
|234
|-
| colspan="9" | <small>''Data as of 29 February 2024.''<ref name="Airbus O&D">{{cite web |date=29 February 2024 |title=Orders and deliveries {{!}} Airbus |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/commercial-aircraft/market/orders-and-deliveries |access-date=17 March 2024 |website=www.airbus.com |publisher=Airbus}}</ref></small>
|}


The company is also a 50% owner of the [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] joint venture which builds the [[ATR 42]] and [[ATR 72]] regional aircraft.

=== Corporate jets ===
[[File:Airbus A330-203 Qatar Airways.jpg|thumb|VIP aircraft [[Airbus A330]] of [[Qatar Amiri Flight]] taxiing at [[Zagreb Airport]]]]
[[Airbus Corporate Jets]] markets and modifies new aircraft for private and corporate customers. It has a model range that parallels the commercial aircraft offered by the company. Following the entry of the 737-based [[Boeing Business Jet]], Airbus joined the business jet market with the A319 Corporate Jet in 1997. Although the term Airbus Corporate Jet was initially used only for the A319CJ, it is now often used for all models, including VIP widebodies. As of December 2008, 121 corporate and private jets are operating, and 164 aircraft have been ordered.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airbus.com/en/aircraftfamilies/executive_aviation/|title=Airbus Executive and Private Aviation|work=airbus.com|access-date=6 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420012534/http://www.airbus.com/en/aircraftfamilies/executive_aviation|archive-date=20 April 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The company is also a 10% owner of [[Dassault Aviation]], which builds the [[Dassault Falcon|Falcon family]] of smaller business jets.

=== Military ===
[[File:Airbus A400M Rollout.JPG|thumb|The first [[A400M]] in Seville, 26 June 2008]] [[Airbus Defence and Space]] markets and either builds or modifies new aircraft for military use. Airbus became increasingly interested in developing and selling to the military aviation market in the late 1990s. It embarked on two main fields of development: [[Aerial refueling|aerial refuelling]] with the [[Airbus A310 MRTT]] (Multi-Role Tanker Transport) and later the [[Airbus A330 MRTT]], and [[tactical airlift]] with the [[Airbus A400M Atlas]]. The company has also continued to market and assemble some military aircraft previously offered by the companies that formed Airbus, notably [[CASA (aircraft manufacturer)|CASA]].

The A310 and A330-based MRTT aircraft are conversions of civilian airliners. The aircraft are called multi-role tanker transports because, in addition to their aerial refuelling capability, the aircraft can also be configured for troop transport, medevac, and cargo transportation.

The A400M Atlas is a four-engine, turboprop-powered tactical transport aircraft. The A400M is sized between the American-made [[Lockheed C-130 Hercules|C-130]] and the [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III|C-17]] transports, and while it can carry heavier loads than the C-130, its turboprop engines allow it to retain the ability to use rough landing strips. The A400M was developed for European [[NATO]] members, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Spain, Turkey, and the UK, as an alternative to relying on foreign aircraft. During development, the A400M programme faced delays and cost overruns;<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2009 |title=Why wait for the Airbus? |url=http://www.defencemanagement.com/feature_story.asp?id=11798 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709011137/http://www.defencemanagement.com/feature_story.asp?id=11798 |archive-date=9 July 2011 |publisher=Defence Management |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=30 October 2007 |title=Airbus A400M delay does not foster confidence |url=https://arielis.com/news/article/airbus-delay-does-not-foster-confidence/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220084801/https://arielis.com/news/article/airbus-delay-does-not-foster-confidence/ |archive-date=20 December 2016 |access-date=8 December 2016 |work=Forbes |df=dmy-all}}</ref> with customer nations stepping in offer additional subsidies.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 July 2009 |title=A400M Partners to Renegotiate Contract with EADS |url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=4204306 |publisher=Defense News}}{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="FTscrap">{{cite web |author1=Hollinger, Peggy |author2=Clark, Pilita |author3=Lemer, Jeremy |date=5 January 2010 |title=Airbus threatens to scrap A400M aircraft |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/dfb12870-f9f1-11de-adb4-00144feab49a.html?catid=4&SID=google |work=Financial Times}}</ref>  The first aircraft was delivered to the [[French Air and Space Force|French Air Force]] in 2013, and by 2023, more than 100 aircraft had been built.

The Defence and Space division also market and assembles the [[Airbus C295]], a smaller tactical transport aircraft, that was designed and initially manufactured by the [[Spain|Spanish]] aerospace company [[CASA (aircraft manufacturer)|CASA]].

The company is also a 50% owner of the [[ArianeGroup]] joint venture which builds the [[Ariane 5]] space launch vehicle, a 46% owner of the [[Eurofighter GmbH|Eurofighter]] joint venture which builds the [[Eurofighter Typhoon|Typhoon]] fighter jet, a 42.5% owner of the [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia Aircraft]] joint venture which built the [[Panavia Tornado|Tornado]] fighter jet, a 37.5% owner of the [[MBDA]] joint venture which builds missiles, and a 10% owner of Dassault Aviation which builds the [[Dassault Rafale|Rafale]] fighter jet, and previously, the [[Dassault Mirage 2000|Mirage 2000]] fighter.

=== Helicopters ===
[[Airbus Helicopters]] markets and builds new rotorcraft for civilian and military use. The division was founded formed in 1992 as the Eurocopter Group, through the merger of the helicopter divisions of [[Aérospatiale]] and [[DASA]] (two of the founding companies of Airbus). Airbus Helicopters is the foremost player in the turbine helicopter industry both in terms of revenues and deliveries.

The division's civilian products include the single engine [[H125]] and [[H130]], the light twin engine [[H135]] and [[H145]], the medium twin engine [[H155]] and [[Airbus Helicopters H160|H160]], the super medium twin engine [[Airbus Helicopters H175|H175]], and the heavy twin engine [[H215]] and [[H225]].

Military products include the [[Eurocopter Tiger|Tiger]] attack helicopter, along with militarized versions of the H125, H135, H145, H160, H175, H215, and H225.

The company is also a 62.5% owner of the [[NHIndustries]] joint venture, which builds the [[NHIndustries NH90|NH90]] military utility helicopter.

== Organisation ==

=== Divisions ===
{{Pie chart
 | caption= Revenues by division, as of 2023:
 | label1 = Commercial aircraft
 | value1 = 72
 | color1 = #FFD741
 | label2 = Defence and Space
 | value2 = 17
 | color2 = #FFA281
 | label3 = Helicopters
 | value3 = 11
 | color3 = #79E491
 }}

==== Commercial Aircraft ====
Commercial aircraft generated 74% of total revenue for the Airbus group in 2018 and 72% in 2023.<ref>{{cite web |title=Airbus FY results 2018 |url=https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/financial-and-company-information/FY2018-Airbus-PRESENTATION.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043914/https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/financial-and-company-information/FY2018-Airbus-PRESENTATION.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2019 |access-date=4 March 2019 |website=Airbus}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2024 |title=Airbus FY Results 2023 |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2024-02/Airbus_FY_2023_Presentation.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240408223749/https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2024-02/Airbus_FY_2023_Presentation.pdf |archive-date=8 April 2024 |website=Airbus}}</ref> The key trends for Airbus Commercial Aircraft (excluding Defence, Space and Helicopters) are as of each financial year ending December 31:<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=Investors {{!}} Financial Results & Annual Reports |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/financial-results-annual-reports |access-date=2023-11-22 |website=www.airbus.com|date=22 June 2021 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Revenue<br>(€ b)
!Operating<br>income{{Efn|"EBIT"}}<br>(€ b)
!Value of<br>order book<br>(€ b)
!Unfulfilled<br>orders{{Efn|"Orderbook"}}
!Net order<br>intake
!Aircraft<br>deliveries
!Number of<br>employees
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2016
|49.2
|1.5
|1,010
|6,874
|731
|688
|73,852
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2017
|43.4
|2.2
|950
|7,265
|1,109
|718
|74,542
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2018
|47.9
|4.2
|411{{Efn|International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 15 was applied from 2018|name=IFRS}}
|7,577
|747
|800
|80,924
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2019
|54.7
|1.7
|424
|7,482
|768
|863
|80,985
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2020
|34.2
|<span style="color:red;">−1.3</span>
|324
|7,184
|268
|566
|78,487
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2021
|36.1
|4.1
|345
|7,082
|507
|611
|73,560
|-
| style="text-align:left;" |2022
|41.4
|4.8
|390
|7,239
|820
|661
|79,134
|-
|2023
|47.7
|3.6
|490
|8,598
|2,094
|735
|90,032
|}

==== Defence and Space ====

The division [[Airbus Defence and Space]] was formed in January 2014 as part of the group restructuring from the former EADS divisions [[Airbus Military]], [[Astrium]], and Cassidian (composed of Cassidian Electronics – develops and manufactures sensors, radars, avionics and electronic warfare systems for military and security applications, Cassidian Air Systems – develops manned and unmanned aerial systems (UAVs), mission avionics, electronic defence and warning systems and Cassidian Systems – provides global security systems such as command & control, lead system integration, [[Terrestrial Trunked Radio|TETRA]] and [[TETRAPOL]] communication systems for public safety, industry, transportation and defence. This line of business was the first one in the world to begin field tests with TETRA Enhanced Data Service (TEDS).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bapcojournal.com/m/fullstory.php/aid/559 |title=EADS demonstrates world's first high speed data solution over TETRA |publisher=Bapco Journal |access-date=12 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707212222/http://www.bapcojournal.com/m/fullstory.php/aid/559 |archive-date=7 July 2011  }}</ref><ref>[http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/9e29cfb0-73be-11e3-a0c0-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2pGiV3qzr EADS changes name to Airbus], subscription required.</ref>
* [[EADS 3 Sigma]]{{spaced ndash}}a Hellenic company focused on the design, development, production and services provision of airborne and surface target drone systems.

The [[Airbus Military]] division, which manufactured tanker, transport and mission aircraft; [[Airbus Helicopters]], the world's largest helicopter supplier; [[Astrium]], provided systems for aerial, land, naval and civilian security applications including [[Ariane (rocket family)|Ariane]], [[Galileo (satellite navigation)|Galileo]] and [[Cassidian]]. Through Cassidian, EADS was a partner in the [[Eurofighter]] consortium as well as in the missile systems provider [[MBDA]].

==== Helicopters ====

[[Airbus Helicopters]], formerly known as Eurocopter, is a helicopter manufacturing and support company.
{{Structural evolution of Airbus SE}}[[File:Airbus A330neo and A350 Qatar Airways.jpg|thumb|An [[Airbus A330neo]] and a [[Qatar Airways]] [[Airbus A350-900]] at [[Toulouse-Blagnac Airport]]]]
[[File:WizzAir в аэропорту Брест.jpg|thumb|[[Airbus A321]] in new [[Wizz Air]] livery at [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]] airport, [[Belarus]]]]

=== Subsidiaries ===
* Airbus APWorks<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apworks.de/apworks/int/en/About-us/About-us.html |access-date=10 February 2015 |title=Airbus APWorks |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210160644/http://www.apworks.de/apworks/int/en/About-us/About-us.html |archive-date=10 February 2015  }}</ref>
* AirBusiness Academy<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.asdnews.com/news/aerospace/2019/03/14/airbus-embryriddle-singapore-sign-mou-aviation-education |title=Airbus and Embry-riddle in Singapore Sign MoU on Aviation Education |website=asdnews.com |date=14 March 2019 |access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref>
* Airbus Flight Academy
* [[Airbus Group, Inc.]] – the U.S. holding company for the North American activities of Airbus Group
* [[Airbus Transport International]] – cargo airline managing the transportation of Airbus parts between facilities
* Airbus Protect<ref>{{cite web |title=Airbus Protect |url=https://www.protect.airbus.com/ |publisher=Airbus Protect}}</ref>
* Airbus Crisa<ref>{{cite web |title=Airbus Crisa |url=https://crisa.airbus.com/ |publisher=Airbus Crisa}}</ref>
* [[Dornier Consulting]]
* GPT<ref>{{cite web | last=Oke<!--from page source-->| first=Jack | title=GPT pleads guilty to corruption | website=Serious Fraud Office | date=28 April 2021 | url=https://www.sfo.gov.uk/2021/04/28/gpt-pleads-guilty-to-corruption/}}</ref>
* [[NAVBLUE]]
* [[Premium AEROTEC]]<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.airbusgroup.com/dam/assets/airbusgroup/int/en/investor-relations/documents/2013/Annual-Reports/fr/EADS-Registration-Document-2013/EADS%20Registration%20Document%202013.pdf|access-date=12 February 2015|title=EADS Registration Document 2013 (Page 48)|publisher=EADS}}</ref>
* [[Satair]]
* [[Stelia Aerospace]]
* [[Testia]]
* UP42<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/airbus-subsidiary-up42-unveils-data-analytics-platform/|access-date=24 March 2022|title=Airbus subsidiary UP42 unveils data, analytics platform|date=17 September 2019 |publisher=Spacenews}}</ref>
* [[VoltAir]]

=== Joint ventures ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Holding !! Description
|-
| Airbus Canada Limited Partnership || {{Percentage bar|75}} || manufacturer of the [[Airbus A220]] family of airliners
|-
| [[ArianeGroup]] || {{Percentage bar|50}} || manufacturer of the [[Ariane 5]] and [[Ariane 6]] space launch vehicles
|-
| [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] || {{Percentage bar|50}} || manufacturer of the [[ATR 42]] and [[ATR 72]] regional aircraft
|-
| [[Dassault Aviation]] || {{Percentage bar|10.53}} || manufacturer of the [[Dassault Rafale|Rafale]] fighter jet and [[Dassault Falcon|Falcon]] business jets
|-
| [[Eurofighter GmbH|Eurofighter]] || {{Percentage bar|46}} || manufacturer of the [[Eurofighter Typhoon|Typhoon]] fighter jet
|-
| [[MBDA]] || {{Percentage bar|37.5}} || manufacturer of missile systems
|-
|[[NHIndustries]]
|{{Percentage bar|62.5}}
|manufacturer of the [[NHIndustries NH90|NH90]] military utility helicopter
|-
| [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia Aircraft]] || {{Percentage bar|42.5}} || manufacturer of the [[Panavia Tornado|Tornado]] fighter jet
|}

=== Largest shareholders ===
The 10 largest shareholder of Airbus in early 2024 were:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airbus SE: Shareholders Board Members Managers and Company Profile {{!}} NL0000235190 {{!}} MarketScreener |url=https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/AIRBUS-SE-4637/company-shareholders/ |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=www.marketscreener.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Government of France]] (10.83%)
* [[German Government|Government of Germany]] (10.82%)
* [[Government of Spain]] (4.081%)
* [[The Children's Investment Fund Management]] (3.013%)
* [[Amundi]] (0.3994%)
* [[Silverbay Capital Management]] (0.2518%)
* [[OFI Invest Asset Management]] (0.1688%)
* [[Crédit Mutuel]] (0.1611 %)
* [[Moneta Asset Management]] (0.1139 %)
* [[Rothschild & Co]] (0.1110 %)

== Senior leadership ==
The corporate management of Airbus is:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.airbus.com/company/corporate-governance/executive-and-operational-committees.html |title=Executive and Operational Committees |publisher=Airbus |date=1 July 2021 |access-date=20 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''Chairman:'' [[René Obermann]] (since April 2020)
* ''Chief Executive:'' [[Guillaume Faury]] (since April 2019)
{{col-float}}
; Former chairmen
# [[Franz Josef Strauss]] (1970–1988)
# [[Edzard Reuter]] (1994–1998)
# [[Jürgen E. Schrempp]] (1998–2000)
# [[Manfred Bischoff]] (2000–2007)
# [[Arnaud Lagardère]] (2007–2013)
# [[Denis Ranque]] (2013–2019)
{{col-float-break}}
; Former chief executives
# [[Henri Ziegler]] (1970–1975)
# Bernard Lathière (1975–1984)
# [[Jean Pierson]] (1985–1998)
# [[Noël Forgeard]] (1998–2005)
# [[Gustav Humbert]] (2005–2006)
# Christian Streiff (2006)
# [[Louis Gallois]] (2006–2012)
# [[Tom Enders]] (2012–2019)
{{col-float-end}}

== International manufacturing presence ==
{{Update section|date=October 2021}}{{Panorama
| image = Airbus Toulouse plant entrance DSC02696.jpg
| height = 140
| caption = {{center|Airbus factory at [[Toulouse-Blagnac Airport]] in France ({{Coord|43|36|44|N|1|21|47|E}})}}
}}
{{Panorama|image=Hh-eads1.jpg|height=140|caption={{center|[[Airbus Hamburg-Finkenwerder]] factory in Germany}}}}
{{Panorama|image=AIRBUS.Getafe.SPAIN.2013.06.08.jpg|height=140|caption={{center|Airbus factory in [[Getafe]], Spain}}}}Airbus has several final assembly lines for different models and markets. These are:
* [[Toulouse]], France (A320 family, A330 and A350)
* [[Airbus Hamburg-Finkenwerder]], [[Hamburg]], Germany (A320 family)
* [[Bremen]], Germany (A350)
* [[Seville]], Spain (A400M and C295)
* [[Tianjin]], China (A320 family)
* [[Airbus Mobile]], [[Mobile, Alabama]], United States (A220 and A320 family)
* [[Mirabel, Quebec]]: [[Airbus Canada]] originator of the [[A220]]

Airbus, however, has a number of other plants in different European locations, reflecting its foundation as a consortium.

For aircraft assembled in Europe, aircraft parts often move between the different factories and the assembly lines via the use of the [[Airbus Beluga|Beluga]] and [[Airbus BelugaXL|BelugaXL]], a fleet modified aircraft capable of carrying entire sections of fuselage. For aircraft assembled in China and the United States, the parts needed to build an aircraft meet in a single European location where they are loaded onto ships for the final journey to the assembly line.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Appelbaum |first1=Binyamin |last2=Payne |first2=Christopher |date=3 May 2017 |title=A Look Inside Airbus's Epic Assembly Line |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/03/magazine/a-look-inside-airbuss-epic-assembly-line.html |access-date=19 March 2024 |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hepher |first=Tim |date=24 June 2008 |title=Airbus ships first kit to Chinese assembly plant |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUKL2426853120080624/ |access-date=21 March 2024 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>

Airbus opened an assembly plant for the A320 family of aircraft in [[Tianjin]], China in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-126381148.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110811092529/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-126381148.html |url-status = dead |archive-date = 11 August 2011 |title = Airbus to build A320 jet assembly line in Tianjin in 2006 |publisher=AsiaInfo Services |date = 18 July 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://sify.com/news/international/fullstory.php?a=jgxra8gcbbb&title=Airbus_delivers_first_China-assembled_A320_jet |title = Airbus delivers first China-assembled A320 jet |website = Sify News |date = 23 June 2009 |access-date = 1 October 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141031111635/http://www.sify.com/news/international/fullstory.php?a=jgxra8gcbbb&title=Airbus_delivers_first_China-assembled_A320_jet |archive-date = 31 October 2014 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="eads_20061026_pr">{{cite web|url=http://www.airbus.com/en/presscentre/pressreleases/pressreleases_items/06_10_26_agreement_A320_FAL_China.html |title=Airbus signs framework agreement with Chinese consortium on A320 Final Assembly Line in China |publisher=Airbus official |date=26 October 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061214183501/http://www.airbus.com/en/presscentre/pressreleases/pressreleases_items/06_10_26_agreement_A320_FAL_China.html |archive-date=14 December 2006 }}</ref> Airbus started constructing a $350&nbsp;million component manufacturing plant in [[Harbin]], China in July 2009, which now employs over 1,000 people.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=conewsstory&refer=conews&tkr=CAICPZ%3ACH&sid=agA3dlq3Jp.o |title = Airbus, Harbin Aircraft form Chinese parts venture |publisher=Bloomberg |date = 16 July 2008 |first = Jiang |last = Jianguo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/JB05Cb02.html |archive-url = https://archive.today/20070614082101/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/JB05Cb02.html |url-status = unfit |archive-date = 14 June 2007 |title = China's commercial aviation in take-off mode |work=Asia Times|date = 8 February 2008 |first = Eugene |last = Kogan}}</ref>  It was fully operational by early 2011,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaminski-Morrow2011-03-01T01:26:58+00:00 |first=David |title=Airbus opens A350 composite rudder plant in China |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/airbus-opens-a350-composite-rudder-plant-in-china/98603.article |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref> the 30,000 square metre plant manufactures composite parts and assembles composite work-packages for the A350 XWB, A320 families and future Airbus programmes. Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Corporation, Hafei Aviation Industry Company Ltd, [[AviChina Industry & Technology]] and other Chinese partners hold an 80% stake in the plant while Airbus controls the remaining 20%.<ref name="China Daily">{{cite web |url = http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-07/01/content_8342103.htm |title = Airbus starts $350&nbsp;million Harbin plant construction |work=China Daily |date = 1 July 2009}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|date=October 2021}} In 2022, the Tianjin plant finished upgrading works to allow for production of A321.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-11-airbus-final-assembly-line-asia-assembles-its-first-a321-aircraft|access-date=14 April 2023|website=Airbus|title=Airbus final assembly line
|date=November 2022}}</ref> In 2023, the Tianjin final assembly plant started construction to be expanded with a second production line.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airbus breaks ground on second China final assembly line-Xinhua |url=https://english.news.cn/20230928/c48007f1032341cca103c233ded8ecb3/c.html |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=english.news.cn}}</ref>

North America plays a crucial role for Airbus, both in terms of aircraft sales and suppliers. Of the approximately 5,300 Airbus jetliners sold worldwide, 2,000 are ordered by North American customers. These orders span Airbus' entire product line, from the compact A318 to the massive A380, accommodating 107 to 565 passengers. Notably, US contractors contribute significantly, supporting around 120,000 jobs and generating an estimated $5.5 billion in business. For instance, one variant of the A380 boasts 51% American content in terms of work share value. <!-- Applies to GP7200 version of the A380 only -->

Plans for a [[Mobile, Alabama]] aircraft assembly plant were unveiled by Airbus CEO Fabrice Brégier from the Mobile Convention Centre on 2 July 2012. The plans include a $600 million factory at the [[Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley]] for the assembly of the [[Airbus A220|A220]], A319, A320 and [[Airbus A321|A321]] aircraft. It could employ up to 1,000 full-time workers when operational. Construction began on 8 April 2013, and became operable by 2015,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-offers-sneak-peek-inside-alabama-a320-factory-416669/|title=Airbus offers sneak-peek inside Alabama A320 factory|date=14 September 2015}}</ref> producing up to 50 aircraft per year by 2017.<ref name="apconfirm">{{cite news|title=Airbus to Build 1st US Assembly Plant in Alabama |agency=Associated Press |author=Melissa Nelson-Gabriel |date=2 July 2012 |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/officials-ala-airbus-plant-employ-1000-16690789#.T_HRzJHhcqN |access-date=2 July 2012}}</ref><ref name="bbcconfirm">{{cite news|title=Airbus confirms its first US factory to build A320 jet |work=BBC News |date=2 July 2012 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18675711 |access-date=2 July 2012}}</ref>

== Financial information ==
The key trends of Airbus SE are (as of each financial year ending December 31):<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-22 |title=Airbus SE - Financial Results & Annual Reports |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/financial-results-annual-reports#annualreports |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=www.airbus.com |language=en}}</ref>{{Efn|Accounted for under IFRS}}
{{sticky header}}

{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style="background:#f8f9faff;text-align:center;"
!
!Revenue<br>(€ b)
!Net profit{{Efn|"Consolidated net income"}}<br>(€ b)
!Research and<br>development<br>expenses<br>(€ b)
!New orders{{Efn|"Order intake"}}<br>(€ b)
!Order backlog{{Efn|at year end|name=at year end}}<br>(€ b)
!Number of<br>employees{{Efn|at year end|name=at year end}}<br>(k)
!References
|-
|2004
|31.7
|1.3
|2.1
|44.1
|184
|110
|
|-
|2005
|34.2
|1.7
|2.0
|92.5
|253
|113
|
|-
|2006
|39.4
|0.19
|2.4
|69.0
|262
|116
|
|-
|2007
|39.1
|<span style="color:red;">−0.43</span>
|2.6
|136
|339
|116
|
|-
|2008
|43.2
|1.6
|2.6
|98.6
|400
|118
|
|-
|2009
|42.8
|<span style="color:red;">−0.72</span>
|2.8
|45.8
|389
|119
|
|-
|2010
|45.7
|0.58
|2.9
|83.1
|448
|121
|
|-
|2011
|49.1
|1.1
|3.1
|131
|540
|133
|
|-
|2012
|56.4
|1.1
|3.1
|102
|566
|140
|
|-
|2013
|59.2
|1.4
|3.1
|218
|686
|144
|
|-
|2014
|60.7
|2.3
|3.4
|166
|857
|138
|
|-
|2015
|64.4
|2.6
|3.4
|159
|1,005
|136
|
|-
|2016
|66.5
|0.99
|2.9
|134
|1,060
|133
|
|-
|2017
|66.7
|2.8
|2.8
|158
|997
|129
|
|-
|2018
|63.7
|3.0
|3.2
|55.5
|459{{Efn|name=IFRS}}
|133
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2019 |title=Airbus reports strong Full-Year 2018 results, delivers on guidance |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2b515992bdd4e8c4f5da830772b536b1_EN-Airbus-FY2018-Results.pdf |access-date=1 March 2023 |website=Airbus}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|70.4
|<span style="color:red;">−1.3</span>
|3.3
|81.1
|471
|134
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Airbus Bilanz & Dividenden |url=https://www.wallstreet-online.de/aktien/airbus/bilanz-dividende |access-date=2022-03-25 |website=wallstreet-online.de |language=de}}</ref>
|-
|2020
|49.9
|<span style="color:red;">−1.1</span>
|2.8
|33.2
|373
|131
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|2021
|52.1
|4.2
|2.7
|62.0
|398
|126
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2022 |title=Airbus Reports Strong Full-Year (FY) 2021 Results |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2022-02/EN-Press-Release-Airbus-FY2021-Results_0.pdf}}</ref>
|-
|2022
|58.7
|4.2
|3.0
|82.5
|449
|134
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2023 |title=Airbus reports Full-Year (FY) 2022 results |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2023-02/EN-Press-Release-Airbus-FY2022-Results.pdf |access-date=1 March 2023 |website=Airbus}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|65.4
|3.7
|3.2
|186
|553
|147
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 Mar 2024 |title=Airbus SE Annual Report 2023 |url=https://www.airbus.com/sites/g/files/jlcbta136/files/2024-03/Airbus-Annual-Report-2023.pdf |website=Airbus SE}}</ref>
|}{{update section|date=July 2024}}
In October 2005 the British [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]] warned European politicians to stop, as it saw it, interfering in the corporate governance of EADS. The former UK Defence Procurement Minister [[Paul Drayson, Baron Drayson|Lord Drayson]] hinted that the UK government, a major customer for EADS, may withhold future contracts. "As a key customer, we see it as important for EADS to move in a direction that is free from political interference."<ref>{{cite news | last = Roberston | first = David | title = MoD tells European leaders to stop meddling in EADS |work=The Times |location=UK |date=5 October 2006 | url = http://business.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,13130-2389278,00.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061007232152/http://www.business.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,13130-2389278,00.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 7 October 2006 | access-date =15 October 2006 }}</ref>

On 4 April 2006, DaimlerChrysler announced its intention to reduce its shareholding from 30&thinsp;% to 22.5&thinsp;%. The company placed a value of the stake at "approximately €2.0 billion."<ref name="DaimlerReduce">{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/9fdcc2ee-c440-11da-bc52-0000779e2340|title=Daimler and Lagardère cut EADS stakes|website=Financial Times|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=4 April 2006}}{{dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Lagardère was to reduce its holding by an identical amount. However, [[Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations]], a unit of the French government, acquired 2.25&thinsp;% of EADS. At issue, as a result, is the fact that the German and French shareholdings were now in imbalance.<ref name="iht_20060411">"[http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/04/11/business/airbus.php Airbus plays catch-up with A350 jet]." Phillips, D. ''[[International Herald Tribune]]''. 11 April 2006.</ref>

On 30 August 2006, shortly after the stock price decline caused by the A380 delivery delays, more than 5&thinsp;% of EADS stock was reportedly purchased by the Russian state-owned [[VTB Bank|Vneshtorgbank]],<ref name="vneshtorgbank_yahoo">"[https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060830/ap_on_bi_ge/france_russia_eads_2 EADS shares up on Vneshtorgbank reports] {{dead link|date=April 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}." [[Yahoo News]]. 30 August 2006.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Russian bank acquires 5% in EADS |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/russian-bank-acquires-5-in-eads/articleshow/1937452.cms?from=mdr |website=The Economic Times |access-date=16 March 2020 |date=30 August 2006}}</ref> bringing its share to nearly 6&thinsp;%. In December 2007, Vneshtorgbank sold EADS shares to another state-controlled bank, [[Vnesheconombank (Russia)|Vnesheconombank]]. EADS shares were to be delivered by Vneshekonombank to the charter capital of JSC [[United Aircraft Corporation]] in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |title=UPDATE 1-Russia VTB to sell EADS stake at market price-CEO |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/vtb-eads/update-1-russia-vtb-to-sell-eads-stake-at-market-price-ceo-idUSL081002220071208/ |website=Reuters |access-date=16 March 2020 |language=en |date=8 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS N.V. |title=EADS REGISTRATION DOCUMENT 2011 |url=https://dl.bourse.lu/dl?v=q/NZKKVKh4n8E8jJ1tY0mr30O5dVx0s1e/x3Zx9ycU4MNAFz11tQmjV8IWkKD5EJVvgKfOEkuQFpx2SQZDvTJLf6IOTBqDeme1e06fM4Xnsac47w8Hdm+/gOvYK/zZWe/hHKBsnCcjMz7GxHlW2tByX1+0FQaMSZcJTEg6lnjkozoDs8p3groj2OWBu1nOVAtvnulngU3z6IcHrE4O/6stfxpTGpQSl2fKEDOizSsT0= |access-date=16 March 2020 |format=pdf}}</ref>{{Importance inline|reason=Do the Russian banks or UAC still have any shares? If not, does this paragraph matter any more?|date=July 2024}}

On 3 October 2006, shortly after EADS admitted further delays in the Airbus 380 programme would cost the company 4.8 billion euros in lost earnings in 2010, EADS shares, traded on the Paris arm of Euronext, were suspended after they surpassed the 10&thinsp;% loss limit. Trading resumed later in the day with the one-day loss holding at 7&thinsp;%.{{Importance inline|date=July 2024}}

In 2007, [[Dubai Holding]] acquired 3.12&thinsp;% of EADS stock, making the Dubai buy-out fund one of the largest institutional shareholders.<ref>John, Isaac. [http://khaleejtimes.ae/DisplayArticleNew.asp?xfile=data/business/2007/July/business_July224.xml&section=business&col=/ "Dubai Int'l Capital buys 3.12pc stake in EADS"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926224631/http://khaleejtimes.ae/DisplayArticleNew.asp?xfile=data%2Fbusiness%2F2007%2FJuly%2Fbusiness_July224.xml&section=business&col=%2F |date=26 September 2007 }}, [[Khaleej Times]], 6 July 2007.</ref>{{Importance inline|date=July 2024}}

In 2008, EADS had arms sales equivalent to $17.9 billion, which constituted 28&thinsp;% of total revenue.<ref name="SIPRItable">[http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/production/Top100 The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing companies, 2008] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524090136/http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/production/Top100 |date=24 May 2011 }} ''[[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]]'', 12 April 2010. Retrieved: 4 May 2010.</ref>{{Importance inline|date=July 2024}}

In April 2013, Daimler sold its shares in EADS.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://ar2013.daimler.com/management-report/corporate-profile/portfolio-changes-and-strategic-cooperations <!-- whole report: https://www.daimler.com/documents/investors/berichte/geschaeftsberichte/daimler/daimler-ir-annualreport-2013.pdf |page= 79--> |title= Portfolio changes and strategic cooperations |quote= Daimler sells remaining equity interest in EADS: On 27 March 2013, the extraordinary shareholders' meeting of EADS approved a new management and shareholder structure. Subsequently, on 2 April 2013, the shareholders' pact concluded in the year 2000 was dissolved and replaced with a new shareholders' pact without the participation of Daimler. |publisher= Daimler |work= Annual Report 2013 |date= 21 February 2014 |access-date= 10 January 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180110234140/http://ar2013.daimler.com/management-report/corporate-profile/portfolio-changes-and-strategic-cooperations |archive-date= 10 January 2018 |url-status= dead |df= dmy-all }}</ref>

{{As of|2018|06|22}}, 73.6&thinsp;% of Airbus Group stock is publicly traded on six European stock exchanges, while the remaining 26.4&thinsp;% is owned by a "Contractual Partnership". As of 26 April 2018, the partnership is owned by [[SOGEPA]] (11.1%), GZBV (11.1%) and [[SEPI]] (4.2%). SOGEPA is owned by the French State, GZBV is majority owned by [[KfW]], and SEPI is a Spanish state holding company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airbus.com/investors/share-price-and-information.html#shareholding|title=Share Price & Information: Shareholding structure: Current capital structure|date=26 April 2018|access-date=22 June 2018|publisher=Airbus Group}}</ref>

In April 2020, Airbus announced that it had cut aircraft production by a third due to the COVID-19 outbreak. According to Guillaume Faury, the company was "bleeding cash at an unprecedented speed." The recession put its survival at stake and presented the need for deep job cuts throughout all Airbus departments. 3,000 workers in France were involved in government-assisted furlough schemes.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-52436741|title=Airbus boss warns company is 'bleeding cash'|date=2020-04-27|work=BBC News|access-date=2020-04-27|language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Environmental record ==
{{see also|Environmental impact of aviation}}

Airbus has committed to "Flightpath 2050", an aviation industry plan to reduce noise, CO<sub>2</sub>, and [[NOx]] emissions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airbus.com/company/environment/|title=Environment &#124; Airbus, a leading aircraft manufacturer|publisher=Airbus.com|access-date=14 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115184354/http://www.airbus.com/company/environment/|archive-date=15 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Airbus was the first aerospace business to become ISO 14001 certified, in January 2007; this is a broader certification covering the whole organisation, not just the aircraft it produces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airbus.com/innovation/eco-efficiency/|title=Eco-efficiency &#124; Airbus, a leading aircraft manufacturer|publisher=Airbus.com|access-date=14 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115235804/http://www.airbus.com/innovation/eco-efficiency/|archive-date=15 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In association with [[Honeywell]] and [[JetBlue]], Airbus has developed a [[biofuel]] to reduce pollution and dependence on fossil fuels, claiming that this has the potential to replace up to a third of the world's aviation fuel. Algae-based biofuel absorbs carbon dioxide during growth and does not compete with food production. This alternative may be commercially available by 2030 but algae and other vegetation-based fuels are in an early stage of development, and fuel-bearing algae have been expensive to develop.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://news.cnet.com/8301-11128_3-9945505-54.html |title = Biofuel gets lift from Honeywell, Airbus, JetBlue |publisher = CNET |first = Jonathan |last = Skillings |date = 15 May 2008 |access-date = 4 September 2011 |archive-date = 5 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131105210841/http://news.cnet.com/8301-11128_3-9945505-54.html |url-status = dead }}</ref> Airbus offers delivery flights to airlines using a 10% biofuel blend in standard engines. The fuel does not cut carbon emissions but is free of sulphur emissions, which demonstrates that the fuel could be used in commercial flights in unmodified engines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/press-releases/en/2017/06/airbus-demonstrates-regular-customer-delivery-flights-with-sustainable-jet-fuel.html|title=Airbus demonstrates regular customer delivery flights with sustainable jet fuel|website=Airbus|language=en|access-date=2018-07-16}}</ref>

In September 2020, Airbus unveiled three [[liquid hydrogen]]-fueled "ZEROe" concept aircraft that it claims could become the first commercial zero-emission aircraft, entering service by 2035.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-09-21|title=Airbus unveils 'first zero-emission planes' plan|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-54242176|access-date=2020-09-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Tidey|first=Alice|date=2020-09-21|title=Airbus unveils concepts for zero-emission planes powered by hydrogen|url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2020/09/21/airbus-unveils-concepts-for-zero-emission-planes-powered-by-hydrogen|access-date=2020-09-22|website=euronews|language=en}}</ref> The design includes an aircraft with six eight-bladed turbo-prop removable motors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-01 |title=These pods could provide a blueprint for future hydrogen aircraft {{!}} Airbus |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/stories/2020-12-these-pods-could-provide-a-blueprint-for-future-hydrogen-aircraft |access-date=2024-05-26 |website=www.airbus.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Controversies ==

=== Government subsidies ===
Boeing has continually protested over "launch aid" and other forms of government aid to Airbus, while Airbus has argued that Boeing receives illegal subsidies through military and research contracts and tax breaks.<ref>{{cite news |title= New European Airbus could affect US jobs |work=Free-lance Star |first = Jack |last = Anderson |date=8 May 1978}}</ref>

In July 2004, former Boeing CEO [[Harry Stonecipher]] accused Airbus of abusing a 1992 bilateral EU-US agreement providing for disciplines for large civil aircraft support from governments. Airbus is given reimbursable launch investment (RLI), called "launch aid" by the US, from European governments, with the money being paid back with interest plus indefinite royalties, but only if the aircraft is a commercial success.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2095-1631948,00.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20060114200645/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2095-1631948,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 January 2006 |date=29 May 2005 |title=Trade war threatened over £379m subsidy for Airbus |work=The Times |location=UK |first = Andrew |last = Porter }}</ref> Airbus contends that this system is fully compliant with the 1992 agreement and [[World Trade Organization|WTO]] rules. The agreement allows up to 33% of the programme cost to be met through government loans, which are to be fully repaid within 17 years with interest and royalties. These loans are held at a minimum interest rate equal to the cost of government borrowing plus 0.25%, which would be below market rates available to Airbus without government support.<ref name=autogenerated4>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3722888.stm |date=7 October 2004 |title=Q&A: Boeing and Airbus |work=BBC News  | access-date=1 January 2010}}</ref> Airbus claims that since the signature of the EU-US agreement in 1992, it has repaid European governments more than U.S.$6.7&nbsp;billion and that this is 40% more than it has received.

Airbus argues that the military contracts awarded to Boeing, the second largest U.S. defence contractor, are in effect a form of subsidy, such as the controversy surrounding the Boeing [[KC-767]] military contracting arrangements. The significant U.S. government support of technology development via [[NASA]] also provides significant support to Boeing, as do the large tax breaks offered to Boeing, which some people claim are in violation of the 1992 agreement and [[WTO]] rules. In its recent products such as the [[Boeing 787 Dreamliner|787]], Boeing has also been offered direct financial support from local and state governments.<ref>{{cite news |title=See you in court; Boeing v Airbus: The Airbus-Boeing subsidy row |newspaper=The Economist |date=25 March 2005}}</ref>

In January 2005 the European Union and United States trade representatives, [[Peter Mandelson]] and [[Robert Zoellick]] respectively, agreed to talks aimed at resolving the increasing tensions.<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.forbes.com/2005/01/11/cx_ab_0111video2.html |title=U.S., EU To Settle Airbus-Boeing Dispute |work=Forbes |date=11 January 2005 |first = Annalisa |last = Burgos}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-8437712_ITM |title=US, EU meet on Airbus-Boeing dispute |work=Journal of Commerce Online |date=24 February 2005 }}</ref> These talks were not successful with the dispute becoming more acrimonious rather than approaching a settlement.<ref>{{cite news |url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/809617451.html?dids=809617451:809617451&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Mar+19%2C+2005&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=U.S.-EU+Talks+on+Boeing%2C+Airbus+Subsidies+Falter&pqatl=google |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604120545/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/809617451.html?dids=809617451:809617451&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Mar+19,+2005&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=U.S.-EU+Talks+on+Boeing,+Airbus+Subsidies+Falter&pqatl=google |url-status = dead |archive-date = 4 June 2011 |title=U.S.-EU Talks on Boeing, Airbus Subsidies Falter |work=Los Angeles Times |date=19 March 2005}}</ref>

WTO ruled in August 2010 and in May 2011 that Airbus had received improper government subsidies through loans with below market rates from several European countries.<ref>{{Cite news|title=U.S. claims victory in Airbus-Boeing case|work=The Washington Post, Bloomberg|date=19 May 2011|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/us-claims-victory-in-airbus-boeing-case/2011/05/18/AFF6qY6G_story.html?wprss=rss_homepage|access-date=19 May 2011|last=Schneider|first=Howard}}</ref> In a separate ruling in February 2011, WTO found that Boeing had received local and federal aid in violation of WTO rules.<ref>{{Cite news|title=WTO Rules Boeing Got Improper U.S. Subsidies|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=1 February 2011|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704254304576116051390545350}}</ref>

=== Cluster bomb allegation ===
In 2005 the [[Government Pension Fund of Norway]] recommended the exclusion of several companies producing [[cluster bomb]]s or components. EADS and its sister company EADS Finance BV were among them, arguing that EADS manufactures "key components for cluster bombs". The criticism was centred around TDA, a joint venture between EADS and Thales&nbsp;S.A. TDA produced the [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] ammunition PR&nbsp;Cargo, which can be considered cluster ammunition, however this definition has since been successfully battled by EADS. EADS and its subsidiaries are now regarded as fulfilling all the conditions of the [[Ottawa Treaty]]. According to the new point of view,{{by whom|date=November 2021}} no product of EADS or its [[subsidiaries]] falls into the category of [[antipersonnel mine]]s as defined by the Ottawa Treaty ("[[landmine]]s under the Ottawa Treaty"). In April 2006, the fund declared that the basis for excluding EADS from investments related to the production of [[cluster munition]]s is no longer valid, however its shareholding of MBDA means the fund still excludes EADS due to its indirect involvement in [[nuclear weapon]]s production.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/Recommendation-of-18-April-2006/id419592/ |title= The exclusion of EADS from the investment universe of the Government Pension Fund – Global has been reviewed |publisher= [[Regjeringen.no]] |date= 10 May 2006 }}</ref>

=== Insider trading investigation ===
On 2 June 2006 co-CEO Noël Forgeard and Airbus CEO [[Gustav Humbert]] resigned following the controversy caused by the June 2006 announcement that deliveries of the A380 would be delayed by a further six months. Forgeard was one of a number of executives including [[Jean-Paul Gut]] who exercised [[stock option]]s in November 2005 and March 2006. He and twenty-one other executives are{{when|date=March 2019}} under investigation as to whether they knew about the delays in the Airbus&nbsp;A380 project which caused a 26&thinsp;% fall in EADS shares when publicised.<!--ref name=economist11oct2007-->
The French government's actions were also under investigation; The state-owned bank Caisse des Dépots et Consignations (CDC) bought part of Lagardère's 7.5&thinsp;% stake in EADS in April 2006, allowing that latter to partially escape the June 2006 losses.<ref name=economist11oct2007>{{cite news|title=Inside story; Share scandals in France|newspaper=The Economist|date=13 October 2007 |url= https://www.economist.com/europe/2007/10/11/inside-story |url-access= subscription}}</ref>

=== Investment in Chinese firm supplying Myanmar military ===
[[File:Mon State Kyomaro Township bombed 2024-03-28 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Houses on fire due to air attack on Myanmar village]]
In 2024, Airbus received negative press attention for increasing their investments in [[Aviation Industry Corporation of China]], a Chinese company that provides weapons to the [[State Administration Council|Myanmar junta]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/airbus-investing-in-chinese-firm-that-supplies-myanmar-military-report/7790180.html |title=Airbus investing in Chinese firm that supplies Myanmar military: report |work=Voice of America |last=Walker |first=Tommy |date=19 September 2024 |access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://efe.com/en/other-news/2024-09-16/airbus-myanmar/ |title=Airbus urged to break with Chinese airline supplying Myanmar junta |work=EFE |date=16 September 2024 |access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref> The junta is known for bombing ethnic villages<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/07/21/mynanmar-junta-military-civil-war-coup/ |title=Myanmar’s junta can’t win the civil war it started |work=The Washington Post |first=Ishaan |last=Tharoor |date=21 July 2022 |access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref> and airstrikes such as the [[Hpakant massacre]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/25/world/asia/myanmar-coup-concert-killed.html |title=Airstrike Kills at Least 80 During Outdoor Concert in Myanmar |work=The New York Times |last=Paddock |first=Richard C. |date=25 October 2022 |access-date=3 November 2024}}</ref>

=== Bribery allegations ===
==== South Africa ====
In 2003 [[Tony Yengeni]], former [[chief whip]] of South Africa's [[African National Congress]], was convicted of fraud worth around US$5&nbsp;billion relating to an arms deal with South Africa, in which Airbus (formerly EADS) were major players.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sunday-times-1107/20060827/282149286789058|title=Jailed Yengeni shows no remorse|work=[[Sunday Times (South Africa)]] |date= 27 Aug 2006}}</ref> It was claimed that Airbus had admitted that it had "rendered assistance" to around thirty senior officials, including defence force chief General [[Siphiwe Nyanda]], to obtain luxury vehicles.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1579194.stm |title=Top ANC official resigns |work=BBC News |date=4 October 2001 |access-date=12 July 2011}}</ref> In March 2003, South Africa withdrew all charges of bribery against the former head of EADS South Africa,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armsdeal-vpo.co.za/court_diary/court_proceedings.html#Michael%2520Woerfel |title=Court Diary |publisher=C²I² Systems |work= The Arms Deal Virtual Press Office |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050317201550/http://www.armsdeal-vpo.co.za/court_diary/court_proceedings.html#Michael%2520Woerfel |archive-date=17 March 2005 }}</ref> and in September 2004, the prosecutor's office dismissed the bribery charges against Yengeni.{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}

==== Saudi Arabia ====
In August 2012 the UK's [[Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)|Serious Fraud Office]] opened a criminal investigation into an EADS subsidiary, GPT Special Project Management&nbsp;Ltd, regarding bribery allegations made by GPT's former programme director, Ian Foxley. Foxley alleged that luxury cars were bought for senior Saudis, and that millions of [[pound sterling|pounds sterling]] were paid to mysterious [[Cayman Islands]] companies, possibly to secure a £2&nbsp;billion contract to renew the [[Saudi Arabian National Guard]]'s military telecommunications network.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.exaronews.com/sfo-launches-criminal-probe-into-deal-with-saudi-national-guard |title=SFO launches criminal probe into deal with Saudi national guard |work= [[Exaro]]  |date=10 August 2012  }}</ref> Foxley's allegations were supported by two other GPT employees.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.exaronews.com/third-insider-blows-whistle-on-corrupt-saudi-defence-deal |title=Third insider blows whistle on 'corrupt' Saudi defence deal |work= [[Exaro]] |date=9 July 2012 }}</ref> The later agreement between Airbus and the SFO on 31 January 2020 excluded the settlement of this case.<ref name=SFO2mar2020 />

==== British and French investigations ====
The [[Parquet national financier|French National Financial Prosecutor's Office]] (PNF), the UK [[Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)|Serious Fraud Office]] (SFO) and the US Department of Justice (DoJ) had been jointly investigating irregularities in Airbus marketing practices since 2016, in particular the activities of agents Saudi Arabia, Kazakhstan, the Philippines, Indonesia and Austria,{{efn|"The reports identified problematic transactions in the sale of civil aircraft in several countries, including Saudi Arabia, Kazakhstan, the Philippines, Indonesia and Austria. This list is far from exhaustive"<ref name=mediapart1aug2017 />}} but also China, the United Arab Emirates, South Korea, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Kuwait, Turkey, Russia, Mexico, Brazil, Vietnam, India, Colombia and Nepal.<ref name=SFO2mar2020 />

In July 2016, SFO opened a criminal investigation into "suspicions of fraud, bribes and corruption" after Airbus informed British authorities of a failure to disclose the role played by some intermediaries facilitating the sale of aircraft. Airbus was required to provide this information in order to benefit from export credits, which the British, French and German governments had suspended. In March 2017, the PNF subsequently opened a preliminary investigation into "suspicions of fraud and corruption in civil aviation activities" in cooperation with the SFO.<ref name=SFO2mar2020 />

The allegations included that from 2012 onwards Airbus was responsible for recruiting and remunerating intermediaries to influence the award of civil and military contracts. Payments worth hundreds of millions of euros in alleged secret commissions were made and numerous sales including in [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Philippines]], [[Indonesia]], [[Austria]], [[China]] and [[Mauritius]] were under suspicion of bribery.<ref name=mediapart1aug2017 />{{verify source|date=May 2020}}<ref name=FT31jan2020>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/f7a01a60-442b-11ea-abea-0c7a29cd66fe|title=Airbus ran 'massive' bribery scheme to win orders |date= 31 Jan 2020 |work= Financial Times|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

The investigation focussed on the Airbus, Strategy and Marketing Organization (SMO), the department responsible for negotiating sales contracts and which, La Tribune reported as having "a network and an incredible influence around the world." Directed successively by [[Jean-Paul Gut]] and [[Marwan Lahoud]], the SMO was dissolved in 2016 under the new executive director, Thomas Enders, as part of a "clean hands" operation.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/airbus-corruption-scandal-threatens-ceo-tom-enders-a-1171533.html |title= Airbus Corruption Scandal May Lead Straight to the Top |date= 9 Oct 2017 |work= [[Der Spiegel]] |quote= Hence, the message from Enders to all those who haven't yet got the message, to those who think they can just carry on as before, including the bribery: "Leave this company rather than make us take you out of the company. Because we're in a dead serious situation, dear colleagues."}}</ref>

In 2014, in a case referred to as the Kazakhgate affair, a search at [[Airbus Helicopters]] by French authorities found emails confirming that Airbus had agreed in principle to pay €12 million in bribes to the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan to facilitate the sale of helicopters. Officers from the Central Anti-Corruption Office (OCLCIFF) then searched the home of [[Marwan Lahoud]] on 8 February 2016.{{efn|"In February 2016, French police officers from the Central Anti-Corruption Office searched the homes of both Lahoud, Airbus's former second-in-command"<ref name=mediapart1aug2017 />}} This revealed that two Turkish intermediaries had claimed payment of commissions due in connection with the sale of 160 aircraft to China valued at US$10 billion. A message by Lahoud suggested that the commissions could reach US$250 million. The SMO was to conceal these commissions as false invoices for a fictitious Caspian pipeline project.{{efn|"They revealed, too, the tricks the SMO used to hide the alleged commissions on the sale of 34 Airbuses to Turkey, thanks to false invoices in relation to a fictitious pipeline project in the Caspian Sea"<ref name=mediapart1aug2017>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mediapart.fr/en/journal/france/010817/huge-corruption-scandal-threatening-airbus|title=The huge corruption scandal threatening Airbus|author=Martine Orange and Yann Philippin|work=[[Mediapart]] |date= 1 Aug 2017 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>}}

In January 2020, French, British and American courts validated three agreements between Airbus and the PNF,<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.agence-francaise-anticorruption.gouv.fr/files/files/20200129%20CJIP%20AIRBUS%20signée.pdf |publisher= Parquet national financier |title= convention judiciaire d'intérêt public entre le procureur de la république financier et Airbus SE |date= 29 Jan 2020 |language=fr }}</ref> the UK SFO,<ref name=SFO2mar2020>{{cite web |url= https://www.sfo.gov.uk/download/airbus-se-deferred-prosecution-agreement-statement-of-facts/ |title= R v Airbus SE – Deferred Prosecution Agreement |date= 2 March 2020 |publisher= [[Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfo.gov.uk/2020/01/31/sfo-enters-into-e991m-deferred-prosecution-agreement-with-airbus-as-part-of-a-e3-6bn-global-resolution/|title=SFO enters into €991m Deferred Prosecution Agreement with Airbus as part of a €3.6bn global resolution|publisher=[[Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)]]|date=31 January 2020}}</ref> and the US DoJ.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1241466/download |publisher= District court for the district of Columbia |title= USA v. Airbus SE deferred prosecution agreement |date= Jan 31, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/airbus-agrees-pay-over-39-billion-global-penalties-resolve-foreign-bribery-and-itar-case|title=Airbus Agrees to Pay over $3.9 Billion in Global Penalties to Resolve Foreign Bribery and ITAR Case|date=31 January 2020|publisher=[[justice.gov]]}}</ref> Airbus recognised the charges and agreed to pay fines of €2.1 billion in France, €984 million in the United Kingdom and €526 million in the United States. The penalties were the highest ever issued by the French and British bodies.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51328655|title=Airbus to pay SFO €1bn in corruption settlement|date=31 January 2020|publisher= [[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/airbus-fined-billions-in-global-bribery-settlement/a-52224820|title=Airbus fined billions in global bribery settlement |date= 1 Feb 2020|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transparency.org/news/pressrelease/airbus_bribery_investigation_highlights_power_of_international_cooperation|title=Airbus bribery investigation highlights power of international cooperation in tackling corruption|work=[[Transparency International]]|date=3 Feb 2020}}</ref>

These settlements close the prosecution of Airbus regarding the Kazakhstan case but not allegations of misconduct in Saudi Arabia, China and Turkey, which Airbus denies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/today/companies/bribery-scandals-airbus-rocked-by-corruption-allegations/23572528.html|title=Bribery Scandal(s): Airbus rocked by corruption allegations|work=Handelsblatt|date= 10 Sep 2017 }} {{Dead link|date=July 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Airbus managers may still be pursued as private individuals.{{efn|"The Agreement does not provide any protection against prosecution of any natural ' persons"<ref name=SFO2mar2020 />}}

== See also ==
{{Portal|Companies|Aviation|European Union|France|Germany|United Kingdom|Spain|Netherlands|Engineering}}
* [[Airbus Training Centre Europe]]
* [[Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom]]
* [[Airbus affair]]
* [[Boeing]]
* [[Bombardier Aerospace]]
* [[Comac]]
* [[Competition between Airbus and Boeing]]
* [[Competition in the Regional jet market|Competition in the regional jet market]]
* [[Embraer]]
* [[Liebherr Aerospace]]
* [[United Aircraft Corporation]]
{{Clear}}

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book|title=Airbus Industrie: An Economic and Trade Perspective|author=Congressional Research Service|year=1992|publisher=U.S. Library of Congress}}
* {{cite book|last=Heppenheimer|first=T.A.|title=Turbulent Skies: The History of Commercial Aviation |publisher=John Wiley|year=1995|isbn=0-471-19694-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Lynn|first=Matthew|title=Birds of Prey: Boeing vs. Airbus, a Battle for the Skies|url=https://archive.org/details/birdsofpreyboein0000lynn|url-access=registration|publisher=Four Walls Eight Windows |year=1997|isbn=1-56858-107-6}}
* {{cite book|last=McGuire|first=Steven|title=Airbus Industrie: Conflict and Cooperation in U.S.E.C. Trade Relations|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=1997}}
* {{cite book|last=McIntyre|first=Ian|title=Dogfight: The Transatlantic Battle Over Airbus|publisher=Praeger Publishers|year=1982|isbn=0-275-94278-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/dogfighttransatl00mcin}}
* {{cite book|last=Thornton|first=David Weldon|title=Airbus Industrie: The Politics of an International Industrial Collaboration |publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=1995|isbn=0-312-12441-4}}

== External links ==
{{Commons}}
* {{Official website}}

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