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{{Short description|German construction company}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Hochtief AG
| logo = Hochtief logo.svg
| type = [[Public company|Public]] [[Subsidiary]]
| traded_as = {{FWB|HOT}}<br/>[[MDAX|MDAX Component]]
| foundation = {{start date and age|1873}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hochtief.de/hochtief/79.jhtml| title=Hochtief Konzern Geschichte|website=Hochtief}}</ref>
| location = [[Essen]], Germany
| industry = [[Construction]]
| products = Construction services, [[project management]]
| revenue = {{increase}} €27.756 billion <small>(2023)</small><ref name="AR2023_AG">{{cite web |url=https://www.hochtief.de/mmdbdownload?id=229172 |title=Hochtief Group Report 2023 |access-date=30 September 2023 |publisher=Hochtief}}</ref>
| operating_income = {{increase}} €523 million <small>(2023)</small><ref name="AR2023_AG" />
| net_income = {{decrease}} €314 million <small>(2023)</small><ref name="AR2023_AG" />
| assets = {{increase}} €19 billion <small>(2023)</small><ref name="AR2023_AG" />
| equity = {{decrease}} €1.266 billion <small>(end 2023)</small><ref name="AR2023_AG" />
| num_employees = 41,575 <small>(end 2023)</small><ref name="AR2023_AG" />
| parent = [[ACS Group]] (75.71%)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4-traders.com/ACS-ACTIVIDADES-DE-CONSTR-140640/company/|title=ACS Actividades de Construccion y Servicios company: Shareholders, managers and business summary – Bolsa de Madrid: ACS - 4-Traders|last= |website=4-traders.com}}</ref>
| homepage = {{URL|https://www.hochtief.com|hochtief.com}}
}}

[[File:Abu Simbel, Ramesses Temple, front, Egypt, Oct 2004.jpg|right|thumb|The façade of the greater temple at Abu Simbel, moved to escape the rising Nile. The [[cliff]] behind the temple is artificial, and was created to allow the temple to be moved to a higher location.]]
'''Hochtief [[Aktiengesellschaft|AG]]''' is a global provider of [[infrastructure]] technology and construction services, with locations in [[North America]], [[Australia]], and [[Europe]]. The [[Essen]] based company is primarily active in the fields of [[high tech]], [[energy transition]], and sustainable infrastructure. With the international projects making up 95% of the company's revenue, Hochtief was among the largest international construction firms in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ENR's 2023 Top 250 International Contractors |url=https://www.enr.com/toplists/2023-Top-250-International-Contractors-Preview |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Engineering News-Record]]}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Hochtief AG, Essen |url=https://www.northdata.de/HOCHTIEF+AG,+Essen/HRB+279 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=North Data |language=de}}</ref>

In Australia, the group is active through its subsidiary [[CIMIC Group|Cimic]] (100% since 2022).<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=2024-03-18 |title=Konzernabschluss zum Geschäftsjahr vom 1.1.2023 bis zum 31.12.2023 |trans-title=Annual Report 2023 |work=[[Unternehmensregister]]}}</ref> Via its wholly owned subsidiary [[Turner Construction|Turner]] Hochtief is a leader in commercial construction in the [[United States]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ENR 2023 Top 400 Contractors 1–100 |url=https://www.enr.com/toplists/2023-Top-400-Contractors-1-preview |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Engineering News-Record]]}}</ref> Since June 2018, Hochtief has held a 20% stake in [[Abertis]]. Abertis directly owns 99.1% of the toll road operator Abertis Infraestructuras.<ref name=":3" />

Since ACS Group first acquired shares in Hochtief in 2005, it has increased its shareholding to 75.71% in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-22 |title=Group Report 2023 |url=https://ircenter.handelsblatt.com/download/companies/hochtief/Annual%20Reports/DE0006070006-JA-2023-EQ-E-00.pdf |website=[[Handelsblatt]] |page=61}}</ref>

==History==
===Founding and early years===
In 1873, brothers Philipp Helfmann (a [[bricklayer]]) and Balthasar Helfmann (a [[Locksmithing|locksmith]]), originally from [[Kelsterbach]], founded the company ''Gebrüder Helfmann'' in [[Frankfurt|Frankfurt am Main]]. While Balthasar was responsible for the completion of construction contracts, Philipp developed the financing side of the business.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.hochtief.com/about-hochtief/history |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref> Their first major contract was for the [[University of Giessen]] in 1878.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=University of Giessen |url=https://www.hochtief.com/about-hochtief/history/university-of-giessen |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref> By the 1880s, the company had begun to produce its own construction materials but was still only a regional player. Shortly after the death of Balthasar, Philipp Helfmann transformed the company into a joint-stock corporation for building construction and civil engineering named ''Aktiengesellschaft für Hoch- und Tiefbauten'' (Construction and Civil Engineering Corporation) in 1896, just before the German Stock Exchange Act came into force.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=45f}}</ref>

A major development was the contract for the [[destination spa|spa]] in [[Bad Orb]] in 1899, where the order included not just construction of the buildings, but also provision of infrastructure like [[road]]s and [[garden]]s, arrangement of finances for the project, and maintenance of some responsibilities for operation after the construction. Also in 1899, another [[turnkey]] project, a new [[grain]] [[storage silo|silo]] in [[Genoa]], Italy, was both the firm's first international venture and its first project using [[reinforced concrete]]. Philipp Helfmann died in the same year, with his son-in-law, [[Hans Weidmann]], taking over as [[Chief Executive]].<ref name=":0" />

===After the Helfmann brothers===
[[File:Zeche Zollverein abends.jpg|left|thumb|Shaft XII at [[Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex|Zollverein colliery]] was named Schacht "Albert Vögler". The [[Bauhaus]]-influenced design combined function with aesthetics.]]
[[File:Hochtief AG 1927.jpg|right|thumb|Share of the Hochtief AG, issued 4. July 1927]]
[[File:Echelsbach Bridge.jpg|thumb|Echelsbach Bridge, completed 1929]]
The firm grew rapidly, but was not comparable with the major German construction companies of the era. In 1921, it attracted investment from the [[industrialist]] [[Hugo Stinnes]] (described by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' as the "New Emperor of Germany" for his wealth and influence) and in 1922, the firm moved its base to Essen as part of its integration into the Stinnes group.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=92}}</ref> Stinnes planned to use Hochtief for all his construction projects, while Hochtief saw an opportunity to profit from the [[Treaty of Versailles]], organising the delivery of construction materials to France as part of German [[World War I reparations|reparations]] for World War I. Stinnes died in 1924,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=81}}</ref> and within a year his industrial empire collapsed. With the help of several [[bank]]s, the company (now known as ''Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft für Hoch- und Tiefbauten vorm. Gebrüder Helfmann'') avoided [[insolvency]]. In the aftermath of the Stinnes collapse, the major [[Public utility|utility]] [[RWE]] and electrical equipment producer [[AEG (German company)|AEG]] became major shareholders in Hochtief, and Hans Weidmann stepped down in 1927.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=113}}</ref>

A series of major construction projects ensued, including the [[Echelsbach Bridge]] (then Germany's largest single span reinforced concrete bridge),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Echelsbach Bridge |url=https://www.hochtief.com/about-hochtief/history/echelsbach-bridge |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref> the [[Schluchsee dam]] and work on the [[Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex|Zollverein colliery]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zollverein Colliery in Essen |url=https://www.hochtief.com/about-hochtief/history/zollverein-colliery-in-essen |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref>

===From Nazi Germany to Reconstruction===
[[File:Reichskanzlei-Fuehrerbunker.png|thumb|A reconstruction of the layout of the [[Führerbunker]] in Berlin, built by Hochtief in 1943. Hitler committed suicide here during the [[Battle of Berlin]] in 1945.]]From 1933 onwards, the structures of the [[Nazi Germany|Third Reich]] influenced Hochtief’s business activities.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=123}}</ref> [[Jew]]ish members of the Supervisory Board were expelled under the [[Nuremberg Laws]] in 1935. In 1937, CEO Eugen Vögler joined the [[Nazi Party]] (NSDAP) and served as leader of the Construction Industry Group as well as an honorary squad leader of the [[Hitler Youth]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=129–143}}</ref> The construction business flourished under the [[Four Year Plan|four year plan]], with its vast [[public works]] programme, including the [[Autobahn]] network, and the industrial build-up in preparation for war, for example the construction of a new [[truck]] factory for [[Opel]] in [[Brandenberg]]. Hochtief also worked on a new centre for Nazi rallies in [[Nuremberg]]. In 1936, it moved its Essen headquarters from the [[Pferdemarkt]] to its current location on [[Rellinghauser Straße, Essen|Rellinghauser Straße]]. As war became imminent, the company began work on the [[Westwall]] defensive network.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=157–169}}</ref> During [[World War II]], it worked on the [[Atlantic Wall]] defences, and a range of infrastructure projects across German-dominated Europe. Hochtief also constructed buildings for Hitler himself, notably his [[Bavaria]]n Alpine retreat, the [[Berghof (Hitler)|Berghof]], his [[Wolf's Lair]] [[headquarters]] in [[Rastenburg]], and the [[Führerbunker]] in [[Berlin]], where Hitler ultimately committed suicide.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-18 |title=Vorbunker und Führerbunker |url=http://berliner-unterwelten.de/fuehrerbunker.328.0.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818032653/http://berliner-unterwelten.de/fuehrerbunker.328.0.html |archive-date=2013-08-18 |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Berliner Unterwelten e.V |language=de}}</ref>

After 1939, the firm began to use [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labour]] extensively on its projects, as did many other German industrial concerns at the time. Hochtief's slave workers suffered from malnutrition, beating and constant abuse.<ref name="Millo2010">{{cite book|editor=Belle Millo|title=Voices of Winnipeg Holocaust Survivors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j0lZwp0VqmgC&pg=PA152|year=2010|publisher=Belle Millo|isbn=978-0-9691256-9-3|page=166}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=181–195}}</ref>

=== Reconstruction and international expansion ===
[[File:UZ-Historischer Eingang.jpg|thumb|Historic entrance to the former company headquarters]]
[[File: Hochtief Hauptverwaltung Essen gesamt.jpg|thumb|Headquarters of the Group in [[Essen]]]]
==== 1945–1966 ====
After the collapse in 1945, Hochtief lost both its international business and its branches in East Germany.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=205–207}}</ref> Under the leadership of the new CEO, Artur Konrad, operations continued.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=218}}</ref>[[File:Egypt.AbuSimbel.03.jpg|right|thumbnail|The old and new positions of the Abu Simbel temples]] One of the first major contracts was for a [[university hospital]] in [[Bonn]], between 1946 and 1949. The introduction of the [[Deutsche Mark]] in 1948 and the beginning of the [[Wirtschaftswunder]] brought more new work.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=259–268}}</ref>

[[Josef Müller (businessman)|Josef Müller]] took over as CEO in 1950. A decision was made to undertake more international projects, following a period of essentially domestic work after World War II. This included a series of power infrastructure works in [[Turkey]] and bridge and [[smelting]] works construction in [[Egypt]] during the early 1950s. Many projects from this period were undertaken outside of the [[First World]], often funded from [[development aid]] budgets.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=260}}</ref>

The company gained international recognition for the relocation of the [[Abu Simbel]] rock temple (from November 1963 to September 1968, planned by Walter Jurecka, former head of the international division) and the Mandulis [[Temple of Kalabsha]] (1961 to 1963). These [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage sites]] had to be relocated due to the construction of the [[Aswan Dam|Aswan High Dam]].<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=1963-12-06 |title=Es ist spät für Abu Simbel |url=https://www.zeit.de/1963/49/es-ist-spaet-fuer-abu-simbel |access-date=2024-09-30 |work=[[Die Zeit]] |language=de-DE |issn=0044-2070}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Spencer |first=Terence |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CFMEAAAAMBAJ&dq=Abu+Simbel+Life+1966&pg=PA32 |title=The Race to Save Abu Simbel Is Won |date=1966-12-02 |publisher=Life |pages=33–36 |language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Messe-Torhaus, Frankfurt.jpg|left|thumbnail|The radical [[Messe Torhaus]] in Frankfurt, with its "[[Guillotine]]"]]

==== 1967–1989 ====
From 1967 onwards, the company’s focus shifted away from purely construction services towards turnkey construction and related services, exemplified by the [[Hilton Athens|Hilton Hotel in Athens]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=281f}}</ref> 

By the mid-1970s, the international business accounted for only a small portion of the company’s activities. Most work was domestic, driven by Germany's strong economic growth, with a particular strength in [[power plant]] construction. This included the construction of the [[Federal Republic of Germany]]'s first nuclear power plant, [[Kahl Nuclear Power Plant]], near [[Karlstein am Main|Dettingen am Main]].<ref name="Kahl">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/103.jhtml From the master-builder to the construction corporation (1966–1989), Page 2/3], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=286}}</ref> The construction contract had been awarded by [[AEG (German company)|AEG]], which had been commissioned by the utility company [[RWE]] to build the plant. The plant began to feed its electricity to the grid in June 1961.<ref>[http://www.kernenergie.net/informationskreis/en/wissen/geschichte.php?navid=13 History of Nuclear Power] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051120010040/http://www.kernenergie.net/informationskreis/en/wissen/geschichte.php?navid=13|date=20 November 2005}}, [http://www.kernenergie.net/informationskreis/en/ German Atomic Energy Forum] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070116152100/http://www.kernenergie.net/informationskreis/en/|date=16 January 2007}}. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-03-14 |title=Anfang und Ende des ersten deutschen Meilers |url=https://www.focus.de/wissen/klima/anfang-und-ende-des-ersten-deutschen-meilers-versuchsatomkraftwerk-kahl_id_2534024.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |work=Focus Online |language=de}}</ref> By contrast, the first [[East Germany|East German]] nuclear plant, at [[Rheinsberg]], was connected to the grid in 1966.<ref>[http://world-nuclear.org/info/inf43.html Nuclear Power in Germany, Nuclear Issues Briefing Paper 46, Jan 2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220103559/http://world-nuclear.org/info/inf43.html|date=20 February 2009}}, [[World Nuclear Association]][http://www.world-nuclear.org/] . Retrieved 12 January 2009</ref> During the 1960s and 1970s, the company also executed significant transport infrastructure projects. Notable examples include the Raúl Uranga Subfluvial Tunnel in [[Argentina]], the [[Elbe Tunnel (1975)|Elbe Tunnel]] in Hamburg, and the [[Bosphorus Bridge]] in Istanbul.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=292}}</ref> 

After the 1973 oil crisis, the company benefited from the unexpected wealth of oil-exporting countries. By 1980, foreign work accounted for more than 50% of Hochtief's business. A major factor was the contract for the turnkey construction of [[King Abdulaziz International Airport]] (completed in 1981), the largest airport in Saudi Arabia, located in [[Jeddah]], and the most valuable contract Hochtief had ever been involved with.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airport in Jeddah |url=https://www.hochtief.com/about-hochtief/history/airport-in-jeddah |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref> The aesthetics of the architecture of the airport is highly rated, and it has several unusual features, including Terminal Three, used only during the [[Hajj]], reserved for [[pilgrim]]s travelling to [[Mecca]]. It has a tent-shaped [[fibreglass]] [[roof]], contains a [[mosque]], can accommodate 80,000 travellers at once, and is believed to be the largest terminal in the world.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |pages=286–292}}</ref>[[File:Messeturm (Messegelände) Frankfurt-2.jpg|right|thumbnail|When the [[Messeturm]] in Frankfurt was completed in 1991, it was Europe's tallest building.]]

==== 1990–2007 ====
After German reunification, the company benefited from the construction boom, although by 1993, slowing economic growth led to increased competitive pressure. Under the leadership of Hans-Peter Keitel initially,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=303}}</ref> and from 2007 Herbert Lütkestratkötter, the company underwent a restructuring.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Heise |first1=Stephanie |last2=Heise |first2=Harald |date=2011-04-11 |title=Herbert Lütkestratkötter: Der tragische Abgang des Hochtief-Chefs |url=https://www.wiwo.de/unternehmen/herbert-luetkestratkoetter-der-tragische-abgang-des-hochtief-chefs/5259314.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Wirtschaftswoche]] |language=de}}</ref> While construction remained the core business, Hochtief also began offering additional services as a construction provider, including the planning, financing, and operation of buildings. Acquisitions were made to support these new business areas.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich |page=310}}</ref> To further this, Hochtief founded new companies and acquired Australia's [[CIMIC Group|Leighton Holdings]] and the US-based [[Turner Construction]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sigrist |first=Damian |date=1999-08-18 |title=Hochtief schliesst eine Lücke |url=https://www.fuw.ch/article/hochtief-schliesst-eine-lcke |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Finanz und Wirtschaft |language=de}}</ref>

In 2004, Hochtief transitioned from a subsidiary to a publicly traded company: the sale of the majority shareholder RWE’s shares gave Hochtief a new international shareholder structure.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2006-11-23 |title=Hochtief mit neuem Chef und alter Strategie |url=https://www.nzz.ch/articleEOPV2-ld.385950 |access-date=2024-09-30 |work=[[Neue Zürcher Zeitung]] |language=de-CH |issn=0376-6829}}</ref> By 2005, around 80% of the company was in free float.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-08-10 |title=Übernahmegerüchte treiben Aktie des Baukonzerns Hochtief |url=https://www.welt.de/print-welt/article687842/Uebernahmegeruechte-treiben-Aktie-des-Baukonzerns-Hochtief.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Die Welt]] |language=de}}</ref> Through the acquisition of service companies [[Siemens]] Gebäudemanagement<ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-12-16 |title=Baukonzern Hochtief kauft das Gebäudemanagement von Siemens |url=https://www.welt.de/print-welt/article280356/Baukonzern-Hochtief-kauft-das-Gebaeudemanagement-von-Siemens.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Die Welt]] |language=de}}</ref> and [[Lufthansa]] Gebäudemanagement,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-05-05 |title=Gebäudemanagement: Lufthansa verkauft Geschäftsfeld |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/unternehmen/gebaeudemanagement-lufthansa-verkauft-geschaeftsfeld-1162325.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref> Hochtief Facility Management, a subsidiary, expanded from 800 to approximately 4,500 employees in 2004. In 2007, Hochtief acquired Flatiron, a provider of infrastructure projects in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wnuck |first=Corinna |date=2007-09-25 |title=Hochtief übernimmt Flatiron Construction in den USA |url=https://www.finance-magazin.de/deals/ma-deals/hochtief-uebernimmt-flatiron-construction-in-den-usa-17831/ |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Finance |language=de-DE}}</ref> Hochtief is also represented in the Gulf region through the Habtoor Leighton Group, a Leighton subsidiary.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maurer |first=Peter |date=2013-12-11 |title=Hochtief-Tochter baut Wohnhochhäuser in Dubai |url=https://www.iz.de/unternehmen/news/-hochtief-tochter-baut-wohnhochhaeuser-in-dubai-1000017743 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Immobilien Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref>

=== Loss of independence ===
In 2005, [[August von Finck Jr.|August von Finck]], through his Custodia Holding, acquired a stake in the company, which was increased to 25.08% in 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damm |first=Christoph |date=2018-11-27 |title=So verworren ist das Firmenimperium des geheimnisvollen Milliardärs, der die AfD unterstützt haben soll |url=https://www.businessinsider.de/wirtschaft/so-verworren-ist-das-firmenimperium-des-geheimnisvollen-milliardaers-der-die-afd-unterstuetzt-haben-soll-2018-11/ |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-02-09 |title=Hochtief – Custodia Holding erhöht Anteil auf 25,08 % |url=https://www.finanznachrichten.de/nachrichten-2006-02/5972959-hochtief-custodia-holding-erhoeht-anteil-auf-25-08-009.htm |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Finanznachrichten |language=de}}</ref> In March 2007, the Spanish construction group [[ACS Group|Actividades de Construcción y Servicios]] (ACS) purchased Custodia’s shares for €72 per share, with the transaction amounting to over €1.26 billion.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2007-03-22 |title=ACS wird Mehrheitsaktionär von Hochtief. |url=https://www.nzz.ch/articleF187O-ld.1106029 |access-date=2024-09-30 |work=[[Neue Zürcher Zeitung]] |language=de-CH |issn=0376-6829}}</ref> Subsequently, ACS acquired more shares, holding 29.9% by September 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maier |first=Jutta |date=2019-02-03 |title=Machtwechsel bei Hochtief |url=https://www.fr.de/wirtschaft/machtwechsel-hochtief-11706323.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Frankfurter Rundschau]] |language=de}}</ref> On 16 September 2010, ACS announced a public takeover bid for the remaining shares, offering an exchange of eight ACS shares for five Hochtief shares. On 29 November, BaFin approved ACS’s takeover of Hochtief. In December, Qatar Holding from the Emirate of Qatar subscribed to a reserved capital increase, acquiring nearly 9.1% of the shares. After improving the offer to nine ACS shares for five Hochtief shares, ACS announced in January 2011 that it held over 30% of Hochtief’s shares following the conclusion of the takeover bid.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2011-02-03 |title=ACS bei Hochtief (fast) am Ziel |url=https://www.n-tv.de/wirtschaft/ACS-bei-Hochtief-fast-am-Ziel-article2419386.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[n-tv]] |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-04 |title=Übernahme des Baukonzerns Hochtief: ACS nimmt Hürde von 30 Prozent |url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/unternehmen/uebernahme-des-baukonzerns-hochtief-acs-nimmt-huerde-von-30-prozent-1582875.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref> By June 2011, ACS held slightly over 50% of Hochtief’s shares,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiggins |first=Jenny |date=2011-05-27 |title=Leighton hopes ASC stays aloof |url=https://www.afr.com/companies/infrastructure/leighton-hopes-asc-stays-aloof-20110528-icue0 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> as shares held by Hochtief itself were voting shares attributed to ACS.

=== Restructuring and reorganisation ===
In May 2013, Hochtief sold its airports division to Canada's [[Public Sector Pension Investment Board]] for €1.1 billion.<ref>{{cite news |author=Ludwig Burger |date=7 May 2013 |title=Hochtief sells airport unit to Canada's PSP Investments for $1.4 billion |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hochtief-airports-idUSBRE94604J20130507 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> At the same time, Hochtief began restructuring its loss-making European activities in 2013: The Group spun off the construction business, which had previously been bundled into one unit, into four largely autonomous companies and cut up to 1,000 jobs, primarily in Germany.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gassmann |first=Michael |date=2014-02-28 |title=Hochtief baut immer noch um |url=https://www.welt.de/print/die_welt/wirtschaft/article125279024/Hochtief-baut-immer-noch-um.html |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Die Welt]] |language=de}}</ref>

In February 2014, the 50% stake in the real estate company Aurelis Real Estate, a former subsidiary of [[Deutsche Bahn]], was sold to an investor consortium led by the private equity firm Grove.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2014-02-07 |title=Hochtief trennt sich von Aurelis |url=https://www.lto.de/recht/kanzleien-unternehmen/k/clifford-chance-clifford-chance-beraet-grove-fonds-beim-erwerb-von-43-der-anteile-an-aurelis-von-hochtief |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Legal Tribune Online |language=de}}</ref> Further sales of smaller business units followed. In May 2015, Hochtief’s offshore business was sold to GeoSea, a subsidiary of the DEME Group.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2015-05-26 |title=Hochtief verkauft Offshore-Sparte an GeoSea |url=https://www.lto.de/recht/kanzleien-unternehmen/k/baker-mckenzie-allen-overy-hochtief-verkauft-offshore-sparte-an-geosea |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Legal Tribune Online |language=de}}</ref> However, Hochtief strengthened its activities in the Asia-Pacific region, increasing its stake in the listed Australian subsidiary Leighton Holdings Limited from approximately 58% to 69.62% in 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-05-12 |title=Hochtief bid for Leighton falls short |work=[[The Australian]]}}</ref>

As part of the reorganisation, the company was renamed from Leighton Holdings to [[CIMIC Group|Cimic Group]] in April 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiggins |first=Jenny |date=2015-03-20 |title=Leighton to change name to CIMIC in wake of corruption allegations |url=https://www.afr.com/markets/equity-markets/leighton-to-change-name-to-cimic-in-wake-of-corruption-allegations-20150320-1m40j3 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref>

=== Developments from the 2020s onwards ===
In 2022, Juan Santamaría Cases assumed his position as CEO of the company, succeeding Marcelino Fernández Verdes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Becker |first=Annette |date=2022-07-19 |title=Hochtief-Chef Fernández räumt das Feld |url=https://www.boersen-zeitung.de/personen/hochtief-chef-fernandez-raeumt-das-feld-d3c4887a-0755-11ed-a300-9f8a6bd55700 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Börsen-Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref> In 2023, Hochtief, together with EWE, was awarded funding under the German government's Deutschlandnetz initiative to establish and operate charging points for electric vehicles.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-07 |title=Elektrofahrzeuge: Zehn Unternehmen dürfen Deutschlandnetz stricken |url=https://www.energie-und-management.de/nachrichten/detail/zehn-unternehmen-duerfen-deutschlandnetz-stricken-196245 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Energie & Management |language=de}}</ref>

==Organisation==
Hochtief is an [[Aktiengesellschaft]]. Its [[shares]] are traded on all German [[stock exchange]]s, including the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] and [[Börse München]], using the [[Xetra (trading system)|Xetra]] system. In the 2023 financial year, Hochtief generated revenue of €27.8 billion, with the majority of earnings coming from Hochtief Americas. During the same financial year, 41,575 employees worked for the group. 

=== Shareholder structure ===
Shareholders as of September 2024:

* [[:de:Grupo_ACS|Grupo ACS]] – 75.71%
* Floating share – 21.07%
* Treasury shares – 3.21%

=== Company structure ===
The Hochtief Group operates three divisions with subsidiaries and additionally holds a 20% stake in Abertis HoldCo, S.A.:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- class=
! colspan="4" | Hochtief
|- class= 
| [[Turner Construction]] || [[CIMIC Group|Cimic Group]] || Engineering and Construction || [[Abertis]]
|}
Turner is an American construction management company.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Meinke |first=Ulf |date=2024-02-23 |title=Neue Hochtief-Zentrale in Essen |work=Westfälische Rundschau |page=8 |language=de}}</ref> It is primarily involved in the delivery of healthcare and education facilities, airports, sports venues, and office buildings.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-18 |title=Ein Stadion für New York |work=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |page=14 |language=de}}</ref> Additionally, Turner is increasingly active in the construction of technical facilities, such as factories for electric vehicles and battery recycling, as well as data centres, including those for the internet company [[Meta Platforms|Meta]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title=Hochtief-Tochter errichtet US-Rechenzentrum für Meta |url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/industrie/baukonzern-hochtief-tochter-errichtet-us-rechenzentrum-fuer-meta/100010654.html |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=[[Handelsblatt]] |language=de}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last1=Jansen |first1=Jonas |last2=Theile |first2=Gustav |date=2023-05-23 |title=Wettlauf im Batteriewerksbau |work=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] |page=20 |language=de}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=2023-04-14 |title=Wie sich ein Rechenzentrum rechnet |work=[[Rheinische Post]] |page=26 |language=de}}</ref>

Cimic operates in the Asia-Pacific region, providing construction services for sectors such as education, healthcare, power and energy, transportation, tunnelling, and water.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meinke |first=Ulf |date=2024-02-22 |title=Neue Hochtief-Zentrale in Essen: Pläne nicht aufgegeben |url=https://www.waz.de/wirtschaft/article241735968/Neue-Hochtief-Zentrale-in-Essen-Plaene-nicht-aufgegeben.html |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=[[Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-05 |title=Cimic mit Großauftrag |work=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] |page=19 |language=de}}</ref> Cimic is also active in natural resources, holding stakes in service providers Thiess and Sedgman.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Jansen |first1=Jonas |last2=Hein |first2=Christoph |date=2020-07-13 |title=Schwarzes Gold lockt Hochtief |work=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] |page=18 |language=de}}</ref>

Engineering and Construction encompasses Hochtief's construction activities and PPP business in Europe, along with the civil engineering company Flatiron in North America. In Europe, Hochtief operates in Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria, the UK, Scandinavia, and the Netherlands.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Locations and regional contact persons |url=https://www.hochtief.com/activities/locations-and-regional-contact-persons |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref>

Hochtief holds a stake in Abertis, a toll road operator with approximately 8,000 kilometres of toll roads in Europe and South America. Abertis operates mainly in France, Spain, Brazil, Chile, the United States, Mexico, and Puerto Rico.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news |last=Müller |first=Benedikt |date=2018-10-30 |title=Mautstraßen statt Pullover |work=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |page=20 |language=de}}</ref>

Subsidiaries include Flatiron, CPB Contractors, Leighton Asia (active in Hong Kong and other Southeast Asian countries),<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-07 |title=Auf vier Prozent bauen |work=[[Wirtschaftswoche]] |page=78 |language=de}}</ref> and Hochtief Infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Feldhaus |first=Friedhelm |date=2023-11-21 |title=Hochtief realisiert ÖPP Schulzentrum Süd im niedersächsischen Lehrte |url=https://www.iz.de/projekte/news/-hochtief-realisiert-oepp-schulzentrum-sued-im-niedersaechsischen-lehrte-2000021283 |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Immobilien Zeitung |language=de}}</ref>

== Products and services ==
The company is mainly active in construction and civil engineering (buildings, bridges, tunnels, etc.). In addition to executing construction projects, Hochtief is also involved in planning and, in some cases, acts as a co-investor. Furthermore, Hochtief is active in the construction and operation of environmental technology facilities, as well as the expansion of digital infrastructure.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-22 |title=ACS-Tochter Hochtief steigert Gewinn und Umsatz |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/infrastrukturkonzern-acs-tochter-hochtief-steigert-gewinn-und-umsatz-dpa.urn-newsml-dpa-com-20090101-240222-99-85147 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref><ref name=":5" />

The corporate group also provides services such as organising and consulting on real estate and infrastructure facilities.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

=== Urban and social infrastructure ===
Hochtief develops and constructs neighbourhoods and districts that include residential properties, as well as public and commercial facilities.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Activities |url=https://www.hochtief.com/activities |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref>

=== Energy infrastructure and digital infrastructure ===
Hochtief delivers construction and infrastructure services for energy systems, from generation to utilization, and supports digital infrastructure projects like data centers and telecom networks.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />

Hochtief is active in the energy infrastructure sector through subsidiaries such as Flatiron in the USA and Canada, CPB Contractors in Australia, Leighton Asia in Hong Kong and Southeast Asia, as well as Hochtief Infrastructure in Germany.<ref name=":3" />

=== Transport infrastructure ===
In the field of transport infrastructure, the company constructs [[bridge|bridges]], [[Rail transport|railways]], stations, [[airport]]s, and ports, as well as roads, tunnels, and motorways both domestically and internationally, often within the framework of concession models such as public-private partnerships.<ref name=":3" />

Hochtief holds a 20% stake in the internationally operating toll road operator [[Abertis]], which owns approximately 8,000 kilometres of toll roads across several countries.<ref name=":6" />

=== Mining operations ===
Hochtief is involved in the mining business through Cimic and holds a stake in Thiess, a contract miner. In October 2020, Cimic sold 50% of its stake in its mining subsidiary Thiess to the Elliott Fund Management;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-19 |title=Hochtief subsidiary CIMIC enters sale agreement with Elliott for 50% of Thiess |url=https://www.hochtief.com/news-media/press-releases/press-release/hochtief-subsidiary-cimic-enters-sale-agreement-with-elliott-for-50-of-thiess |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=Hochtief |language=en}}</ref> in April 2024, Cimic increased its shareholding back to 60%.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-04-24 |title=Hochtief-Aktie unter Druck |url=https://www.finanzen.net/nachricht/aktien/mehr-anteile-erworben-hochtief-aktie-unter-druck-hochtief-tochter-cimic-baut-thiess-beteiligung-aus-13446358 |access-date=2024-09-30 |work=Finanzen |language=de}}</ref>

==Timeline of notable construction projects==
[[File:Commerzbank-Zentrale 2004-11-28a.JPG|thumb|right|The [[Commerzbank Tower]] surpassed the Messeturm]]
[[File:Hamburg, Elbphilharmonie -- 2023 -- 6564.jpg|thumb|Elbphilharmonie]]
[[File:Aerial View of Frankfurt Airport 1.jpg|thumb|Franfurt Airport]]

Projects Hochtief has been involved in include the [[Elbphilharmonie]] in Hamburg, the [[Gotthard Base Tunnel]] in Switzerland and the project planning of the [[Burj Khalifa]] in Dubai. Hochtief has also worked on various airports, such as those in Frankfurt, Athens, and Warsaw, as well as several expansions of the German motorways. International bridge construction projects include the [[Øresund Bridge]] and the [[Bosphorus Bridge]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-02-24 |title=Viele Aufträge für Hochtief |work=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bühren |first=Katja |date=2012-09-28 |title=Hochtief baut Passagierterminal am Warschauer Flughafen um |url=https://www.iz.de/projekte/news/-hochtief-baut-passagierterminal-am-warschauer-flughafen-um-1000010936 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Immobilien Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref>

*1878–1879: [[University of Giessen]], [[Giessen]]<ref name=":8" />
*1927–1932: [[Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex|Zollverein colliery]] (Shaft XII), [[Essen]]<ref name="Zollverein">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/111.jhtml Zollverein coal mine in Essen, 1929-1931], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006; [http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/zollverein.html further information] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051227115615/http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/zollverein.html|date=27 December 2005}} on http://www.worldheritagesite.org/ accessed 16 February 2006</ref>
*1927–1928: [[Predigtstuhl Cable Car]], [[Bad Reichenhall]]
*1928–1929: Echelsbach Bridge, near Echelsbach, [[Bavaria]]<ref name="Echelsbach">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/111.jhtml The Echelsbach Bridge], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006; {{Structurae|id=20000516|title=Echelsbach Bridge}}. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1929–1931: Schluchsee Dam, [[Schluchsee]], [[Black Forest]]<ref name="Schluchsee">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/93.jhtml Under the influence of the Stinnes Group, (1921-1933), Page 5/6], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1930–1934: [[Albert Canal]], [[Belgium]]<ref name="Albert">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/112.jhtml Albert Canal in Belgium, 1930–1934], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1938–1945: Projects included the [[Westwall]] and [[Atlantic Wall]] defenses, and [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler's]] [[Berghof (Hitler)|Berghof]], [[Wolf's Lair]] and [[Führerbunker]]<ref name="WWII_work">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/97.jhtml Politicization of the construction industry (1933–1945), Page 3/4], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1946–1949: [[University of Bonn|Bonn University]] Hospital, [[Bonn]]<ref name="Sariyar">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/101.jhtml Reconstruction (1945–1966), Page 3/3], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1952–1956: [[Sarıyar Dam|Sariyar Dam]], [[Ankara]], Turkey<ref name=Sariyar/>
*1954–1964: [[Vianden Pumped Storage Plant]], [[Vianden]], [[Luxembourg]]
*1958–1961: [[Kahl Nuclear Power Plant]], [[Karlstein am Main|Dettingen am Main]]<ref name=Kahl/>
*1960–1969: [[Hernandarias Subfluvial Tunnel]], Argentina<ref name="Hernandarias">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/114.jhtml Paraná Tunnel in Argentina, 1961–1962], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 6 February 2006</ref>
*1961–1963: Hilton Hotel, [[Athens]], Greece<ref name=Kahl/>
*1963–1968: [[Abu Simbel]] [[temple]]s transplanted, Egypt<ref name="Abu">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/115.jhtml The rescue of Abu Simbel, 1963–1968], Hochtief website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1968–1972: [[Frankfurt Airport]], [[Frankfurt]]
*1969–1975: [[New Elbe Tunnel]], [[Hamburg]]<ref name="Elbe">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/116.jhtml Elbe tunnel in Hamburg, 1969–1975 and 1997–2003], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1970–1974: [[Bosphorus Bridge]], Turkey<ref name="Bosporus">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/117.jhtml Bosphorus Bridge in Turkey, 1970–1974], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1974–1981: [[King Abdulaziz International Airport]], [[Jeddah]], Saudi Arabia<ref name="Jeddah">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/104.jhtml From the master-builder to the construction corporation (1966–1989), Page 3/3], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1981–1984: [[Mosul Dam]], [[Iraq]]
*1984–1985: [[Messe Torhaus]], [[Frankfurt am Main]]<ref name=Jeddah/>
*1988–1991: [[Messeturm]], [[Frankfurt am Main]]<ref name="Messeturm">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/119.jhtml Exhibition center tower in Frankfurt am Main, 1988–1991], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2005; {{Structurae|id=20000123|title=Messe Tower}}</ref>
*1990–1992: Terminal One, [[Warsaw Chopin Airport|Warsaw Airport]], Poland<ref name="Warsaw">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/120.jhtml Warsaw International Airport, 1990–1992], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1994–1996: [[Commerzbank Tower]], [[Frankfurt am Main]]<ref name="Commerzbank">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/126.jhtml Commerzbank in Frankfurt am Main, 1994–1996], Hochtief website. Retrieved 16 February 2006; {{Structurae|id=20000122|title=Commerzbank Tower}}</ref>
*1996–2000: [[Athens International Airport]], Greece<ref name="Athens">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/542.jhtml System leadership and the public-private partnership from 1990 onwards, Page 2/5], Hochtief history website. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*1996–2000: Øresund Bridge, [[Copenhagen]] and [[Malmö]], [[Sweden]]
*1998–2000: Kandinsky-Klee house restoration, [[Dessau]]<ref name="Kandinsky-Klee">[http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/132.jhtml The Kadinsky-Klee House], Hochtief website. Retrieved 16 February 2005; [http://www.hochtief.com/hochtief_en/135.jhtml Restoration], Hochtief website. Retrieved 16 February 2006; [http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/bauhausweimardessau.html Bauhaus and its sites] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830153851/http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/bauhausweimardessau.html|date=30 August 2006}}, http://www.worldheritagesite.org/. Retrieved 16 February 2006</ref>
*2001–2016: [[Gotthard Base Tunnel]], [[Erstfeld]], [[Switzerland]]
*2002–2004: [[Katima Mulilo Bridge]], [[Zambia]] and [[Namibia]]<ref>[http://www.klausdierks.com/Namibian_Roads/Zambezi_bridge.htm Website of] Dr. [[Klaus Dierks]] [http://www.klausdierks.com/FrontpageMain.html], first Deputy Minister for Works, Transport and Communication in independent Namibia, involved in the planning and negotiations for the bridge. Retrieved 15 February 2005.</ref>
*2004–2008: [[Opera Krakowska]], [[Kraków]], Poland<ref>[http://www.opera.krakow.pl/english.php?id=386 The Opera Krakowska: "About us"] Access date: 9 July 2009</ref>
*2005–2008: [[Dnipro Stadium]], Ukraine<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fcdnipro.dp.ua/content/ru/?new_stadium |title=Футбольный клуб "Днепр" |access-date=2008-10-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005024532/http://www.fcdnipro.dp.ua/content/ru/?new_stadium |archive-date=5 October 2008}}</ref>
*2007–2016: [[Elbphilharmonie]], [[Hamburg]]
*2009–2011: [[Lake Champlain Bridge (2011–present)|Lake Champlain Bridge]], [[Crown Point, New York]] and [[Chimney Point, Vermont]]
*2009–2012: [[Berlin Ostkreuz station]], Berlin
*2011–2017: [[Queensferry Crossing]], [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-30 |title=Scotland's Queensferry Crossing welcomes first traffic |url=https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/scotlands-queensferry-crossing-welcomes-first-traffic/ |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=The Engineer |language=en}}</ref>
*2014–2019: Expansion of [[King Khalid International Airport]], [[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-06-30/hochtief-led-group-seals-1-5-billion-riyadh-airport-contract |title=Hochtief-Led Group Seals $1.5 Billion Riyadh Airport Contract |publisher=bloomberg.com |author=Webb, Alex |date=30 June 2015 |access-date=7 April 2016}}</ref>
*2016–2020: [[SoFi Stadium]], Los Angeles, [[California]]
*2017–2020: Remodelling od the [[State Opera (Prague)|State Opera]], [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]
*Start 2019: [[The Spiral (New York City)|The Spiral]], New York City<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hillemacher |first=Monika |date=2021-06-17 |title=Im Ausland bauen deutsche Firmen Brücken und grüne Hochhäuser |url=https://www.iz.de/unternehmen/news/-im-ausland-bauen-deutsche-firmen-bruecken-und-gruene-hochhaeuser-161521 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Immobilien Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref>
*Start 2019: [[Sydney Metro]]: Pitt Street Station, [[Sydney]], Australia<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-17 |title=Hochtief-Tochter Cimic baut Metrostation in Sydney |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/essen-hochtief-tochter-cimic-baut-metrostation-in-sydney-dpa.urn-newsml-dpa-com-20090101-190917-99-908607 |access-date=2024-09-30 |website=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |language=de}}</ref>

The company is also working on the [[Chacao Channel bridge]] due to be completed in 2025.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266137787 |title=Chacao Channel bridge |publisher=Conference: 6th International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical EngineeringAt: Arlington, VA |date=1 August 2008 |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref>

== Sustainability ==
In 2022, Hochtief published its Sustainability Plan 2025, aiming for the company’s operations to become climate-neutral by 2045.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-12 |title=Hochtief ist weltweiter Branchenführer für Nachhaltigkeit |url=http://www.deal-magazin.com/news/2/120745/HOCHTIEF-ist-weltweiter-Branchenfuehrer-fuer-Nachhaltigkeit |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Deal Magazin |language=de}}</ref> Additionally, the company is listed in the [[Dow Jones Sustainability Indices|Dow Jones Sustainability Index]] by [[S&P Global]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Göbel |first=Vanessa |date=2023-12-18 |title=Diese Unternehmen sind führend im Dow Jones Sustainability Index |url=https://www.markenartikel-magazin.de/_rubric/detail.php?rubric=marke-marketing&nr=71555 |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Markenartikel Magazin |language=de-DE}}</ref>

== Bibliography ==

* {{Cite book |last1=Pohl |first1=Manfred |title=Hochtief und seine Geschichte: von den Brüdern Helfmann bis ins 21. Jahrhundert |last2=Siekmann |first2=Birgit |date=2000 |publisher=Piper |isbn=978-3-492-04270-3 |location=München Zürich}}

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://www.hochtief.com/}}
*[[:de:Albert Vögler]]
*[[:de:Zeche Zollverein]]
* {{PM20|FID=co/011306|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}

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